• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.13-19
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• 2012

Recently, as the importance of the interior noise in a ship cabin has risen, ship builders have becomeconcerned about the use of noise reduction panels to reduce cabin noise. The results of previous researches have been based on analytical and experimental methods using simple sandwich panels. However, panel structures are becoming more complex to improve the transmission loss. Thus, researches that analyze the transmission loss of a panel are reaching the limit of study. This paper reports on research that was performed to determine the sound transmission characteristics of multi-complex panels applicable to high value-added vessels. It presents comparisons between analytical methods and experimental results by using a mini-reverberant chamber with components of sound attenuation panels, including the core and surface materials. The sound transmission loss of multi-complex panels are also analyzed in terms of the influences of the inside perforate plates and air gap thickness on the attenuation. Finally, the multi-complex panel with the highest noise attenuation is proposed based on the analysis results and experimental results in mini-reverberant chamber, which wereverified using a real-size reverberant chamber.

• Journal of architectural history
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.77-98
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• 2011

The aim of this study is to identify the floor plan types of folk houses or traditional vernacular dwellings found in Nagan Folk Village located in Joellanamdo province. Examining the floor plans appeared among 36 vernacular folk houses presumably built in the 19th century in the village by means of the changes in the number of bays of Anche, the mail block of the house, the study was also able to construct a spatial compositional process of floor plan development. The floor plan examination revealed that the basic floor plan type in Nagan folk housing was '一' shape, a typical southern dwelling based on the existing classification. This basic type is consisted of three bays or rooms: Jeongji (kitchen), Anbang (large room), and Jageunbang (small room). New spaces or rooms are added to this three room house to expand the house as the residential functions become more complex, such as more living and storage spaces. The expansion appears to have two direction. On the one hand, it has been taken place by inserting Marea, an open wooden floor living space between Anbang and Jageunbang to meet the extended living demand. On the other, Jeongjibang, a second kitchen/storage has been attached to Jeongji outward for extra cooking and storage. This two-way expansion shows the trend of symmetric expansion between cooking, storing space and dwelling space. It can be implied that the arrangement of house rooms has been structurally formulated and shared by the farmer-builders in the 19th century in Nagan village who appeared to be influenced by fixed images for housing.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.163-172
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• 2009

As customers are becoming increasingly important in corporate management, there is a growing demand for migration to customer-focused organizational structures. Unlike the manufacturing industry, the construction industry is non-iterative and non-standardized. As a result, a wide variety of materials, human resources, technologies and equipment must be mobilized in complex work activities to complete a structure. Consequently, surprises are bound to occur as such work activities progress. This paper intends to study a strategy that is designed to improve customer services for apartment building units. It aims primarily to focus on cost control and brand management. Housing tenants and industry experts are surveyed to collect input for issue analysis. In addition, the external circumstances and internal capabilities of major builders in Korea are analyzed, and a SWOT analysis is performed regarding market conditions related to customer service. These analysis results are utilized to develop a strategy implementation plan over different time frames, and the operational resources available for such strategy implementation are analyzed in order to forecast its performance. This research will facilitate communication between construction companies in Korea and their customers by proposing a customer service improvement strategy for apartment building units, and is expected to provide resource material for a strategic analysis of efforts to fully incorporate customer requirements

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fashion and Beauty
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• v.4 no.4 s.10
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• pp.33-41
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate consumer's behaviors on the purchase and the laundering of baby's clothing according to washing machine types using by consumers. The subjects were 255 consumers with babies(0-2 years) in Korea. The data were collected using a self-administered questionnaire and analyzed using Chi-square test and multiple response analysis, and SPSS 12.0 statistics package was used. Consumers were separated into two groups according to washing machine types with general pulsator type and drum-type. Consumer's behaviors between general pulsator type group and drum-type group of washing machines were also examined. The Results of this study were as follows: 1. The purchase rate of baby's clothing was high compare to that of general clothing of family. The consumers with babies had priority on textile materials(cotton 100%) as baby's clothing. As for the consumer's behaviors between the purchase of baby's clothing and the consumer's characteristics, they showed a significant differences according to the consumer's characteristics like education level and washing machine types using by consumers. 2. The removal of soils including various foods was very important on the laundering of baby's clothing. Especially the rinsing of detergents was important on the laundering. Because they considered toxicity of detergents was high and harmful to the baby, and detergent's components such as surfactants, builders, and another additives could not removed completely with normal laundry courses by washing machines. 3. There were significant differences between general pulsator type group and drum-type group of washing machines on the purchase and the laundering of baby's clothing.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2006

The Korea built successfully e-Korea based on the best of internet infrastructure which was constructed in the world. Continually, Korea is constructing u-City for twenty-first century to enhance the quality of life and to grow up IT industrial. But there is no standard model for u-City because three main builders, central government, local autonomous entities, and communication carriers have respectively their objects, targets and domains. If u-City would be constructed by the common infrastructure for ubiquitous communication, it will be possible to provide any ubiquitous services and compatibility. And the communication infrastructure has to be reflected on the first stage of city planning to reduce high cost for u-City construction. This paper mentions firstly the ranges of communication infrastructure and shows how to construct it each range.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.110-120
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• 1994

