• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제8권6호
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• pp.655-661
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• 2014

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects and associated mechanisms of arctiin, a lignan compound found in burdock, on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. Also, the effects of arctiin supplementation in obese mice fed a high-fat diet on adiposity were examined. MATERIALS/METHODS: 3T3-L1 cells were treated with arctiin (12.5 to $100{\mu}M$) during differentiation for 8 days. The accumulation of lipid droplets was determined by Oil Red O staining and intracellular triglyceride contents. The expressions of genes related to adipogenesis were measured by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot analyses. For in vivo study, C57BL/6J mice were first fed either a control diet (CON) or high-fat diet (HF) to induce obesity, and then fed CON, HF, or HF with 500 mg/kg BW arctiin (HF + AC) for four weeks. RESULTS: Arctiin treatment to 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes markedly decreased adipogenesis in a dose-dependent manner. The arctiin treatment significantly decreased the protein levels of the key adipogenic regulators $PPAR{\gamma}$ and $C/EBP{\alpha}$, and also significantly inhibited the expression of SREBP-1c, fatty acid synthase, fatty acid-binding protein and lipoprotein lipase. Also, arctiin greatly increased the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and its downstream target phosphorylated-acetyl CoA carboxylase. Furthermore, administration of arctiin significantly decreased the body weight in obese mice fed with the high-fat diet. The epididymal, perirenal or total visceral adipose tissue weights of mice were all significantly lower in the HF + AC than in the HF. Arctiin administration also decreased the sizes of lipid droplets in the epididymal adipose tissue. CONCLUSIONS: Arctiin inhibited adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 adipocytes through the inhibition of $PPAR{\gamma}$ and $C/EBP{\alpha}$ and the activation of AMPK signaling pathways. These findings suggest that arctiin has a potential benefit in preventing obesity.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.194-199
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• 2014

본 연구는 표고버섯 물추출물의 항비만 효과를 알아보기 위하여 6주령의 수컷 C57BL/6 마우스를 이용하여 고지방식이와 함께 표고버섯 물추출 분말을 1%, 3%, 5% 수준으로 첨가하여 12주간 공급하였다. 고지방 식이섭취는 체중, 혈청지질 농도 및 지방조직 무게를 증가시켰다. 표고버섯 물추출물 섭취는 고지방식이로 증가된 혈청 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, LDL-콜레스테롤 농도를 현저히 감소시켜 대조군보다 더 낮은 값을 나타냈다. 또한 5% 표고버섯 물추출물 첨가군은 고지방 식이군보다 체중 및 피하지방량이 현저히 감소하였다. 변배설량은 3%와 5% 표고버섯 물추출물 첨가군에서 고지방 식이군보다 현저히 증가하였다. 표고버섯 물추출물 섭취는 고지방식이로 인해 증가된 간조직의 지방축적과 지질과산화물 형성을 억제하였으며, 특히 5% 표고버섯 물추출물 섭취군에서 지질과산화물 형성이 유의적으로 감소되었고 총 항산화 활성도 유의적으로 가장 높게 나타났다. 고지방식이군은 간조직의 조직염색에서 지방간이 심하게 진행된 것이 발견되었고, 표고버섯 물추출물 섭취군은 지방세포에 지방이 침투하지 않은 간지방증 소견을 보였다. 위의 결과를 통하여 볼 때 표고버섯은 체중 및 체지방 감소, 그리고 혈청지방 농도 개선에 효과가 있어 비만관리에 도움을 주는 것으로 사료된다.

• 운동영양학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.22-27
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• 2019

