• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.20.1-20.1
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• 2011

We present the results of far-ultraviolet (FUV) observations of comet C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) obtained with Far-ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (FIMS) on board the Korean microsatellite STSAT-1, which operated at an altitude of 700 km in a sun-synchronous orbit. FIMS is a dual-channel imaging spectrograph (S channel 900-1150 ${\AA}$, L channel 1350-1750 ${\AA}$, ${\lambda}/{\Box}{\lambda}$ ~ 550) with large image fields of view (S: $4^{\circ}.0{\times}4'.6$, L: $7^{\circ}.5{\times}4'.3$, angular resolution 5'-10') optimized for the observation of diffuse emission of astrophysical radiation. Comet C/2001 Q4 (NEAT) was observed with a scanning survey mode when it was located around the perihelion between 8 and 15 May 2004. Several important emission lines were detected including S I (1425, 1474 ${\AA}$), C I (1561, 1657 ${\AA}$) and several emission lines of CO $A1{\cap}-X1{\sum}+$ system in the L channel. We estimated QCO = ($2.58\;{\pm}\;0.64)\;{\times}\;1028$ s-1 from the production rate of CO 1510 ${\AA}$. We obtained L-channel image which have map size of $5^{\circ}{\times}5^{\circ}$. The image was constructed for the wavelength band of L-channel (1350-1750 ${\AA}$).We also obtained radial profile of S I, C I, CO with line fitting from central coma.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.202-205
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• 2010

Purpose: Male nipple hypertrophy is a rare condition but is a social embarrassment for individual. The currently available techniques of nipple reduction already described in the literature for female patients are discussed, but the goal of treatment is different in male patients. In male patient, the diameter as well as vertical height should be reduced simultaneously to achieve better aesthetic results. Our new technique can reduce the diameter of the hypertrophic nipple as well as the vertical height efficiently and simply. Methods: A 19-years-old man with nipple hypertrophy on the right chest presented. The flap is designed based on the site of left nipple, symmetry, the diameter, and the projection desired. The widths of the V flaps determine projection, whereas the diameter of the C flap determines the diameter of the nipple and top of the new nipple. Unnecessary hypertrophic tissues are extirpated and the V flaps are elevated. The nipple base is reduced by purse-string suture technique. The V flaps are wrapped around, and C flap is used as a cap. Results: No complication including nipple necrosis or sensory loss were found during follow-up period. The normal symmetry of the nipple contour was restored. Conclusion: We describe a simple technique for male nipple reduction using a C-V flap with purse-string suture. In our experience, this technique has provided good aesthetic result and patient satisfaction.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.17 no.6
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• pp.5-14
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• 2001

This paper describes a simplified design method of stabilizing piles based on an experimental tests and an analytical study which can take into account the safety factor of slope and pile spacing. The nonlinear characteristics of the soil-pile interaction for stabilizing piles are modeled by using load transfer method. The interaction factors due to pile spacing and cap rigidity were estimated by using a three dimensional nonlinear finite element approach and laboratory tests. Based on the results obtained, the interaction factors are proposed quantitatively for one-row pile groups with spacing-to-diameter ratios varying far 2.5 to 7.0. The Bishop's simplified method of slope stability analysis is extended to incorporate the soil-pile interaction and determine the safety factor of the reinforced slope. Through the comparative study, it is found that the prediction by present approach is in relatively good agreement with the results of centrifuge tests and field tests and three dimensional finite element analyses.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.3 no.4 s.12
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• pp.114-122
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• 2002

Earned Value Management System(EVMS) is a management technique that is emerging as a valuable tool in the management of all projects, including and in particular construction projects. It is based on C/SCSC that has been released by the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) in 1967. In a project that employs the earned value management concept, the project's measurable performance plans will be formed with the creation of CAPs. The formation of CAPs is a planning step necessary to form an earned value baseline. In this paper, a method is proposed to form CAPs using Material Requirement Planning(MRP) that is also known as a useful planning tool in the manufacturing industry. An application to a real project has been carried through workpackaging model.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 1986

Isozyme patterns of leucine aminopeptidase, esterase and protein from 16 isolates of Ganoderma lucidum were observed by electrophoresis for characterization of the isolates. Even in the same isolate, the patterns of the isozymes from mycelium and cap were different. The esterase patterns from the mycelium could differentiate the isolates. Of 16 isolates, four isolates showed identical patterns. It was assumed that these had the same genetic background.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.159-177
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• 2001

This research aims to clarify what kind of competencies are the source of the competitiveness of an enterprise and the standards for the development of human resources. Its specific objectives are the following; First, to develop methods for examining competencies to carry out one’s job. Second, to draw out the competencies necessary for carrying out the jobs by jobs on the basis of the developed methods. Third, to clarify the competencies commonly needed to carry out all kinds of jobs. This study collected materials for drawing out the competencies needed to perform 21 jobs in six job groups. This was done with the help of a panel of professionals. The process for drawing out the competencies required to perform certain job was designed in six steps. These steps combine classical methods using particular reference groups as well as model methods for particular job competencies. The materials for the R&D job were gathered for three months starting from February 2001. Materials from 20 other jobs were also collected three times from the end of May to the end of October 2001. This was done through workshops with professional groups. The highlights of this study are as follows: 1) The results applying the methods developed for drawing out job competencies to the duties of investigation & research part in R&D job were presented as an example. 2) The job competencies of the company totaled 215 in 21 jobs irrespective of overlapping, which means each job has about 10 competencies on the average. 3) The common job competencies of the whole company totaled eight. namely: competency for collecting information/processing/analyzing, communication competency, presentation competency, competency for utilizing the web, competency for planning projects, competency for solving problems, competency for understanding organization/business/products of the company, and competency for satisfying customers.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.145-155
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• 1992

