• 생약학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.205-209
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• 1972

Anti-inflammatory activity of crude drugs was evaluated by the albumin stabilizing activity test, according to the screening method of Mizushima et al., upon the randomly selected samples of 63 genus, 106 families, 123 species of plant. Almost every plant belonging to the families Araliaceae, Umbelliferae and Liliaceae showed strong stabilizing activity on the heat denaturation of bovine serum albumin, suggesting the presence of anti-inflammatory components in the plants.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.383-401
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• 2023

Camel milk has a significant and pivotal role in the diet of people residing in semi-arid and arid regions. Ever since ancient times, marketing of camel milk has remained insignificant due to nonexistence of processing amenities in the camel nurturing areas, hence the utilization of unprocessed camel milk has continuously remained limited at family level by the nomads. Due to the superior medicinal values and health promoting effects, incredible growth in the demand of camel milk and dairy products have been noticed all over the world during last two decades. Such emergence has led dairy industry to provide diversified camel dairy products to the consumers with superior nutritional and functional qualities. In contrast to bovine, very few food products derived from camel milk are available in the present market. With the advancements in food processing interventions, a wide range of dairy and non-dairy products could be obtained from camel milk, including milk powder, cheese, yogurt, ice cream, and even chocolate. In some regions, camel milk is used for traditional dishes such as fermented milk, camel milk tea, or as a base for soups and stews. Current review highlights the processing opportunities regarding the transformation of camel milk into various dairy products via decreasing the inherent functionality that could be achieved by optimization of processing conditions and alteration of chemical composition by using fortification method. Additionally, future research directions could be devised to improve the product quality.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.303-310
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• 2008

소의 혈액, 세포, 조직, 기관 등 소유래 물질을 원료로 사용한 생물의약품, 조직공학제제, 세포치료제의 경우 소유래 원료물질에 다양한 바이러스가 오염된 사례가 있기 때문에 바이러스 안전성 검증이 필수적이다. BPIV3는 동물 세포주, 우혈청 등에 가장 흔하게 오염되는 바이러스이다. 소유래 물질을 원료로 하는 생물의약품, 조직공학제제, 세포치료제 등에서 BPIV3 안전성을 확보하기 위해, 원료물질, 제조공정, 완제품에서 BPIV3를 정량적으로 검출하고, 제조공정에서 BPIV3 제거 검증을 위한 시험법으로 활용이 가능한 BPIV3 real-time RT-PCR 시험법을 확립하였다. BPIV3에 특이적인 primer를 선별하였으며, 형광염료 SYBR Green I을 사용하여 BPIV3 RNA 정량 검출 시험법을 최적화하였다. 세포배양법에 의한 감염역가와 비교한 결과 real-time RT-PCR 민감도는 2.8 $TCID_{50}/mL$이었다. 확립된 시험법의 신뢰성 (reliability)을 보증하기 위해 시험법 검증을 실시한 결과 특이성 (specificity)과 재현성 (reproducibility)이 우수함을 확인하였다. 확립된 real-time RT-PCR을 생물의 약품 제조공정 검증에 적용할 수 있는지 확인하기 위하여 인위적으로 BPIV3를 오염시킨 CHO 세포주와 소유래 콜라겐에서 BPIV3 검출 시험을 실시하였다. BPIV3를 감염시킨 CHO 세포와 세포배양 상청액에서 BPIV3를 정량적으로 검출할 수 있었다. 소유래 콜라겐에서도 7.8 $TCID_{50}/mL$ 까지 정량적으로 검출할 수 있었다. 위와 같은 결과에서 확립된 BPIV3 real-time RT-PCR 시험법은 생물의약품 안전성 보증을 위한 세포주 검증, 생물의약품 생산 공정 검증, 바이러스 제거 공정 검증 등에서 감염역가 시험법과 같은 생물학적 시험법을 대신할 수 있는 신속하고, 특이성과 민감성이 우수한 시험법임을 확인하였다.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2000

