• 생약학회지
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.55-57
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• 1976

The callus formation of Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. $glandulifera\;R_{EG}.\;et\;H_{ERD}$. in tissue culture was promoted on Murashige and Skoog's basal solution supplemented with 40g/l of sucrose, 1mg/l of kinetin and 5mg/l of 2, 4-D. The fresh and dry weights of callus and glycyrrhizin contents in callus of the Glycyrrhiza glabra L. var. $glandulifera\;R_{EG}.\;et\;H_{ERD}$. were determined monthly up to 12 months and obtained the results as follows: 1.The fresh weight of formed callus was increased rapidly from 2 to 4 months but growing rate of callus was slow from 4 to 6 months. This indicates that the cell division of callus was most active during the first $2{\sim}3$ months. 2. Glycyrrhizin contents in callus were also increased but the contents were not related to the increased weight of callus.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.96-101
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• 2010

Leaf explants of the Solanum hainanense plant, grown in vitro, were cultured in basal Murashige and Skoog (MS) media supplemented with 0.5 mg/L kinetin and 1 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) for callus initiation. For maintenance and proliferation, the callus was cultured on MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D. The glycoalkaloid content in the callus was at its maximum after ten weeks of culture (188.65 mg/g), whereas that of the one-year-old control was 22.22 mg/g in the root and 5.99 mg/g in the stem. The glycoalkaloid extracted from the callus inhibited the activity of collagenase on collagen gel. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that biotransformation occurred when a callus was grown on medium supplemented with various carbon sources. These results suggest that callus of S. hainanense is a good material for production of glycoalkaloid.

• Plant Biotechnology Reports
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.87-92
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• 2008

An improved protocol for high frequency plant regeneration via somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryo-derived cell suspension cultures of watershield (Brasenia schreberi) was developed. Zygotic embryos formed pale-yellow globular structures and white friable callus at a frequency of 80% when cultured on halfstrength MS medium supplemented with $0.3mg\;l^{-1}$ 2,4-D. However, the frequency of formation of pale-yellow globular structures and white friable callus decreased slightly with increasing concentrations of 2,4-D up to $3mg\;l^{-1}$, where the frequency reached ~50% of the control. Cell suspension cultures from zygotic embryoderived white friable callus were established using half-strength MS medium supplemented with $0.3mg\;l^{-1}$ 2,4-D. Upon plating of cell aggregates on half-strength MS basal medium, approximately 8.3% gave rise to somatic embryos and developed into plantlets. However, the frequency of plantlet development from cell aggregates was sharply increased (by up to 55%) when activated charcoal and zeatin were applied. Regenerated plantlets were successfully transplanted to potting soil and grown to normal plants in a growth chamber. The distinctive feature of this study is the establishment of a high frequency plant regeneration system via somatic embryogenesis from zygotic embryo-derived cell suspension cultures of water-shield, which has not been previously reported. The protocol for plant regeneration of watershield through somatic embryogenesis could be useful for the mass propagation and transformation of selected elite lines.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2001

In order to establish efficient plant regeneration from embryogenic suspension cultures of soybean, Glycine max L, we examined the effects of auxin type and concentration, cytokinin type and concentration, and amino acid type and concentration on the growth of embryogenic clumps from induced callus, and the effect of desiccation of mature somatic embryos obtained from these clumps on the frequency of somatic embryo germination. Embryogenic callus was induced from the edge of the cotyledons cultured on MS medium containing 6% sucrose, 40 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.2% gelrite and pH 5.7. The growth of embryogenic clumps was best in early staged, embryogenic callus that was placed in suspension culture of MS medium containing 5 mg/L 2,4-D and 0.5 mg/L asparagine. Single somatic embryos were isolated from the clumps and plated on the same medium for maturation. When the mature single somatic embryos were desiccated for 96 h, somatic embryo germination came up to approximately 90%. The plantlets germinated after embryos desiccation for 2 weeks were transfered to MS medium containing 3% sucrose,0.2% gelrite and pH 5.7.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• 제23권3_4호
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• pp.91-98
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• 1980

In the present study effects of 2,4-D and kinetin on the callus tissue growth of Korean ginseng(Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer), in relation to the synthesis of saponin were investigated. The saponin synthesis in the callus culture of ginseng root was enhanced by 2,4-D and kinetin. The total saponin content of callus grown on the optima growth conditions, that is, 5mg/l of 2,4-D and 2mg/l of kinetin, was about three times as high as that of the 6 year-old ginseng roots commercially used as herbs. The kinetin specifically increased the synthesis of protopanaxadiol group ginsenoside and decreased the syntehsis of protopanaxatriol gropu in callus cultures, while 2,4-D caused to an increase in the synthesis of protopanaxatriol group ginsenoside and decrease the synthesis of protopanaxadiol group.

