• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.837-842
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to develop bathing aids as a strategic products to promote the medical tourism in Sancheong Jirisan Oriental medicinal herbs special district using medicinal herbs produced in Sancheong province, and to verify the effect of the bathing aids in vitro. We investigated the cytotoxicity activity, antioxidant activity, antiaging and whitening effects of Sanchung-PNU 1 (SP1) and Sanchung-PNU 2 (SP2) made with traditional medicinal herbs. The cytotoxicity activity was measured by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging capacity assay. We measured the inhibitory effect against tyrosinase activity to prove the whitening effect, and the inhibitory effect against elastase activity to prove the anti-aging effect. Two proposed prescriptions, SP1 and SP2, showed not significant cytotoxicity but significant (p<0.001) improvement in anti-oxidation, anti-wrinkle, and whitening effects compared to the control group. The result shows that these bathing aids have excellent DPPH radical scavenging effect and significant inhibitory effect against elastase and tyrosinase activity. These findings suggest that these bathing aids have a strong antioxidant, anti-aging, and whitening effect.

• 한국생명과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생명과학회 2005년도 제45회 학술심포지움 및 추계학술대회
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• pp.93-93
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• 2005

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.603-607
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of Carthami Flos on interstitial cells of Cajal in the gastrointestinal tract. Many regions of the tunica muscularis of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract display spontaneous contraction. These spontaneous contractions are mediated by periodic generation of electrical slow waves. Recent studies have shown that the interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) act as pacemakers and conductors of electrical slow waves in gastrointestinal smooth muscles. We investigated the cytotoxicity activity, antioxidant activity, and pacemaking activity. The cytotoxicity activity was measured by MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay. Antioxidant activities were determined by DPPH (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging capacity assay and DCFH-DA (2,7-dichlorofluorescein diacetate) method. The effects of Carthami Flos on the pacemaker potentials in cultured ICCs from murine small intestine were investigated by using whole-cell patch-clamp techniques at $30^{\circ}C$. The addition of Carthami Flos (5, 10, $30{\mu}g$/ml) depolarized the resting membrane potentials in a concentration dependent manner. These results suggest that the GI tract can be targets for Carthami Flos, and their interaction can affect intestinal motility.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.466-470
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of Carthami Flos in some kinds of human gastric cancer cells. We used two kinds of human gastric cancer cell lines, such as AGS cells and MKN45 cells. We examined cell death by MTT assay and observed the morphological changes with Carthami Flos. Also, we showed that the combination of sub-optimal doses of Carthami Flos and cisplatin noticeably suppresses in AGS cells and doxorubicin in MKN45 cells. Furthermore, we studied the caspase 3 activity to identify the apoptosis. Therefore, our findings provide insight into unraveling the effects of Carthami Flos in human gastric cancer cells and developing therapeutic agents against gastric cancer.

• 한국한의학연구원논문집
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.129-134
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effects of Carthami Flos in some kinds of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. Method : We used two kinds of human colorectal adenocarcinoma cell lines, such as HT-29 and WiDr cells. We examined cell death by MTT assay and observed the morphological changes with Carthami Flos. Result : We showed that the combination of sub-optimal doses of Carthami Flos and cisplatin noticeably suppresses in HT-29 cells and doxorubicin in WiDr cells. Furthermore, we studied the caspase 3 activity to identify the apoptosis. Conclusion : Our findings provide insight into unraveling the effects of Carthami Flos in human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells and developing therapeutic agents against colorectal cancer.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.55-61
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• 2013

Objective: Ulmi Pumilae Cortex (UPC) is a deciduous tree with uneven pinnate leaves and is classified as a subfamily of Ulmuceae and contains many pharmacologically active constituents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of UPC on the growth and survival of AGS cells, the most common human gastric adenocarcinoma cell lines. Methods: The AGS cells were treated with varying concentrations of UPC. Analyses of the sub G1, caspase-3 activity, and mitochondrial depolarization were conducted to determine whether AGS cell death occured by apoptosis. Furthermore, to identify the role of the transient receptor potential melastatin (TRPM) 7 channels in AGS cell growth and survival, we used human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 cells overexpressed with TRPM7 channels. Results: The addition of UPC to a culture medium inhibited AGS cell growth and survival. Experimental results showed that the sub G1, caspase-3 activity, and mitochondrial depolarization were increased. Furthermore, TRPM7 channel overexpression in HEK 293 cells exacerbated UPC-induced cell death. Conclusion: These findings indicate that UPC inhibits the growth and survival of gastric cancer cells due to a blockade of the TRPM7 channel activity. Therefore, UPC is a potential drug for treatment of gastric cancer, and TRPM7 channels may play an important role in survival in cases of gastric cancer.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.314-321
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• 2015

