• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.162-174
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• 2023

In order to prevent water pollution caused by organic matter, Total Organic Carbon(TOC) has been adopted indicator and monitored. TOC can be divided into Dissolved Organic Carbon(DOC) and Particulate Organic Carbon(POC). POC is largely precipitated and removed during stream flow, which making DOC environmentally significant. However, there are lack of studies to define spatio-temporal distributions of DOC in stream affected by various land use. Therefore, it is necessary to estimate the past DOC concentration using other water quality indicators to evaluate status of watershed management. In this study, DOC was estimated by correlation and regression analysis using three different organic matter indicators monitored in mixed land-use watersheds. The results of correlation analysis showed that DOC has the highest correlation with TOC. Based on the results of the correlation analysis, the single- and multiple-regression models were developed using Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD), and TOC. The results of the prediction accuracy for three different regression models showed that the single-regression model with TOC was better than those of the other multiple-regression models. The trend analysis using extended average concentration DOC data shows that DOC tends to decrease reflecting watershed management. This study could contribute to assessment and management of organic water pollution in mixed land-use watershed by suggesting methods for assessment of unmeasured DOC concentration.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제112권1호
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• pp.93-104
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• 2023

고령화로 인해 기대수명이 높아지고 있으며, 다양한 노인성 질병 등의 문제가 증가하고 있다. 본 연구의 목적은 산림치유 활동이 노인에게 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 체계적으로 문헌을 분석하여 노인 대상 산림치유 활동 확대를 위한 기초자료를 제공하는 것이다. 문헌 수집을 위해 국내는 RISS, KISS, Korea Med, Science On, 국외는 PubMed, Cochrane central, MDPI, Google Scholar를 이용하였다. 수집된 문헌의 방법론적인 질적 평가를 위해 코크란 그룹의 RoB2와 RoBANS를 이용하여 비뚤림 평가를 진행하였다. 2000년부터 2022년 1월 사이에 게재된 노인 대상 산림치유 활동의 연구 논문으로 한정하여 총 1,856편에서 최종 21편의 문헌을 선정하였다. 대상자는 60세 이상이며, 선정된 문헌의 참가자는 최소 7명에서 최대88명으로 총 750명이 참가하였다. 분석결과, 각 지표에서 가장 많이 수행된 검사는 심리지표에서 우울 7편, 인지지표에서 MMSE(Mini Mental State Examination) 2편, 생리지표에서 혈압 4편, 생화학지표에서 멜라토닌 2편, 신체지표에서 체지방과 근력 3편으로 나타났다. 총21편의 연구 중 19편의 연구가 2가지 이상의 검사항목을 사용하였으며, 심리적 지표를 가장 많이 측정하였다. 향후 노인대상 산림치유 활동의 적용을 위해서는 인지기능 예방의 산림치유 프로그램이 다양하게 개발 및 보급되어야 하며, 산림치유 활동에 대한 근거를 제공하기 위해 후속연구는 지속적으로 제시되어야 한다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.235-242
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• 2007

The effects of Jujubae Fructus and Licorice extracts on the main components of Sijotang Euphorbiae Kansui Radix, Daphinis Genkwa Flos, Euphonrbiae Pekinensis Radix (KWD) treatment [KWD decoction (KWDD) and KWD powder (KWDP)] related toxicities were examined in the kidney and the liver. To select more suitable extract which effectively reduce KWD-treatment related toxicities in the body, blood biochemical and histopathological changes induced by KWD were analyzed in the rats which received treament of KWD + Jujubae Fructus or KWD + Licorice. In the present study, no KWD-treatment related blood biochemical and histopathological change in the liver was detected. However, increase of tubules containing hyaline casts and atrophic tubules in the kidney was detected as the indicators of KWDD treatment related nephrotoxicity. Addition of Jujubae Fructus (KWDDJ) or Licorice (KWDDL) extracts effectively inhibited the nephrotoxcity induced by KWDD treatments. More ameliorated effects were acquired by addition of Jujubae Fructus extract (KWDDJ) than Licorice (KWDDL). In KWDP treatment, there was no significant difference in the number of tubules containing hyaline casts in all drug treated groups compared to normal or control group except for high dose of KWDP. Both of Jujubae Fructurs and Licorice reduced high dose of KWDP treatment related nephrotoxicity, and there was no significant difference between KWDPJs and KWDPLs. It is concluded that addition of Jujubae Fructus is more suitable than Licorice in reducing the nephrotoxicty of KWDD, also it is more suitable to taking Sipjotang in the form of powder than decoction.

