• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.515-521
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• 2014

The oriental traditional medicine, Aruncus dioicus var kamtschaticus (ADK) is used for hemostasis (blood stopping) and the promotion of blood circulation. Recently, the demands of the aerial part of ADK as edible mountain herbs are rapidly increased due to its unique fragrance and bioactivity. In this study, to evaluate the anti-thrombosis activity of ADK, ethanol extract and organic solvent fractions were prepared from aerial parts of ADK, and their anticoagulation and anti-platelet aggregation activities were determined. In an anticoagulation activity assay, the ethanol extract of ADK increased the thrombin time, prothrombin time, and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) 1.4-2.3 times at a concentration of 5 mg/ml. Among the fractions, the ethylacetate fraction showed strong inhibitory effects against blood clotting factors, as shown in an extension of the aPTT. In contrast, the butanol fraction strongly promoted blood clotting. In an anti-platelet aggregation assay, the activity of the ethanol extract was comparable to that of aspirin, a commercial anti-platelet aggregation agent, and the butanol fraction showed 2-fold higher aggregation inhibitory activity than aspirin. The aforementioned ethanol extract and active fractions have ignorable hemolytic activity against human red blood cells up to a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml. Considering the high content of total polyphenol, total flavonoid, and total sugar of the ethylacetate and butanol fractions, the purified active substances have potential as safe and novel anti-thrombosis agents. This report provides the first evidence of anti-thrombosis activity of ADK.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.448-452
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• 2015

The bacterial strain that was isolated from chinese cabbage rhizosphere, showed inhibition of yeast growth. This strain was identified as Pseudomonas fluorescens BB2 by API 20NE test and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. P. fluorescens BB2 strain produced antibiotics against yeast as a secondary metabolite effectively when the culture was carried out in YM medium with 3% glucose at $20^{\circ}C$. The protein antibiotic of BB2 strain which was concentrated by ammonium sulfate precipitation and n-butanol extraction inhibited the growth of yeast with the minimal inhibitory concentration of $10{\mu}g/ml$ against Candida albicans KCTC 7965, and the growth of yeast was completely inhibited at $80{\mu}g/ml$. The hydrophilic fraction of n-butanol extraction inhibited the growth of Bacillus cereus ATCC 21366, showed orange halo on chrome azurol S plate, which means the fraction contained iron chelating siderophore. The results of crystal violet uptake through the cell membrane showed that membrane permeability was increased about 9% than control, when the concentration of hydrophobic antibiotic against yeast C. albicans was $60{\mu}g/ml$. As a result, the antibiotic produced by P. fluorescens BB2 against yeast Candida is considered antimicrobial peptide, and this is the first report in the genus Pseudomonas.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.961-966
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• 2006

This study was worked out to investigate antioxidant activity of solvent extracts from wild grape skin by measuring electron donating ability (EDA), reducing power, superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and nitrite scavenging ability. Total phenolic compound and flavonoids contents were the highest in ethyl acetate extract, $54.4{\pm}1.18\;mg/100\;g$ and $645.1{\pm}5.05\;mg/100\;g$, respectively. The EDA and reducing power of solvent extracts from wild grape skin were proportionally increased with concentration and ethyl acetate extract $(79.2{\pm}0.06%)$ showed the stronger than BHT $(74.1{\pm}0.15%)$ at concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/mL$, especially. SOD-like ability of ethyl acetate $(25.1{\pm}0.41%)$ and butanol $(20.2{\pm}0.13%)$ extracts were stronger than other extracts at concentration of $100\;{\mu}g/mL$. TBARS of ethyl acetate extract was higher than ascorbic acid. Nitrite scavenging ability of solvent extracts from wild grape skin (pH 2.5, $1000\;{\mu}g/mL$) were in order of ethyl acetate $(90.5{\pm}0.75%)$>butanol $(65.9{\pm}2.16%)$>hexane $(58.1{\pm}1.74%)$>chloroform $(55.4{\pm}1.02%)$>water $(40.9{\pm}0.35%)$. Antioxidant activity of solvent extracts from wild grape skin was the highest in ethyl acetate extract from the results of our experiments.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.49-51
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• 1984