• 생약학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.28-30
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• 1994

The rate of growth and production of bioactive substances from Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz (Scrophulariaceae) were studied with the variation on the constituents of the culture media. The best growth was observed from MS basal medium containing 3.0 ppm NAA and 2.0 ppm kinetin. Carbohydrates (fructose, glucose and sucrose), phytosterols(${\beta}-sitosterol$, campesterol and stigmasterol) and carotenoid like substances were identified by GC-MS and TLC from the callus mass. However, catalpol was not detected from both solid and cell suspension cultures containing geraniol. Callus cultured Rehmannia glutinosa in the MS basal medium containing 0.1 ppm NAA and 0.1 ppm kinetin become differentiated to root.

• Plant Resources
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.135-137
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• 2000

Callus cultures from leaf explants of Gypsophila paniculata L. cv. 'Bristol Fairy' have been tested their growth and morphogenic capacity on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 0.l, 0.5, 1 and 3 mg/L 2,4-D. The frequency of callus formation ranged from 43.3% to 100%. The optimal 2,4-D concentration for promoting callus formation and growth was 0.5 to 3 ㎎/L. 4.2∼ 5.6% of adventitious roots were obtained with the use of 0.1 and 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D. Calli grown well on 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D was the heaviest among the calli grown in various concentrations.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2005

Callus induction from a leaf explant has been achieved in Lilium Oriental hybrid 'Casa Blanca'. The highest frequency of callus induction was obtained on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L BA and 2.0 mg/L NAA after 2 months of culture. The cultures maintained continuously without change in color and type of callus when they cultured in the dark. Plantlet regeneration with a high frequency was achieved from induced calli on the same medium. A number of shoots are formed from one cluster of callus, and bulblets developed into intact plantlets after transfer to hormone-free MS medium. No phenotypic variations were observed among regenerants. Enhancement in plantlet regeneration via callus formation would be expected to facilitate the efficiency of transformation of this Oriental hybrid 'Casa Blanca'.

• 식물조직배양학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.263-266
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• 1998

파(Allium fistulosum L.)의 자방을 0.5mg/L NAA와 0.5mg/L BA 또는 0.5mg/L kinetin을 조합처리한 MS배지에서 배양하였을 때, 자방의 표면으로부터 화아발생 캘러스가 유도되었다. 화아발생 캘러스의 유지는 0.5mg/L NAA와 0.5mg/L kinetin이 첨가된 배지에서 계대배양 하였을 때 양호하였다. 배양 3-4주 후 화아들은 화아발생 캘러스로부터 형성되었지만, 계대배양을 거듭할수록 화아의 발생률이 감소하였다. 화아의 발생 단계별 조직학적 관찰 결과 돔형의 분열조직이 넓게 퍼지면서 자연상태의 꽃과 같이 외측에 화판, 내측에 심피와 배주가 기원된 후 성숙한 꽃으로 발달하였다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제84권2호
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• pp.145-150
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• 1995

기내배양된 아까시나무(Robinia pseudoacacia L.)의 줄기기부에서 발생된 callus로부터 기관발생을 통하여 식물체재분화 시스템을 확립하였다. Callus는 줄기를 BA 또는 NAA가 함유된 MS배지에 배양하였을 때 유도되었으며, BA처리구가 NAA처리구보다 유도율이 높았다. BA가 첨가된 배지에 줄기를 배양하였을 때 기부 callus의 생장은 광조건 및 암조건에서도 잘 증식되었다. 줄기기부에서 발생된 callus는 녹색과 희면서 노란색을 띠는 callus로 분리되어 2.0mg/l BA와 0.5mg/l NAA가 함유된 mMS배지에 배양하였을 때 녹색의 callus로부터 줄기가 재분화되었다. 재분화된 줄기는 생장조절제가 함유되지 않은 ${\frac{1}{2}}MS$배지에서 발근되었다.