• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2016

Based on residents' survey data in Seoul, this study attempts to empirically answer to four research questions regarding neighborhood relations (NR) which are necessary for community building: How important NR is compared to other social relations, what factors establish NR, how large NR's geographical extent is, and what are major meeting places among neighbors. A series of statistical analyses demonstrates that characteristics of NR vary greatly by family life cycle. In the stage of couple without child, NR has no significant meaning. NR becomes important from the stage of child care, and it is formed through the medium of children, particularly children's schools in the stage of child of elementary school as well as secondary schools. As the result, NR's geographical boundary extends beyond residential block or multi-family housing (apartment) estate while cafe and restaurant serve as dominant meeting places in these life cycle stages. On the contrary, after children are married and leave home, casual encounters resulted from spatial proximity become an important cause of NR. Likewise neighbors' geographical distribution is relatively concentrated within residential block or apartment estate, while community facilities play a role of meeting places as originally planned and designed.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.181-187
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• 1988

Since the introduction of epidural corticosteroid injections for the management of sciatica, lumbosacral radiculopathy has become one of the most common pain problems encountered by anesthesiologists. In order to function effectively, anesthesiologists should be able to: (1) recognize those syndromes which may respond to nerve block; (2) understand the pathophysiology of the conditions being treated and (3) be familiar with alternate therapeutic pathways for patients not responding to merre block. There are many etiologic factors of low back pain and lumbosacral radiculopathy. Particularly, Nerve root compression caused by a protruding disc, a osteophyte or tumors are usually responsible for pain. Neural inflammation, therefore, is considered to play a major role in pain production. The use of local anesthetics in mixture with steroids is believed to break down neural inflammation. Steroids and local anesthetics were injected lumbar or caudal epidmal to 106 patients for the purpose of relieving low back pain and lumbosacral radiculopathy. The results are as follows: Excellent pain relieved group: 27 patients (25.5%) Good pain relieved group: 49 patients (46.1%) Fair pain relieved group: 15 patients(14.2%) Not effective group: 15 patients(14.2%).

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.11-18
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• 2019

This paper explores desirable status of block chain electronic government in relation to the prevention of cybercrimes and corruption. After the research, we suggest four measures to establish desirable status of block chain electronic government. Eventually, transparency is ensured thanks to the core concept of block chain technology, sharing, not only allowing all of the participants to share information and but also preventing them from forging or falsifying information. Furthermore, a wide variety of participants can play a role as monitors in the horizontal structure of governance system, which also assures credibility and reliability on electronic government through trust on block chain itself. Electronic government aims at virtue of expanded electronic democracy which strengthens information democracy. Also, establishment of electronic governance, that emphasizes networking and guarantees, is a desirable image of the future of the fourth industrial revolution. Therefore, the establishment of future electronic government according to the four principles drawn from this paper can be the most suitable model.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.5
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• pp.419-422
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• 2010

Objective : To analyze the clinical outcomes of computed tomography (CT) fluoroscopy-guided selective neve root block (SNRB) for severe arm pain caused by acute cervical disc herniation. Methods : The authors analyzed the data obtained from 25 consecutive patients who underwent CT fluoroscopy-guided SNRB for severe arm pain, i.e., a visual analogue scale (VAS) score of 8 points or more, caused by acute soft cervical disc herniation. Patients with chronic arm pain, motor weakness, and/or hard disc herniation were excluded. Results : The series comprised 19 men and 6 women whose mean age was 48.1 years (range 35-72 years). The mean symptom duration was 17.5 days (range 4-56 days) and the treated level was at C5-6 in 13 patients, C6-7 in 9, and both C5-6 and C6-7 in 3. Twenty-three patients underwent SNRB in 1 session and 2 underwent the procedure in 2 sessions. No complications related to the procedures occurred. At a mean follow-up duration of 11.5 months (range 6-22 months), the mean VAS score and NDI significantly improved from 9 and 58.2 to 3.4 and 28.1, respectively. Eighteen out of 25 patients (72%) showed successful clinical results. Seven patients (28%) did not improve after the procedure, and 5 of these 7 underwent subsequent anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Conclusion : CT fluoroscopy-guided SNRB may play a role as a primary conservative treatment for severe arm pain caused by acute cervical disc herniation.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.48
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• pp.193-222
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• 2017