After pretreatment with ginseng followed by induction of acute intoxication of alcohol, the activities of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), microsomal ethanol-oxidizing system (MEOS) and aldehyde dehydrogenase(Ald DH) increased respectively compared to the groups treated with alcohol alone. In case that ginseng was given to rats fed with 5% alcohol instead of water for 60 days, the activities of ADH and MEOS increased compared to the groups treated. On the contrary, the activity of Ald DH in mitochondrial fraction decreased to an extent of about 35% in chronic alcoholism, but after pretreatment of ginseng the activity was restored to the control level. On the other hand, the catalase activity was not significantly affected by either treatment. Ginseng butanol fraction significantly increased the serum isocitrate dehydrogenase activity which is inhibited by alcohol-treated in rat. Alcohol-induced lactate dehydrogenase activity was decreased to control level in liver by ginseng treatment. And the serum level of lactic acid also decreased by ginseng treatment in alcohol-intoxicated rat. Ginseng butanol fraction markedly decreased the xanthine oxidase activity in the ethanol-treated rat liver. It was also observed that ginseng reduced the blood concentration of uric acid on experimentally reduced hyperuricemia by alcohol treatment. Uricase activity was not affected by either treatment. Ginseng butanol fraction decreased the hepatic aniline hydroxylase activity which was induced by alcohol-treated rat. These results suggest that the treatment with ginseng can be promoted the recovery from alcohol intoxication and some therapeutic effect on alcoholinduced metabolic disease.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.267-272
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• 2007

The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the counterion binding constant (B) in a mixed micellar state of the trimethyltetradecylammonium bromide (TTAB) with the polyoxyethylene (23) lauryl ether (Brij 35) at $25^{\circ}C$ in water and in aqueous solutions of n-butanol (0.1 M, 0.2 M, and 0.3 M) were determined as a function of ${\alpha}_1$ (the overall mole fraction of TTAB) by the use of electric conductivity method and surface tensiometer method. Various thermodynamic parameters ($X_i$, ${\gamma}_i$, $C_i$, ${a_i}^M$, ${\beta}$, and ${\Delta}H_{mix}$) were calculated by means of the equations derived from the nonideal mixed micellar model. The effects of n-butanol on the micellization of TTAB/Brij 35 mixtures have been also studied by analyzing the measured and calculated thermodynamic parameters.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.5
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• pp.355-361
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• 2006

The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the counterion binding constant (B) in a mixed micellar state of the sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate (DBS) with the polyoxyethylene(23) lauryl ether (Brij 35) at 25oC in water and aqueous solutions of n-butanol (0.1M, 0.2M, and 0.3M) were determined as a function of a1 (the overall mole fraction of DBS) by the use of electric conductivity method and surface tensiometer method. Various thermodynamic parameters (Xi, i, Ci, aiM, , and Hmix) were calculated by means of the equations derived from the nonideal mixed micellar model. The effect of n-butanol on the micellization of the DBS/Brij 35 mixtures has been also studied by analyzing the measured and calculated thermodynamic parameters.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.203-210
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• 2002

Aster scaber $T_{HUNB}$ (AST ; Charm-chui), a potent herbal medicinal plant, has a long tradition of use, being harvested as a wild plant, is said to stimulate appetite, and may act as a diuretic, antifebrile agent and painkiller. This study was conducted to investigate the immunomodulative effects of AST In mice, using in vitro and in vivo experiments. The immunomodulative effects were studied in vitro by measuring the proliferation of mice splenocytes and the production of three kinds of cytokines (IL-$\beta$, IL-6, and TNF-$\alpha$) by mice peritoneal macrophages which were cultured with sequential fractions of AST methanol extract (methanol, hexane, chlo-roform, ethylacetate, butanol and water). In an in vivo experiment using mice, different concentrations of AST water extract were orally administrated every other day for two weeks. The production of cytokines (IL-1$\beta$, IL-6, and TNF-$\alpha$) secreted by activated macrophages, and the proliferation of mice splenocytes, were used as indices for immunocompetence. In vitro supplementation using six fractions of AST in the range of 1 to 100$\mu$ g/ml enhanced splenocyte proliferation by 10.5% to 53% compared to the control. IL-1$\beta$production was significantly increased with the supplementation of butanol and water extracts of AST. Higher levels of IL-6 and TNF-$\alpha$production were detected with supplementation of methanol, ethylacetate, butanol or water extracts at the concentration of 100$\mu$ g/ml. In the in vivo study, the highest proliferation of splenocytes was seen in the mice orally administrated with the AST water extract at the concentration of 500mg/kg body weight. In the case of cytokine production, there were no significant differences in the production of IL-1$\beta$and IL-6 among the treated groups and the control. However, TNF-$\alpha$released by activated peritoneal macrophages were augmented by the oral administration of AST water extract. These results indicate that AST may enhance the immune functions by regulating splenocyte proliferation and cytokine production capacity in mice.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.386-394
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• 2005