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOC) between different types of exercises in women with normal weight obesity (NWO). [Methods] Nine university students with NWO having body mass index <25 kg/m² and body fat percentage >30% participated in the study. First, continuous exercise (CEx) on an ergometer for 30 minutes at 60% of maximal oxygen consumption (VO_2max) and interval exercise (IEx) at 80% VO_2max for 2 minutes were performed. This was followed by exercise performed at 40% VO_2max for 1 minute and at 80% VO_2max for 3 minutes, performed 6 times repeatedly for a total of 26 minutes. The accumulation of short duration exercise (AEx) was performed for 3-bouts of 10 minutes each at 60% VO_2max. [Results] The major findings were as follows: energy consumption during the exercises showed no significant difference between CEx, IEx, and AEx; EPOC was higher in IEx and AEx as compared to CEx for all dependent variables (e.g. total oxygen consumption, total calorie, summation of heart rate, and EPOC duration); and the lipid profile showed no significant difference. [Conclusions] Our study confirmed that when homogenizing the energy expenditure for various exercises in NWO individuals, EPOC was higher in IEx and AEx than in CEx. Therefore, IEx and AEx can be considered as effective exercise methods for increasing energy expenditure in NWO females.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.428-434
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• 1990

꿀벌부채명나방의 난소가 지방체에서 합성한 난황전구물질(vitellogenin)을 흡수,저장하는 과정을 추적하기 위하여$^3$H-leucine을 이용하여 방사능으로 표지된 난황전구물질을 지방체세포에서 합성,분리한후 성숙중인 난소와 함께 배양함으로써 난황전구물질의 이동경로를 조사하였다. 표지된 난황전구물질은 여포세포를 통과하거나 여포세포간극을 통하여 난모세포에 접근하였고 원형질막을 투과하여 난황과립에 도달하였다. 배양시간이 오래 경과된 난모세포일수록 표지 된 난황과립을 많이 포함하였다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2003

Purpose : This study examined the effect of Tongbiyeum (TBY) on rats with fatty livers. Methods : After administration of TBY extracts to rats with fatty livers, body weight, liver weight, serum, cholesterol, TG, HDL-cholesterol were measured, and histopathological changes were observed. Results : In proportion to density, TBY decreased liver weight and serum TG levels and suppressed fat accumulation and liver cell death, but increased serum HDL levels in comparison with those of controls. Conclusion : TBY might be considered to be used to control fatty liver by inhibiting absorption and storage of TG.

• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.229-243
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• 2023

The rising prevalence of obesity and diabetes is a significant health concern both in globally and is now regarded as a worldwide epidemic. Added sugars like sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) are a major concern due to their link with an increased incidence of diet-induced obesity and diabetes. The purpose of this review is to provide insight into the effects of natural sweeteners as alternatives to sucrose and HFCS, which are known to have negative impacts on metabolic diseases and to promote further research on sugar consumption with a focus on improving metabolic health. The collective evidences suggest that natural alternative sweeteners have positive impacts on various markers associated with obesity and diabetes, including body weight gain, hepatic fat accumulation, abnormal blood glucose or lipid homeostasis, and insulin resistance. Taken together, natural alternative sweeteners can be useful substitutes to decrease the risk of obesity and diabetes compared with sucrose and HFCS.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권8호
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• pp.937-944
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 한천식이섬유(Diet fiber of agar)가 지방과 포도당대사에 미치는 효과를 연구하고자, 고지방사료(High fat diet, HFD)를 급여한 C57BL/6 마우스에 한천함유음료(beverage contained agar, BCA)를 9주 동안 투여하고 지방축적, 지질농도, 인슐린농도 등의 변화를 분석하였다. 식이섭취효율은 HFD+BCA 처리그룹에서 유의적으로 감소하였지만, 체중과 식이섭취량은 HFD+BCA 처리그룹에서 일정하게 유지되었다. 또한, 지방조직과 간조직에서 지방의 축적은 HFD+Vehicle처리그룹에 비하여 HFD+BCA 처리그룹에서 낮게 관찰되었다. 더불어, BCA 처리후에 유의적인 변화는 total cholesterol (TC)과 LDL에서 관찰되었지만, HDL의 농도는 BCA처리에 의해 변화가 없었다. 인슐린의 농도는 HFD+BCAMi 처리그룹과 비교하여 HFD+BCALo과 HFD+BCAMi 처리그룹에서 유의적으로 감소하였다. 따라서 이러한 결과는 한천식이섬유의 장기간 투여는 고지방사료를 급여한 동물에서 지방축적, 혈청내 지방프로파일, 인슐린농도의 개선을 유도할 수 있음을 제시하고 있다. 또한, 이러한 결과는 한천식이 섬유를 함유하는 음료는 혈청내 지질과 인슐린 작용을 유도할 수 있음을 제시하고 있다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.49-55
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• 2017