This study was carried out to simultaneous determination of penicillin G and chloramphenicol in livestock products by HPLC. The results obstained were as follows; 1. Penicillin G and chloramphenicol were analyzed by HPLC on symmetry $C_{18}$ column with acetonitrile-0.1 M phosphate buffer containing 0.0157 M thiosulfate (25 : 75) as mobile phase at UV 325nm and 280nm, respectively. 2. Samples were applied to a SeP-Pak $C_{18}$ cartridge, from which eluted penicillin derivatized with 2 M 1,2,4-triazole containing 0.001 M mercuric chloride. 3. The average recovery rates of penicillin G and chloramphenicol were 81.8% and 80.3%, respectively, and the detection limits were 5 ppb (5$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg: 7.9IU/kg) for penicillin G and chloramphenicol in porcine and bovine muscle.

• 대한바이러스학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.181-189
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• 1996

Fecal samples of calf diarrhea were taken on farms in Jeju island, rotavirus was isolated and cytopathic effect (CPE) was determined after infection to MA104 cell. Morphological evaluation on electron microscopy proved it as rotavirus. Also, its infection to MA104 cell was reidentified using a fluorescence antibody method. Genotype of Jeju island bovine rotavirus (JBR) analyzed through PAGE was 4: 2: 3: 2 pattern, which was unique in bovine and that analyzed through general PAGE was somewhat different from NCDV, UK, KK3, A5-3A, 61A, B223 and similar to N stool-5, N culture-5 and Kawatabi (Japan). By titration after plaquing, the level was $1-3\;{\times}\;10^6\;PFU/ml$, which was lower than those of NCDV and UK. Electrophoresis analysis of RNA-RNA hybridization, ELISA, and first and second PCR products of VP7 and VP4 in 1% agarose ($TAE+1{\mu}l$ EtBr) revealed that the rotavirus was a serotype of G6P11.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제35권4호
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• pp.459-465
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• 2015

Bovine milk provides essential nutrients, including immunologically important molecules, as the primary source of nutrition to newborns. Recent studies showed that RNAs from bovine milk contain immune-related microRNAs (miRNA) that regulate various immune systems. To evaluate the biological and immunological activity of miRNAs from milk products, isolation methods need to be established. Six methods for extracting total RNAs from bovine colostrums were adopted to evaluate the isolating efficiency and expression of miRNAs. Total RNA from milk was presented in formulation of small RNAs, rather than ribosomal RNAs. Column-combined phenol isolating methods showed high recovery of total RNAs, especially the commercial columns for biofluid samples, which demonstrated outstanding efficiency for recovering miRNAs. We also evaluated the quantity of five immune-related miRNAs (miR-93, miR-106a, miR-155, miR-181a, miR-451) in milk processed by temperature treatments including low temperature for long time (LTLT, 63℃ for 30 min)-, high temperature for short time (HTST, 75℃ for 15 s)-, and ultra heat treatment (UHT, 120-130℃ for 0.5-4 s). All targeted miRNAs had significantly reduced levels in processed milks compared to colostrum and raw mature milk. Interestingly, the amount of immune-related miRNAs from HTST milk was more resistant than those of LTLT and UHT milks. Our present study examined defined methods of RNA isolation and quantification of immune-specific miRNAs from small volumes of milk for use in further analysis.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.207-213
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• 2020

Cryopreservation is used for blastocyst preservation of most mammalian embryos and is an important technique for breeding. We aimed to compare the efficiency of the cryopreservation method using the standard Cryotop device and the ReproCarrier device, a domestic product manufactured in Korea. The efficacy of the two devices was analyzed based on the survival rate, intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and apoptosis of the vitrified bovine blastocysts. The survival rates of the vitrified-warmed blastocysts were similar between the ReproCarrier group (58.4 ± 17.7%) and Cryotop group (59.9 ± 14.1%). Intracellular ROS levels and apoptotic index were determined by DCFDA staining and TUNEL assay. Changes in intracellular ROS levels, number of total nuclei, and cellular apoptosis of vitrified blastocysts after cryopreservation were not significantly different between the two groups. These results indicate that the ReproCarrier device method is as effective as the standard Cryotop method for vitrification of bovine blastocysts in vitro.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.22-28
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• 2003