In this study, I examined the relationship between the pattern of Tungp'o (東坡体)'s characters play, Paza(破字) and Nanji(難字), Iruiimyo(異類異名) the Chinese characters play, developed in the Edo period in Japan. I found out the following. First, Nanji and Iruiimyo's method of Chinese character transformation is like Tungp'o(東坡体)'s characters play and Paza(破字), that is to make an analysis of Chinese character. For example, to extend or shorten to character's length, and to increase or reduce the character's size. And, I also found out there is no block type characters play in Nanji and Iruiimyo. Second, I also found that the similarity of the method of Chinese character transformation between the pattern of Tungp'o(東坡体)'s characters play, Paza(破字) and Nanji(難字), Iruiimyo(異類異名). The method of to flip character (180 degrees) and to letting character lie down (90 degrees) is very similar each other. But there is no method to make incline of character (45 degrees) in Nanji and Iruiimyo. Third, I found that the method to extract part of character also exists in Chinese and Japanese characters play. And, I also found that the method to decompose characters in half from the pattern of Tungp'o(東坡体)'s characters play, but I can't find this method from Nanji and Iruiimyo. To decompose characters in half is very like the method of paja. So, we can understand that Nanji and Iruiimyo is located in the middle stage of the pattern of between Tungp'o(東坡体)'s characters play and Paza(破字).

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.830-840
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• 2015

The H-bridge inverter is the fundamental power cell of the cascaded distribution static synchronous compensator (DSTATCOM). Thus, cell reliability is important to the compensation performance and stability of the overall system. The concept of the power electronics building block (PEBB) is an ideal solution for the power cell design. In this paper, an H-bridge inverter-based “plug and play” HPEBB is introduced into the main circuit and the controller to improve the compensation performance and reliability of the device. The section that discusses the main circuit primarily emphasizes the design of electrical parameters, physical structure, and thermal dissipation. The section that presents the controller part focuses on the principle of complex programmable logic device -based universal controller This section also analyzes typical reliability and anti-interference issues. The function and reliability of HPEBB are verified by experiments that are conducted on an HPEBB test-bed and on a 10 kV/± 10 Mvar DSTATCOM industrial prototype.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2003

This research investigated young children's social interaction and task performance in dyadic collaboration. The independent variables were gender and social skill level(high/low groups). Twenty-four pairs each 4-year-old boys and 4-year-old girls(total 96 subjects) worked at a block reconstruction. Two researchers judged degree of dyadic collaboration. Data were processed by 2 way ANOVA and Pearson's product correlation. While no main effect for gender was found, the effect for social skill level(high/low groups)was significant for social interaction. There was positive correlation between social interaction and task performance.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2004.11c
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• pp.231-233
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• 2004

Queuing is waiting lines which play routing service when packet entered. Queuing is decide how and whom is going to provide priority service. This is kind of first in first out(FIFO) or weighted fair queuing(WFQ) method. In this study, UDP design using WFQ way to serve to provide service evenly and rapidly in network. Also in actuality internet, datagram analyzed by packet captured. Queuing services through the requesting port number, input, output, output queuing creation & delete, message request by internet control message protocol(ICMP). Queuing designed in control block module, input queues, input/output module composition. In conclusion, I have confirm queuing result of WFQ method by the datagram information analyzed.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.983-986
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• 2007

In this paper, we addressed the IEEE 1451.x that can organize a sensor network for efficient measurement system. IEEE 1451 provides standard interface, specification and Object model for example Network Capable Application Processor(NCAP), Transducer Electronic Data Sheet(TEDS), Smart Transducer Interface Module (STIM) and so on. Especially IEEE 1451.2 defines the TEDS Formats and STIM. The TEDS makes transducer to be used independently from device. NCAP makes the component of measurement system to be handled as an object. Therefore each function block constructs system by using Add-on. IEEE 1451.x can be expend the system with Add-on and Plug-and-Play by using smart sensor and connected with current network. We expect that this method can provide the efficiency and convenience when using the measurement system.

• Journal of Institute of Convergence Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2019

Matrix multiplication is a fundamental mathematical operation that has numerous applications across most scientific fields. In this paper, we presents a parallel GPU computation algorithm for dense matrix-matrix multiplication using OpenGL compute shader, which can play a very important role as a fundamental building block for many high-performance computing applications. Experimental results on NVIDIA Quad 4000 show that the proposed algorithm runs about 208 times faster than previous CPU algorithm and achieves performance of 75 GFLOPS in single precision for dense matrices with matrix size 4,096. Such performance proves that our algorithm is practical for real applications.