• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2006

In this paper, the definition of mobile virtual network operator (MVNO), business situations of operators, regulations, and main benefits are analyzed to discuss the introduction of MVNO system in Korea. In addition to, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is performed to study the efficient business model for MVNO under the government's regulation. The three alternatives such as self-regulation, partial-regulation and full refutation are considered for the main criteria of competitiveness activation, investment increment, and economics.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Structure & Construction
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.147-152
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to derive priority improvement items through business expansion and efficient implementation for green remodeling business operator in order to enhance the activating of green remodeling business in a long-term perspective. For this purpose, survey of 128 business operator respondent is conducted based on 13 items. Also, priority improvements items were derived based on the results of the survey by using IPA(Importance Performance Analysis) techniques. As a result, In order to revitalize the green remodeling, it is necessary to induce market participation motivation through monetary profit. Additionally, The management of green remodeling business operator and the opinions of owners should be reviewed. In the future, the items that reflect the views of business operator and owners will be investigated and further research on improvements for expanding green remodeling 'interest subsidies on existing private buildings will be conducted.

• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.19-32
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• 2019

Purpose - Since the opening of Korea's distribution market, the domestic network marketing market has been continuing to grow. In this context, research on network marketing independent operators, which plays the most important role in the network marketing industry, is insufficient. This study was to identify the effects of Independent Operator's Company Selection Attributions on the Economic and Non-Economic Satisfaction, Trust, and Recommendation. The results will provide strategic direction, theoretical and practical implications for companies and operators in the network marketing industry. Research design, data, and methodology - In order to verify the research hypotheses, the data were collected from Independent Operators of Network marketing industry using questionnaires. The pretest was conducted from January 8 to 19, 2018, and the main survey was conducted from February 1 to 28. A total of 210 questionnaires, of which 193 copies were collected. The data were analyzed with SPSS 21.0. and AMOS 21.0. Results - The results are as follows; product competitiveness and system competitiveness have significant effects on economic satisfaction and non-economic satisfaction. Economic and non-economic satisfaction have significant effects on business trust. Economic and non-economic satisfaction did not influence recommendation intention directly, but influence it indirectly. Business trust has a significant effect on business recommendation intention. Conclusions - After starting network marketing business as an independent operator, the competitiveness of the company is meaningless, and product competitiveness and system competitiveness are important factors for economic and non-economic satisfaction. Therefore, network marketing companies and independent operators should prioritize product competitiveness and system competitiveness between business development. The findings show that trust in the business is very important for active business Recommendation to others. Therefore, network marketing firms and independent operators need to make efforts to meet economic and non-economic satisfaction, which have a significant impact on business trust.

• Journal of Distribution Research
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.81-101
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• 2012