The Quantitative analysis for collapsion probability of each construcion work has not been developed, despite of that the one for safety management itself has been reported, up to now. It is concluded that showing critical check points against structure collapsion due to each work at construction site, and Quantifying those could be useful Quality-assuring tool, not to prevent Quality failure. Risk classes of each work at construction site, classified by German Builders Mutual-Aid Association (GEBMAS), and by special instruction rates of Korea Insurance Development Institute, are introduced to compare with the results of this study. As of a study method, total 2,002 sheets of questionwares are distributed directly to new city development areas, which are called, Ilsan 110 points : Pundang 79points and Chungdong 38points, including additional Changwon 125sheets and pusan 60sheets, by four(4) people, for contact with actual site engineers. Total responses of 1,056 sheets, are collected. Interrelationship diagram between experience years of Engrs., and risk rate of responses are also classified, with the criteria of four(4) years. Domestic journals with relation to construction have reported that main building Structure collapsions are mainly shown on apartment buildings and office ones. These two(2) building structures are again classified as five(5) kinds of works. This study takes use of an approach on haying the risk rates for each construction work on the above individual construction work. Additionally, site investigations have been performed to find out any possible unreasonable check items, due to construction method ; Reinforced Concret structure, Pre cast Concrete structure, and Steel structure building. Developed Quality Assurance Analysis Form with the Quantitative danger class, resulted from this study, are verified as it is able to be a good efficiency tool against collapsion of building structures.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.823-832
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• 2011

Recently, as the project becomes larger and the number of project increases by the information system integration in the public and financial sectors, it is necessary to have a proper plan to manage the information system project. There have been many researches about the project management, success elements and failure elements, but the research on the interrelation between project management areas leaves much to be desired. This research deduces the scope, schedule, quality, work force and risk as the project management areas from the preceding research and the questionnaire and interview with PM developers, information system builders and data processing experts. And, it analyzes the interrelation and the relative importance between management areas, classifies the progress of the management areas under plan, implementation and completion stage and presents the frame to evaluate the accomplishment of each progress.

• ALGAE
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.85-99
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• 2018

Crustose calcareous algae (CCA) constitute one of the main reef builders on the Abrolhos Bank, Brazil. Once CCA taxonomy is locally understood, differences in growth-forms may be useful for the delimitation of taxa using characteristics such as the presence or absence of surface protuberances. Here, growth-forms were used to identify and quantify the most common CCA taxa on the shallow reefs (3-10 m) of the Abrolhos Bank to determine possible changes in the CCA community over a period of 10 years, and the ecological significance of CCA to local reefs was interpreted. The CCA assemblages were surveyed from 2006-2015 by using fixed photoquadrats at four sites in the inner (10-20 km from the mainland) and mid-shelf reefs (40-75 km from the mainland). The five most common CCA taxa were Pneophyllum conicum, the Lithophyllum kaiserii / Lithophyllum sp. complex, Melyvonnea erubescens, the Hydrolithon boergesenii / Porolithon onkodes complex and Peyssonelia sp. The overall mean CCA cover on the reefs was 20%. A comparison with a previous monitoring study in the same region indicated that the CCA cover nearly doubled from 2003-2008 to 2006-2015. This study reveals that the coral-killing species P. conicum dominated CCA flora on the shallow Abrolhos reefs in the last decade, and the local specific abundance of CCA slightly fluctuated over time and was species- and site-specific. The information obtained in this study contributes to the understanding of the ecology of the key calcifying components of the Abrolhos reefs and provides a useful baseline for exploring the responses of CCA to future environmental changes.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.718-724
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• 2017

Considerable efforts have been made to expand the boundaries of domestic offshore plant industries, which have focused on the construction of the structures, to the engineering field. On the other hand, time domain analysis, which is one of the most important areas in designing floating offshore plants, relies mainly on the information given by foreign companies. As an early design of the Dynamic Positioning System (DPS) is mostly conducted by several specialized companies, domestic ship builders need to spend time and money to reflect the analysis into the hull shape design. This paper presents the framework required to analyze time domain performance of floating type offshore structures, which are equipped with DPS. To easily perform time domain analysis, framework generates the required input data for the solver, and is modularized to test the control algorithm and performance of a certain DPS. The effectiveness of the developed framework was verified by a simulation with a model ship and the total time for the entire analysis work was reduced by 50% or more.

• Journal of Conservation Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.235-244
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• 2018

The forms of stone cultural properties vary depending on the purpose of construction. In general, pagodas and statues of the Buddha (including the Maebul) are representative of stone cultural properties and demonstrate important aspects of cultural history and scientific technology. The purpose for which cultural properties were constructed may influence construction technologies, so we must carefully think about and clearly understand the purpose of construction, namely the cultural and/or philosophical history, when conducting conservation treatments now. This may be examined through the relationship between "why?" and "how?": Why did the builders construct these stone cultural properties, and how did they use such technologies? We may be deeply impressed by the form and delicacy of the sculpture, which is the "how" aspect of the technologies, but we must also understand the effect of the "why." namely the soul and/or spirit of those who created the properties. The form of stone cultural properties may be influenced by (1) the political-social sphere, (2) religion, or (3) the cultural history of the period, which have changed over time. It is important that this is the view taken in current conservation treatment.