Background: Ginseng belongs to the genus Panax. Its main active ingredients are the ginsenosides. Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs) are the pacemaker cells of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. To understand the effects of ginsenoside Re (GRe) on GI motility, the authors investigated its effects on the pacemaker activity of ICCs of the murine small intestine. Methods: Interstitial cells of Cajal were dissociated from mouse small intestines by enzymatic digestion. The whole-cell patch clamp configuration was used to record pacemaker potentials in cultured ICCs. Changes in cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) content induced by GRe were investigated. Results: Ginsenoside Re ($20-40{\mu}M$) decreased the amplitude and frequency of ICC pacemaker activity in a concentration-dependent manner. This action was blocked by guanosine 50-[${\beta}-thio$]diphosphate [a guanosine-5'-triphosphate (GTP)-binding protein inhibitor] and by glibenclamide [an adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-sensitive $K^{+}$ channel blocker]. To study the GRe-induced signaling pathway in ICCs, the effects of 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (a guanylate cyclase inhibitor) and RP-8-CPT-cGMPS (a protein kinase G inhibitor) were examined. Both inhibitors blocked the inhibitory effect of GRe on ICC pacemaker activity. L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester ($100{\mu}M$), which is a nonselective nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, blocked the effects of GRe on ICC pacemaker activity and GRe-stimulated cGMP production in ICCs. Conclusion: In cultured murine ICCs, GRe inhibits the pacemaker activity of ICCs via the ATP-sensitive potassium ($K^{+}$) channel and the cGMP/NO-dependent pathway. Ginsenoside Re may be a basis for developing novel spasmolytic agents to prevent or alleviate GI motility dysfunction.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.366-371
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• 2006

참가사리의 항산화효과를 측정하기 위해 ROS와 RNS 제거활성을 측정하였다. ROS 제거활성 측정결과 GTMM층과 GTMB층이 positive control로 사용한 trolox와 유사한 높은 제거능을 보였고, $ONOO^-$ 제거능은 그 효과가 미약하였으나 GTMM 층에서 나타났으며 NO 제거활성 역서 GTMM층과 GTMB층에서 약한 효과가 관찰되었다. 따라서 본 실험의 결과 GTMM 층에서 ROS 제거 활성의 효과가 높았으며 다음으로 GTMB층에서 효과를 보여 GTMM층과 GTMB층에 활성산소 제거효과를 가지는 물질이 있는 것으로 사료되어진다. Paper disc method를 이용한 항균활성 효과 실험결과, Serratia marcescens가 모든 층에서 높은 항균력을 보였으며 Proteus mirabilis에서도 GTMA층을 제외한 모든 층에서 항균효과를 보였다. 사용한 모든 균주에서 각각 항균력의 차이는 있으나 전체적으로 GTMB 층과 GTMM 층에서 높은 항균활성을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이 연구결과를 토대로 참가사리의 항산화 및 항균활성물질에 대한 단계적인 분리 동정이 이루어져 GTMM 층과 GTMB 층의 생리활성물질 개발이 기대되는 바이다.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.89-101
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• 2016

Objectives In human, there is a diversity in the breathing pattern, for instance inspiratory and expiratory time, volume, breathing frequency, and breath-to-breath variation. Expecially, respiratory variability can provide important information about breathing regulation and physiological flexibility. it is significant to not only breathing index but also physiological index.Methods Thus this paper reviews the literature on respiratory variability with the aim of clinical application.Results We could find the interrelationships and respiratory variability between emotions, psychopathy, sighing, mental and physical activity.Conclusions As a result, respiratory variability can serve an important physiological index in the clinical area and reflects how our bodies act in diverse environments under various condition.

• 대한한의진단학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.72-82
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• 2005

Background and purpose: Bell‘s Palsy is a condition that causes the facial muscles to weaken or become paralyzed. It's caused by trauma to the 7th cranial nerve, and is not permanent. The aim of this study is to be convinced of differences between facial electrodermal activities of paralyzed side and those of normal side in acute stage of Bell's Palsy patients Methods: Electrodermal activity (EDA) was performed within 1 week after the onset of facial palsy and facial nerve electromyography (EMG) at 2 weeks after the onset. The recovery of facial nerve function was documented by House and Brackmann grading. All the patients were followed up weekly until recovery or up to 6 weeks. Results: There was significant differences (conductivity A: t=3.319, p=0.002; conductivity C: t=2.699, p=0.010) between facial electrodermal conductivities of paralyzed side and those of normal side in acute stage of Bell's Palsy patients (N=45). And the result showed that logarithmic scale of electrodermal conductivity A value ratio obviousely decreased with logarithmic scale of EMG zygomatic branch amplitude ratio (r=-0.472, p=0.143); logarithmic scale of capacitance B, logarithmic scale of EMG temporal branch amplitude ratio (r=-0.422, p=0.133); logarithmic scale of conductivity C, logarithmic scale of EMG buccal branch amplitude ratio (r=-0.545, p=0.083) (N=12). Conclusion: Electrodermal conductivities increased in paralyzed facial side in acute stage of Bell's Palsy patients.