A franchise system develops competitive products for a franchise store through the system established by the franchise head office. Therefore, it has advantages of expanding the marketing effect since the risk of failure is reduced for a founder and the franchise head office supports the overall sales, advertisement and promotional activities. Also, a franchise store has advantages of fulfilling necessary facilities and tools on advantageous terms, reducing expenses by purchasing in bulk, and getting a supply of products with stable qualities. However, aside from such advantages, franchise head offices are forcing franchise stores to make unnecessary investments in equipments and remodel the interior. Also, franchise business operators are being made to share the cost of marketing and multiple franchise stores are being approved within the same business district, and franchise business operators are suffering damages. Therefore, cases of shutting down a franchise store or not renewing the contract are frequent. From the position of a franchise head office, profits that are generated from franchise fees, interior remodeling fees and supplying facilities and materials will increase as the number of new franchise stores increases. However, franchise stores are faced with difficulties due to excessive competitions between similar types of businesses and the overlapping of business districts that come from increases in the number of stores, and they eventually end up shutting down. Therefore, in order for a franchise business operator and franchise head office to grow and develop continuously, opening new stores is important, but successfully renewing the contract by maintaining a relationship with an existing franchise business operator is desirable. In this aspect, a study that examines the elements that can affect the relationship between a franchise business operator and franchise head office is believed to be important for the development of the franchise industry and creating safe jobs for the public. With an emphasis on the relationship between a franchise head office and franchise store, this study attempted to examine the effect of characteristics of a franchise head office and franchise business operator on the bilateral relationship such as the faith and immersion, and wished to review the effects of such faith and immersion on the satisfaction of a franchise store, including an intention of renewing the contract. In particular, in the current situation of great uncertainties in the market, this study also wished to examine how uncertain market elements will affect the relationship between the characteristics of a franchise head office and franchise business operator, and the faith and immersion. The study revealed that among the characteristics of a franchise head office, the standardization management of a franchise head office hinders a franchise store's faith and immersion in a franchise head office. Also, a franchise head office's support was shown to increase a franchise store's faith and immersion. However, it was revealed that a franchise head office's regulation and incentive policies for a franchise store do not affect a franchise store's faith and immersion. Among characteristics of a franchise business operator, a franchise store's healthy financial status and entrepreneur spirits were shown to enhance the faith and immersion in a franchise head office. However, it was shown that excellent business abilities of a franchise business operator actually reduce the immersion for a franchise head office. Also, the faith and immersion in a franchise head office were shown to enhance the intention of renewing the contract by increasing the satisfaction for a franchise head office. In addition, it was originally believed that the effects of a franchise business operator's characteristics on the faith and immersion in a franchise head office will vary depending on the market uncertainty, but the effect of a franchise business operator's characteristics depending on the recognition of uncertainties was shown to be insignificant. Such findings show that instead of making a franchise store pay for equipment investments and marketing and obtaining profits by force, a franchise head office should actively support a franchise store so that a franchise store's business activities can be conducted well, which will bring profits to a franchise store and ultimately to a franchise head office. This is a more desirable direction for the development of both parties. Implications of such findings are summarized as follows. First, it was shown that a franchise head office's standardization management actually reduces a franchise store's faith and immersion. Therefore, it is believed that instead of conducting standardization managements for regulating and managing franchise stores, measures should be developed so that franchise stores can actually participate voluntarily. For this, a head office should put in efforts to develop and provide standardized manuals, and make sure that a self-review system takes root. Second, a franchise head office's incentives did not have significant effects on the faith and immersion, but the support was shown to be effective. Therefore, it can be seen that instead of taking post-measures for a franchise store, taking pre-measures of actively supporting is more effective in maintaining a franchise store. Third, among characteristics of a franchise head office, it was shown that a franchise store's healthy financial status increased the faith and immersion in a franchise head office. Therefore, when selecting a franchise business operator, instead of thoughtlessly opening up franchise stores for the profit of a head office, it is believed that reviewing a franchise business operator's financial firepower and credit status is necessary. As for academic implications, previous studies examined the relationship by focusing on the characteristics of a franchise head office and franchise store, but this study focused on the characteristics of a franchise business operator. Therefore, this study dealt with the importance of a franchise business operator's competence, and is significant because it revealed the fact that a franchise business operator's excellent commercialization ability can become an element that hinders the immersion in a franchise head office. It was originally believed that a franchise store's characteristics will have different effects on the faith and immersion depending on the market uncertainty, but it was shown that the effect of a franchise store's characteristics depending on the recognition of uncertainties was insignificant, and that is the limitation of this study.

• Honam Mathematical Journal
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.315-323
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• 2018

In this study, firstly we introduce generalized differential and integral operator, also using integral operator two classes are presented. Furthermore, some subordination results involving the Hadamard product (Convolution) for these subclasses of analytic function are proved. A number of consequences of some of these subordination results are also discussed.

