• 대한전자공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전자공학회 2003년도 하계종합학술대회 논문집 Ⅳ
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• pp.2056-2059
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• 2003

The rate control is very important to solve the difficulties arising from bit-rate on transmission through channel and to improve video quality. It is very important to point out that the amount of output bit obtained the encoding process using rate controller brings many problems on the transmission of channels and furthermore output bitstream decoded affects directly on the visual quality of displayed subject. In this paper, the effective rate control algorithm by rate-distortion modeling using MPEG-4 encoder is proposed. The proposed rate control has applied different weighting by VOP prediction type and even in the same VOP prediction type, the predicted reference allocates more bit. Through these bit allocation the minimization of distortion can be achieved preventing propagation of quantization error The amount of saved bitstream obtained by the proposed algorithm in this thesis is allocated to I-VOP using region of interest(ROI) selective enhancement on the next GOV encoding process and this process brought the improvement of visual quality.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2016

In this paper, a novel rate control scheme for low delay video coding of High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC) is proposed. The proposed scheme is developed by considering a new temporal prediction structure of HEVC. In the proposed scheme, the relationship between bit rate and quantization step is exploited firstly to formulate an accurate quadratic rate-quantization (R-Q) model. Secondly, a method of determining the quantization parameters (QPs) for the first frames within a group of pictures is proposed. Thirdly, an accurate frame-level bit allocation method is proposed for HEVC. Finally, based on the proposed R-Q model and the target bit allocated for the frame, the QPs are predicted for coding tree units by using rate-distortion (R-D) optimization. We compare our scheme against that of three other state-of-the-art rate control schemes. Experimental results show that the proposed rate control scheme can increase the Bjøntegaard delta peak signal-to-noise ratio by 0.65 dB and 0.09 dB on average compared with the JCTVC-I0094 and JCTVC-M0036 schemes, respectively, both of which have been implemented in an HEVC test model encoder; furthermore, the proposed scheme achieves a similar R-D performance to Wang's scheme, as well as obtaining the smallest bit rate mismatch error of all the schemes.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.103-113
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• 2010

In this paper, a tradeoff between the total energy consumption-per-bit and the end-to-end rate under spatial reuse in wireless multi-hop network is developed and analyzed. The end-to-end rate of the network is the number of information bits transmitted (end-to-end) per channel use by any node in the network that is forwarding the data. In order to increase the bandwidth efficiency, spatial reuse is considered whereby simultaneous relay transmissions are allowed provided there is a minimum separation between such transmitters. The total energy consumption-per-bit includes the energy transmitted and the energy consumed by the receiver to process (demodulate and decoder) the received signal. The total energy consumption-per-bit is normalized by the distance between a source-destination pair in order to be consistent with a direct (single-hop) communication network. Lower bounds on this energy-bandwidth tradeoff are analyzed using convex optimization methods. For a given location of relays, it is shown that the total energy consumption-per-bit is minimized by optimally selecting the end-to-end rate. It is also demonstrated that spatial reuse can improve the bandwidth efficiency for a given total energy consumption-per-bit. However, at the rate that minimizes the total energy consumption-per-bit, spatial reuse does not provide lower energy consumption-per-bit compared to the case without spatial reuse. This is because spatial reuse requires more receiver energy consumption at a given end-to-end rate. Such degraded energy efficiency can be compensated by varying the minimum separation of hops between simultaneous transmitters. In the case of equi-spaced relays, analytical results for the energy-bandwidth tradeoff are provided and it is shown that the minimum energy consumption-per-bit decreases linearly with the end-to-end distance.

• 전자공학회논문지B
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• 제33B권2호
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• pp.88-94
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• 1996

In this paper, we present a half rate speech coder using trellis excitation. The coder combines code-excited linear prediction (CELP) system and trellis quantization method using the codebook expansion, and it produces higher speech quality than the typical CELP coder for the same transmission rate. A subjective comparison with 3~8 bit .$\mu$-law PCM indicates that the half rate coder provides speech quality between 5-bit and 6-bit $\mu$-law PCM .

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 1997년도 학술대회
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• pp.181-186
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• 1997

Transcoding is the key technique to further reduce the bit-rate of a previously compressed video. The performance of the transcoding is evaluated by the two factors, the accuracy on the target bit-rate and the complexity of the implementation. In this paper, were propose a new rate control algorithm which has very accurate bit-rate control performance and much smaller computational complexity. For the accuracy problem, we empirically observe the relationship between the quantization step size and generated bits in requantization process and then find that the relationship can be characterized as the new piece-wise linear model. For the complexity problem, we reduce the role of feedback rate control. The simulation results show that the proposed method gives the better performance in the accuracy with the same picture quality than conventional rat control algorithm.