The effect of various supplies of lead singly and in combination with aluminium on growth and chlorophyll biosynthesis was investigated in 7-day-old Vigna anguluris seedlings. Expose to 50 $\mu$N Pb or more drastically reduced root elongation rate. Significant depressions in root growth was observed within 1 day and no recovery of growth was seen over the duration of treatment period. Root elongation decreased depending on the Pb concentrations. Root growth inhibition was stronger than shoot growth inhibition. The initiation of lateral roots appeared to be more sensitive to Pb than the growth of main roots. Inhibition of root and shoot elongation by Pb was lessened by combined exposure of Pb and Al, suggesting that the presence of AA reverse the inhibitory effect of Pb alone. With the histochemical sodium rhodizonate method the rate of Pb uptake was dependent on the Pb concentration and exposure time of the roots to Pb salts. Pb was first deposited on the root surface and then translocated radially in the root cap cells. During a longer Pb administration (up to 72 h) Pb penetration was nonuniform, with accumulation within the cortex or endodermis. There was drastic reduction in chlorophyll content by Pb. The Pb inhibition of chlorophyll synthesis was concentration dependent. 5-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity exhibited distinct inhibition from control. Reduction in chlorophyll content was accompanied by proportional changes in ALAD activity. Chlorophyll content and ALAD activity were less affected by combined exposure of Pb and Al, suggesting that Al has a protective effect against the inhibiting action of Pb on photosynthetic activity.

• Journal of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.1259-1271
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• 2012

We consider a tournament T = (V,A). For each subset X of V is associated the subtournament T(X) = (X,$A{\cap}(X{\times}X)$) of T induced by X. We say that a tournament T' embeds into a tournament T when T' is isomorphic to a subtournament of T. Otherwise, we say that T omits T'. A subset X of V is a clan of T provided that for a, $b{\in}X$ and $x{\in}V{\backslash}X$, $(a,x){\in}A$ if and only if $(b,x){\in}A$. For example, ${\emptyset}$, $\{x\}(x{\in}V)$ and V are clans of T, called trivial clans. A tournament is indecomposable if all its clans are trivial. In 2003, B. J. Latka characterized the class ${\tau}$ of indecomposable tournaments omitting a certain tournament $W_5$ on 5 vertices. In the case of an indecomposable tournament T, we will study the set $W_5$(T) of vertices $x{\in}V$ for which there exists a subset X of V such that $x{\in}X$ and T(X) is isomorphic to $W_5$. We prove the following: for any indecomposable tournament T, if $T{\notin}{\tau}$, then ${\mid}W_5(T){\mid}{\geq}{\mid}V{\mid}$ -2 and ${\mid}W_5(T){\mid}{\geq}{\mid}V{\mid}$ -1 if ${\mid}V{\mid}$ is even. By giving examples, we also verify that this statement is optimal.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.54 no.10
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• pp.414-421
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• 2011

Purpose: Recently, an increase in the number of patients sensitized to rice allergen with or without clinical symptoms has been reported. This study was designed to determine the major allergens in rice and their clinical significance. Methods: Twenty-four children (15 boys and 9 girls; mean age, 16.3 months) with allergic disease, who were sensitized to rice antigen (by UniCAP) in the Pediatric Allergy Respiratory Center at Soonchunhyang University Hospital, were enrolled in this study. The allergenicity of various types of rice (raw, cooked, and heat-treated, simulated gastric fluid [SGF], and simulated intestinal fluid [SIF]) was investigated using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and immunoglobulin E (IgE) immunoblots. The patients' medical records, including laboratory data and allergy symptoms after ingestion of rice were reviewed. Results: Patients were sensitized to an average of 13.5 food antigens and their mean total IgE was 6,888.7 kU/L. In SDS-PAGE, more than 16 protein bands were observed in the raw rice, whereas only 14-16 kDa and 31-35 kDa protein bands were observed in cooked rice. The common SDS-PAGE protein bands observed in SGF-, SIF-, and heat-treated rice were 9, 14, and 31 kDa. In a heated-rice IgE immunoblot, protein bands of 9, 14, and 31-33 kDa were found in 27.8%, 38.9%, and 38.9% of all sera, respectively, and in 50%, 50%, and 75%, of ser a from the 4 symptomatic patients, respectively. Conclusion: The 9-, 14-, and 31-kDa protein bands appeared to be the major allergens responsible for rice allergy symptoms.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.106-110
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• 2006

A new commercial strain 'Jinhwang' of Pholiota adiposa was developed by hyphal anastomosis. It was developed with crossing between monokaryotic strains derived from ASI 24001 and ASI 24004. The optimum temperature of mycelial growth was $25^{\circ}C$ and that of fruiting body development was $15{\sim}18^{\circ}C$. The color of pileus was yellowish brown and many scales and gelatinous sheath were on cap. Average number of individuals a bottle was 26 and its stipe was thick. P. adiposa can be produced by box cultivation using cotton waste.