• 농약과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.69-77
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• 2012

내분비계교란물질이 수서생물에 미치는 영향을 평가하기 위하여 미꾸리를 저농도의 methomyl에 21일 동안 노출시켜 생물지표 및 내분비계 영향을 평가하였다. 내분비계교란물질에 대한 노출을 입증하기 위해 널리 이용되는 생물지표인 vitellogenin(VTG)은 21일 동안 0.4 mg/L와 2 mg/L methomyl에 노출된 수컷과 0.08 mg/L, 0.4 mg/L, 2 mg/L의 methomyl에 노출된 암컷에서 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가하여(p<0.05), methomyl의 수생태계 생물에 대한 내분비계교란 가능성을 확인하였다. Acetylcholinesterase(AChE) 시험 및 comet assay에서는 methomyl에 노출시킨 미꾸리로부터 AChE 활성 저해와 DNA 손상을 확인한 반면, 7-ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase(EROD) 활성에 대한 대조군과 처리군의 차이는 나타나지 않았다(p<0.05). 개체수준의 생물지표인 condition factor(CF), 간중량지수(hepato-somatic index, HSI), 생식소중량지수(gonado-somatic index, GSI)는 methomyl 노출에 의해 영향을 받지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 현재의 연구결과를 종합해 볼 때, methomyl의 수서생물에 대한 내분비계교란 가능성 및 생화학적 생물지표에 대한 영향을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.940-955
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to compare the degree nutrient intake, health status and other characteristics of females aged 65 years and over in a longevity area according to family arrangement. For analysis, 585 female elderly were recruited from the Kugoksoondam area (Kurye, Goksung, Soonchang and Damyang counties), known as the longevity-belt region in Jeonla province, Korea. The subjects were categorized into three groups according to family arrangement (living alone, living with spouse only and living with family). Demographic characteristics were collected, as well as information on physical measurements, blood tests for biochemical indicators, health status and health-related life style, dietary behavior, favorite food groups, consumption frequency of food groups, nutrient intake and mini nutrition assessment. In the group living with their spouse only, the highest education, physical activity, diverse food intake, frequency of eating meats and fish, energy and nutrients intake, and score on the mininutrient status assessment (MNA) were found to be significantly favorable factors. Taken together, these results demonstrated that the group living with their spouse only had relatively superior nutrient intake and the quality of diet. In contrast, the group living alone showed the lowest self-rated economic status, diversity of food intake, and physical activity, with the highest frequency of drinking, smoking and regular exercise for almost everyday compared with the other groups. On the other hand, those living with family demonstrated the lowest intake of supplements or functional foods, and levels of hemoglobin hematocrit MCH, but the highest HBA1c and blood sugar. Therefore, the group living with family was assumed to be at risk of anemia and diabetes. These results could be useful to plan effective strategies to increase the health-life expectancy of Korean elderly people living in rural areas, according to family arrangement.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.91-98
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• 2023

본 논문에서는 자체 제작한 움직임 팬텀을 이용하여 다양한 호흡모사를 하고, PET/CT 장비 내의 데이터기 기반 보정프로그램을 적용하여 영상을 획득하고, 영상의 SUVmax 및 병변 부피를 분석하여 호흡에 따른 장기 또는 종양의 움직임으로 인한 인공물의 감소효과를 확인하였다. 이동거리 3 cm에서 데이터 기반 게이팅을 적용한 영상이 데이터 기반 게이팅을 적용하지 않은 영상보다 SUVmax가 팬텀 구의 지름이 10 mm, 13 mm, 17 mm, 22 mm, 28 mm, 37 mm에서 각각 2.37, 2.02, 1.44, 1.20, 0.42, 0.52 향상시키는 것으로 나타났고, 향상률로 표시하면 각각 72.5%, 73.3%, 51.3%, 25.8%, 8.6%, 7.2%이었다. 크기가 작은 병소의 SUVmax의 개선효과가 크게 나타났다. 데이터 기반 게이팅을 적용하지 않았을 때에 비하여 적용하였을 때에 1 cm, 2 cm, 3 cm에서 각각 5%, 12%, 18%의 영상의 면적이 감소하는 개선효과가 있었고, 그리고 움직임에 의한 인공물이 클 때 감소 효과도 커졌다. 데이터 기반 게이팅을 적용하면 검사절차가 간소화되고, 사술자의 피폭선량 감소효과와 더불어 호흡으로 인한 인공물을 감소시켜 영상의 질을 개선할 수 있음을 확인하였다.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권2호
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• pp.155-161
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• 2016