Effects of root, stem and leaf extract of sancho (Zanthoxylum schinifolium) on the inhibition of lipid peroxidation in the hepatic microsome of rat, DPPH radical scavenging activity and activated partial thromboplastin times (APTT) were examined in vitro. The highest inhibition of hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation was observed by ethyl acetate fraction than that of methylene chloride fraction of the root and stem extracts. The high inhibition of lipid peroxidation was determined in the leaf, the root and the stem in order. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of ethyl acetate fraction was higher than that of n-butanol fraction and it was similar to the root and the steam extract. It was similar to the inhibition of hepatic microsomal lipid peroxidation. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was the highest in 2.500mg/mL of ethyl acetate fraction and it was 4.4 fold higher than that of $\alpha-tocopherol$, as an antioxidant standard. The DPPH radical scavenging activity was dependent on the extract concentration in the range of 0.125-5.000 mg/mL. The throm-boplastin times were higher than that of n-butanol fraction and it was similar to the root and the steam extracts. The leaf extract showed the highest antithrombogenic effect followed by the stem and then the root extract. The activated partial thromboplastin times were ependent on the extract concentration in the range of 0.100-2.000 mg/mL. Consequently, the effects of antioxidative, DPPH radical scavenging activity and antithrombogenic of Z. schinifolium was observed due to the inhibition of lipid peroxidation and the DPPH radical scavenging activity by methylene chloride, n-butanol and ethyl acetate fraction of the leaf extract. (Korean J Nutrition 38(5): 386 - 394, 2005)

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.580-586
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• 2013

In this paper, polymer composite membranes and ceramic composite membranes were prepared in order to compare differences in pervaporation performances relative to the support layers. PVDF was used for the polymer support layers, and $a-Al_2O_3$ was used for the ceramic support layers. For active layer was coated for PDMS, which is a rubbery polymer. The characterization of membranes were analysed by SEM, contact angle, and XPS. We studied performances relative to the composite membrane support layers in the ABE mixture solutions. The results of the pervaporation, the flux of the ceramic composite membrane was shown to be $250.87g/m^2h$, which was higher than that of polymer composite membranes, at $195.64g/m^2h$. However, it was determined that the separation factor of the polymer composite membranes was 31.98 which were higher than that of the ceramic composite membranes, at 20.66.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.236-242
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• 2004

The critical micelle concentration (CMC) and the counterion binding constant (B) in a mixed micellar state of the Dodecylpyridinium chloride (DPC) with the Cetyldimethylethylammonium bromide (CDEAB) at 25$^{\circ}C$ in aqueous solutions of n-butanol were determined as a function of ${\alpha}_1$ (the overall mole fraction of DPC) by the use of electric conductivity method. Various thermodynamic parameters (($X_i,\;{\gamma}_i,\;C_i,\;a^M_i,\;{\beta},\;and {\Delta}H_{mix})$were calculated by means of the equations derived from the nonideal mixed micellar model. The effect of n-butanol on the mixed micellization of the DPC/CDEAB mixtures has been also studied by analyzing the measured and calculated thermodynamic parameters (CMC, B 및 $;{\Delta}G_o\;^m$).