The prevalence of obesity has noticeably increased worldwide over several decades with various complication. Even though anti-obesity drug treatments have been spotlighted by resulting in effective mean weight losses, its adverse effects cannot be overlooked. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of multi-frequency whole body vibration, one of the mechanical stimulus, as a countermeasure against obesity. Thirty-two-6-week-old C57BL/6J male mice were equally assigned to four groups: the Control group (CON, n = 8), the Sham group (Sham, n = 8), the sham with single frequency whole body vibration (S+V, n = 8), and the sham with multi frequency whole body vibration (S+MV, n = 8). After 4 weeks, morphologic changes in the adipose tissue were evaluated from three-dimensional images using in vivo micro-computed tomography. At 4 weeks, the volume of the abdominal adipose tissue, which had the highest value in Sham group, noticeably reduced in S+MV group compared to it in S+V group. These results implied that the accumulation of abdominal adipose tissue can be effectively reduced through applying multi-frequency whole body vibration.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제21권11호
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• pp.1586-1591
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 중국산 산사자(Crataegus fructus) 추출물의 항비만 효과를 확인하기 위하여 3T3-L1 지방세포와 고지방식이(high fat 45% cal)로 비만이 유도된 ICR mouse를 이용하여 실험을 수행하였다. 3T3-L1 지방세포에 중국산 산사자 메탄올 추출물을 0-2,000 ug/ml의 농도범위로 처리하였을 때 200 ug/ml과 400 ug/ml의 농도에서는 대조구와 큰 차이를 나타내지 않았으나 600-2,000 ug/ml의 농도범위에서는 지방세포 내 중성지방이 10-25% 감소하였다(p<0.05). 실험동물인 3주령의 수컷 ICR mice (n=24)는 실험구별로 6마리씩 4군(T0: 정상식이, T1: 고지방식이, T2: 고지방식이와 산사자추출물 50 ug, T3: 고지방식이와 산사자추출물 100 ug)으로 나누어 5주 동안 시험하였으며 고지방식이군인 T1군의 증체량(3.9${\pm}$0.24 g)은 정상식이군인 T0군(2.56${\pm}$0.14 g)보다 높게 나타났으나 고지방식이군과 중국산 산사자 메탄올 추출물을 함께 급여한 T2군(3.02${\pm}$0.25 g)과 T3군(2.58${\pm}$0.16 g)의 증체량은 고지방식이만 급여한 T1군과 비교하였을 때 유의적으로 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 실험동물의 간 무게는 T0군보다 T1군과 T2군에서 높게 나타났으나 T3군에서는 유의적으로 감소하였으며(p<0.05) T1과 T2의 신장 무게는 T0보다 낮게 나타났으나 T3군의 신장 무게는 T0군과 유사하게 나타났다(p<0.05). 고지방식이와 중국산 산사자메탄올 추출물을 급여한 T2군과 T3군의 혈청 내 총 콜레스테롤 함량과 중성지방 함량도 고지방식이만을 급여한 T1군보다 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.14-23
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• 2016

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is caused by fat accumulation and is associated with oxidative stress. In this study, we investigated the potential protective effect of pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) peel extract (PPE) against oxidative stress in the liver of rats with NAFLD. Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD), 20% corn oil, or palm oil for 8 weeks in the presence or absence of PPE. The control group was fed a basal diet. The progression of NAFLD was evaluated histologically and by measuring liver enzymes (alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase), serum lipids (triglycerides and total cholesterol), and oxidative stress markers. The HFD feeding increased the body weight and caused NAFLD, liver steatosis, hyperlipidemia, oxidative stress, and elevated liver enzymes. Administration of PPE ameliorated the hepatic morphology, reduced body weight, improved liver enzymes, and inhibited lipogenesis. Furthermore, PPE enhanced the cellular redox status in the liver tissue of rats with NAFLD. Our findings suggest that PPE could improve HFD-induced NAFLD via abolishment of hepatic oxidative damage and hyperlipidemia. PPE might be considered as a potential lead material in the treatment of NAFLD and obesity through the modulation of lipid metabolism.