Toxoplasma gondii is an important opportunistic pathogen that causes toxoplasmosis, which has very few therapeutic treatment options. The most effective therapy is a combination of pyrimethamine and sulfadiazine; however, their utility is limited because of drug toxicity and serious side effects. For these reasons, new drugs with lower toxicity are urgently needed. In this study, the compound, (Z)-1-[(5-nitrofuran-2-yl)methyleneamino]-imidazolidine-2,4-dione (nitrofurantoin), showed anti-T. gondii effects in vitro and in vivo. In HeLa cells, the selectivity of nitrofurantoin was 2.3, which was greater than that of pyrimethamine (0.9). In T. gondii-infected female ICR mice, the inhibition rate of T. gondii growth in the peritoneal cavity was 44.7% compared to the negative control group after 4-day treatment with 100 mg/kg of nitrofurantoin. In addition, hematology indicators showed that T. gondii infection-induced serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels, biochemical parameters involved in liver injury, were reduced by nitrofurantoin significantly. Moreover, nitrofurantoin exerted significant effects on the index of antioxidant status, i.e., malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH). The nitrofurantoin-treated group inhibited the T. gondii-induced MDA levels while alleviating the decrease in GSH levels. Thus, nitrofurantoin is a potential anti-T. gondii candidate for clinical application.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.755-764
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• 2017

The current review seeks to highlight the concerns that have been raised on pre-slaughter stress, contributing factors and its consequent effects on cattle behavioural responses and the quality of beef; inter-linking the activities involved from birth to slaughter. Such information is crucial in light of the consumer concerns on overall animal welfare, quality of meat and food security. Slaughter animals are exposed to different conditions during production and transportation to abattoirs on a daily basis. However; the majority of studies that have been done previously singled out different environments in the meat production chain, while conclusions have been made that the welfare of slaughter animals and the quality of meat harvested from them is dependent on the whole chain. Behaviour is a critical component used to evaluate the animals' wellbeing and it has been reported to have an effect on product quality. Apart from the influence of on-farm, transportation and abattoir conditions, the genetic background of the animal also affects how it perceives and responds to certain encounters. Stress activates the animals' hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal activity, triggering release of various stress hormones such as catecholamines and cortisol, thus glycogen depletion prior slaughter, elevated ultimate pH and poor muscle-meat conversion. Pre-slaughter stress sometimes results to cattle attaining bruises, resulting to the affected parts of the carcass being trimmed and condemned for human consumption, downgrading of the carcass and thus profit losses.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2009

The seasonal reproductive cycle of Gomphina melanaegis collected in the coastal area of Jumunjin, between April 2006 and March 2007, was analyzed. Maturation cycle parameters such as the gonad index (GI), ovarian egg diameter, frequency of developmental stages, protein content, and RNA/DNA variation in the gonads were analyzed monthly for the 40 samples. According to the indices from histological sections, the frequency of gonad developmental stages, and the oocyte diameter, this clam has a long-term partial spawning pattern from March to October. However, GI and nucleic acid values showed that the mature stage is from March to July and that the main spawning season is August. The peak RNA and DNA contents were good indicators of sexual maturation in females and males, respectively. The variation in protein content corresponded with the RNA/DNA ratios.

• 생물정신의학
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.219-224
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• 2017

Objectives This study sought to investigate the relationship between age, sex and alterations in levels of % carbohydrate-deficient transferrin (%CDT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) in patients admitted with alcohol dependence. Methods The study retrospectively enrolled 187 patients who were diagnosed with alcohol dependence according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fourth edition (DSM-IV) and were admitted into a closed ward in Hallym University Hangang Sacred Heart Hospital from 2009 to 2012 and Hallym University Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital from 2012 to 2017. Demographic factors (age, sex) and biochemical markers [%CDT, GGT, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), aspartate transferase (AST), alanine transferase (ALT)] were collected by reviewing medical records. Alterations in the levels of %CDT and GGT in different groups for each demographic factor were compared after correcting for confounding variables (age, initial %CDT, GGT, MCV, AST, ALT). Results Decreased %CDT and GGT were observed during the period of abstinence after admission. The normalization period for %CDT increased with age, while the normalization period for GGT was longer in female patients. Conclusions These results suggest that alcohol-dependent patients that vary in age have different alterations in %CDT, while different sexes have different alterations in GGT. Age and sex can be potential indicators of treatment response after abstinence in patients with alcohol dependence. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between these factors with regards to physiological and hematological changes in alcohol dependence.