Increasing conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) content in dairy products has been a research Interest due to the potential health benefits resulted from consuming CLA. Attempts were made to obtain high level natural CLA containing fatty acid fractions from milk fat through bovine feeding of sunflower oil (SO) and urea fractionation. SO feeding changed the fatty acid profile of milk fat. increasing the CLA content five-fold at eight weeks of trial. Milk fat obtained from S0-fed cows was hydrolyzed to free fatty acids, which were then fractionated with urea at various ratios. The profiles of fatty acids were also greatly influenced by urea fractionation. Long-chain unsaturated fatty acids, Including CLA, were concentrated in milk fat after the fractionation, whereas saturated long-chain counterparts were eliminated. The highest level of CLA was achieved by the fractionation at 2:1 urea/fatty acid ratio (UFR2). CLA level was elevated 2.5-fold, and the Cl8:1/C18:0 fatty acid ratio was increased 120 times after the fractionation. The level of CLA in high CLA-milk fat (24mg/g fat) obtained from the feeding study was further increased through urea fractionation up to 52mg/g fat, 10 folds as high as CLA in the control milk fat (5mg/g fat).

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.123-131
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• 1994

An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) was developed for the detection of residual gentamicin(GM) in edible animal products. The immunogen(GM-KLH conjugate) and coating antigen(GM-BSA conjugate) were prepared by coupling GM sulfate to keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH) and bovine serum albumin(BSA) in the presence of 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide hydrochloride, respectively. Polyclonal antibody to GM was produced in rabbits(New Zealand White, female) by using the immunogen and the antibody titer was measured by indirect ELISA. A competitive ELISA was developed using GM-bovine serum albumin conjugate as a coating antigen, GM(as standards or sample), polyclonal antibody to GM, secondary antibody conjugated with horseradish peroxidase as an enzyme, and H2O2 and o-phenylenediamine dihydrochloride as a substrate and a chromophore, respectively. The detection limit of GM was 10 ng/ml and the standard curve of GM(n=26) was linear up to 10 $\mu\textrm{g}$/ml in this competitive ELISA system. There were no cross-reactivities of the partially purified antibody between GM and the various antibiotice such as amikacin, benzyl-penicillin, chloramphenicol, erythromycin, furazlidone, kanamycin, neomycin, oleandomycin, streptomycin, sulfathiazole and thiamphenicol(CR50<0.05%)

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.307-314
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• 2009

The aim of the present study was to investigate whether Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) is present in this country and to analyze the Global BSE Risk (GBR) status in Bangladesh. A total of 2,000 brain samples were collected from cattle older than 30 months of age, slaughtered for human consumption in the district slaughter houses from 2005 to 2006. The brainstem (obex), Pyriform lobe, cerebrum and cerebellum were subjected to histopathological study. Samples that showed some nonspecific lesions were subjected to immunohistochemistry and only brain stem to ELISA for the detection of abnormal prion protein $PrP^{sc}$. In passive surveillance, annual overall diseases of cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats in Bangladesh were collected from Department of Livestock Services (DLS), Dhaka to investigate the occurrences of neurological diseases. Import related data were collected from "National Export Promotion Bureau" Kawran Bazar, Bangladesh Bank and DLS to analyze the importing products of animal origin (cattle, buffalo, sheep and goats) from different countries to find whether or not the imported products posed any risk for the BSE. In an actire surveillance conducted in slaughter house, histopathologically BSE specific lesions were not detected in any of the brain samples, but other nonspecific lesions were observed. No $PrP^{sc}$ was detected from the samples by immunohistochemistry and ELISA. DLS report also supported the absence of BSE in cattle and buffalo and scrapie in sheep and goats in Bangladesh. It was also clearly recorded that Bangladesh imported livestock products from countries in GBR level I and II but not from countries in GBR level III and IV. From this study it apparently seems that BSE is not currently present in the indigenous animals in Bangladesh and poses no or negligible risk to human and animal health.