• Journal of Information Technology and Architecture
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.303-321
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• 2012

Scenarios are an effective tool for supporting a company to be successful in its increasingly complex, changing business environment. They are especialy effective in dealing with uncertainties. This paper show how business managers or supervisors can develop scenario-based business strategies. This is explained by the case study of MVNO (Mobile Virtual Network Operator) in Korean mobile service market. In addition, we discuss on theoretical background of scenario- based management and describe the integration of scenarios into process of strategic management. This includes specific methodological approaches to identify the key factors and logics for scenario building, to develop new strategies.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.13-30
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• 2019

Parking lot within housing site contains public interest of relieving parking space shortage problem and subject to public restriction. If auctioned off at higher price by excessive competition in general competitive bid for land bidders, the development of parking lot will be made against its original purpose supply. The core issue is that a bid price is quite often to be blown out of proportion by 150%~ 250% due to extreme competition and, could face serious problem if a winning bidder runs sale business. If it is rental business, although about 30% of the total floor space of the whole building to be used as neighborhood facilities, too high winning bid price cause to lose transparency. In case of sale at aggregate buildings, most business operators would sell 30% of the neighborhood facilities, spare the parking lot and manages thereof separately. According to Aggregate Buildings Act, neighborhood facilities are allowed for individual registration and ownership of parking lot by business operator or designated person by business operator. In this case, the parking lot becomes 70% of the total floor space of the whole building and 70% of the land share which makes the mortgage very valuable and easier for business operator to get financial loan. There used to be many cases such as owners of neighborhood facilities (aggregate buildings partial owners) who run parking lot to repay their loan running parking lot to repay loan, but found that very tough and reached auction and relatively disadvantaged. For parking lot within housing site, it is recommend to exclude the public factors that land has and take into account of public restriction in area (housing site). Business opportunity for operators and protection of property rights for buyers in aggregate buildings, land supply method is recommended to replace from highest bid method into draw or private contract. In terms of price, supply at estimated price (construction price) and restriction on usage (Co-ownership of parking lot) proposals are submitted.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.41-52
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• 2021

It is important to understand the factors that affect the business performance of insect farm for continuous insect farm management. The purpose of this study is to investigate factors influencing the business performance of insect farm. For this study, 1,577 questionnaires were collected through a telephone survey targeting insect farm owner. As a result of analysis using linear multiple regression analysis, the factors affecting total sales were gender, age, business experience, number of workers, and national and local government support projects. The factors affecting the net profit rate were age, business experience, number of workers, national and local government support projects, and education. When the gender of the business operator is male, it only affected the increase in total sales, and it was found that both the total sales amount and the net profit margin increased with the younger the business operator's age.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.201-212
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• 2007

Genetic algorithms (GAs) are very useful methods for global search and have been applied to various optimization problems. They have two kinds of important search mechanisms, crossover and mutation. Because the performance of GAs depends on these operators, a large number of operators have been developed for improving the performance of GAs. Especially, many researchers have been more interested in a crossover operator than a mutation operator. The reason is that a crossover operator is a main search operator in GAs and it has a more effect on the search performance. So, we also focus on a crossover operator. In this paper we first investigate the drawback of various crossovers, especially subtour-based crossovers and then introduce a new crossover operator to avoid such drawback and to increase efficiency. Also we compare it with several crossover operators for symmetric traveling salesman problem (STSP) for showing the performance of the proposed crossover. Finally, we introduce an efficient simple hybrid genetic algorithm using the proposed operator and then the quality and efficiency of the obtained results are discussed.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.271-276
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• 2022

This study aimed to investigate microbial contamination of Dutch coffee in Gyeonggi province, South Korea. A total of 70 different Dutch coffee were purchased from an offline market (food service business operator). Two types of coffee were considered: "coffee made from food service business operator" and "coffee made from food manufacturer." The levels of total aerobic bacteria were 0.74-6.21 log CFU/mL in 15 samples and fungi were 0.70-4.00 log CFU/mL in 21 samples. Total aerobic bacteria was detected at higher levels in "coffee made from food service business operator" than in "coffee made from food manufacturer," and the difference was not significant. Three samples in "coffee made from food manufacturer" exceeded the standard for total aerobic bacteria. Escherichia coli, Coliform, and 12 types of foodborne bacteria were not detected in all samples. The extraction method detected no difference in cell counts of total aerobic bacteria and fungi. Therefore, to reduce microbial contamination of Dutch coffee, managing hygiene while maintaining the refrigeration temperature from the bean management stage to the sale process is crucial.