• 한국군사과학기술학회지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.111-120
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• 2012

Built-In-Test is a design feature in more and more advanced weapon system. During development test and evaluation(DT&E) it is critical that the BIT system be evaluated. The BIT system is an integral part of the weapon system and subsystem. Built-In-Test assists in conducting on system and subsystem failure detection and isolation to the Line Replaceable Unit(LRU). This capability reduces the need for highly skilled personnel and special test equipment at organizational level, and reduces maintenance down-time of system by shortening Total Corrective Maintenance Time. During DT&E of weapon system the objective of BIT system evaluation is to determine BIT capabilities achieved and to identify deficiencies in the BIT system. As a result corrective actions are implemented while the system is still in development. Through the use of the reiterative BIT evaluation the BIT system design was corrected, improved, or updated, as the BIT system matured.

• 자연과학논문집
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.77-82
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• 1996

영상을 텍스처와 같은 성질의 영역으로 세그멘트 함으로써 새로운 very low bit rate 세그멘테이션 영상코딩 기술을 제안한다. 영역은 Human Visual System(HVS) 과 프락탈 특성을 이용하여 3 가지의 다른 텍스처 크래스(인간이 인지한 상 인텐셔티 (크라스 I), 부드러운 텍스처 (크라스 II) 및 거칠은 텍스처 (크리스 III) 중 1 가지로 구분한다. Very low bit rate 영상코더를 설계하기 위해 각각의 텍스처 크라스에 대해 nonoverlap과 overlap 세그멘테이션 방법을 결정하는 것이 중요하다. 좋은 화질을 갖는 재생영상은 여러 종류의 영상에 대해서 약 0.10에서 0.21비트/피셀에서 얻는다.

• 대한전자공학회논문지SP
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• 제42권5호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2005

지금까지 적용되었던 MPEG(Motion Picture Expert Group)기반의 워터마크(watermark) 기법들은 새로운 압축 표준 H.264/AVC의 달라진 부호화 방식으로 인하여 H.264/AVC에 그대로 적용되기에는 많은 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 논문에서는 이전의 압축표준에 사용되었던 DCT(Discrete Cosine Transform)기반의 워터마크 기법이 H.264/AVC에 적용 되었을 때 발생 할 수 있는 문제를 분석하였으며, 그 결과를 영상왜곡 및 비트율(bit-rate) 변화의 측면에서 연구 하였다. 기존의 MPEG-2 사용 되었던 DCT기반 워터마크 기법들이 H.264/AVC에 적용되었을 때 H.264/AVC 부호화의 큰 특징인 인트라(intra) 부호화 및 CAVLC(Context Adaptive Variable Length Coding)의 영향으로 인하여 PSNR은 모든 QP(Quantization Parameter)에 대하여 평균 28.17 dB 감소 되었으며, 비트율은 모든 QP에 대하여 평균 56.71 % 증가 하였다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.462-470
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• 2005

We propose a multi-rate and multi-BEP transmission scheme using adaptive overlapping pulse-position modulator (OPPM) and optical power controller in optical code division multiple access (CDMA) networks. The proposed system achieves the multi-rate and multi-BEP transmission by accommodating users with different values of OPPM parameter and transmitted power in the same network. The proposed scheme has advantages that the system is not required to change the code length and number of weight depending on the required bit rate of a user and the difference of bit rates does not have so much effect on the bit error probabilities (BEPs). Moreover, the difference of transmitted powers does not cause the change of bit rate. We analyze the BEPs of the four multimedia service classes corresponding to the com­binations of high/low-rates and low/high-BEPs and show that the proposed scheme can easily achieve distinct differentiation of the service classes with the simple system configuration.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 1997년도 학술대회
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• pp.187-190
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• 1997

Test Model15, which is used widely for the MPEG-2 bit rate control, has several problems such as non-unform picture quality, scene change and buffer underflow. Therefore, various algorithms have been developed to solve these problems. In this paper, we study various algorithms for the MPEG-2 bit rate control and compare their performances using software simulations. We also propose a new bit rate control strategy based on coded types of macroblocks within a picture.