• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.277-281
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• 1990

The isolation and identification of an antibacterial component, from Polygoni Radix against a cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans OMZ 176, were carried out for development of anticariogenic agents. The bioactive component was identified to be emodin. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of emodin was $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ against S. mutans OMZ 176. The bioactive component emodin weakly inhibited ${\beta}-lactamase$ activity with the inhibition ratio of 1.7, 4.3 and 7.6% at the concentration of 50, 100, and 200 uM, respectively. Emodin exhibited slight phototoxicity when analysed by the photohemolysis method.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.5
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• pp.731-738
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• 2019

Endophytic fungi are an important component of plant microbiota, and have the excellent capacity for producing a broad variety of bioactive metabolites. These bioactive metabolites not only affect the survival of the host plant, but also provide valuable lead compounds for novel drug discovery. In this study, forty-two endophytic filamentous fungi were isolated from Ficus elastica leaves, and further identified as seven individual taxa by ITS-rDNA sequencing. The antimicrobial activity of these endophytic fungi was evaluated against five pathogenic microorganisms. Two strains, Fes1711 (Penicillium funiculosum) and Fes1712 (Trichoderma harzianum), displayed broad-spectrum bioactivities. Our following study emphasizes the isolation, identification and bioactivity testing of chemical metabolites produced by T. harzianum Fes1712. Two new isocoumarin derivatives (1 and 2), together with three known compounds (3-5) were isolated, and their structures were elucidated using NMR and MS. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited inhibitory activity against Escherichia coli. Our findings reveal that endophytic fungi from the rubber tree F. elastica leaves exhibit unique characteristics and are potential producers of novel natural bioactive products.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.106-111
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• 1990

The isolation and identification of an antibacterial component, from the leaves of Liriodendron tulipifera. K. Kotch against a cariogenic bacterium Streptococcus mutans OMZ 176, were carried out for developing of anticariogenic agents. The bioactive component was elucidated as ${\beta}-liriodenolide$, which was isolated newly from the leaves of L. tulipifera. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ${\beta}-liriodenolide$ was $100\;{\mu}g/ml$ and the antibacterial activity was stronger than that of berberine. ${\beta}-Liriodenolide$ inhibited ${\beta}-lactamase$ activity, 50, 100 and $200\;{\mu}M$ ${\beta}-liriodenolide$ did ${\beta}-lactamase$ activity as 0.7, 3.5 and 19.7%, respectively. The toxicity of ${\beta}-liriodenolide$ was not found with the method of photohemolysis.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.80-99
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• 2016

Objectives : Instrumental chemical analysis was utilized to investigate the effect of Add-Omit-Saenghyeoryunbu-eum(AO-SHU) on diabetic treatment. One of the most exciting, yet also controversial, arguments is the safety and biological mechanisms of the natural medicine on human body. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide a better understanding on bioactive chemical components, hazards of heavy metal contamination and biological mechanism of the diabetic medicine composed of 12 different natural herbs. Methods : To study bioactive compound and metallic component in the diabetic medicine in detail, LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography-Mass/Mass), GC (Gas Chromatography) and ICP (Inductively Coupled Plasma) were utilized to characterize the extract of the diabetic medicine and the result was compared with 18 marker substances selected from literature survey. In addition, in vitro assay experiments including GPR 119 activity and human DGAT-1 inhibition, and OGTT (Oral Glucose Tolerance Test) were performed to verify the effectiveness of this medicine on diabetic treatment. Results : Out of 18 marker substances, 9 bioactive compounds were identified from LC-MS/MS analysis which include Citruline, Catalpol, Berberine, Ginsenoside Rb1, Ginsenoside Rg1, Oleanolic acid, β-Sitosterol, Mangiferin, and Schizandrin. ICP study on 245 residual pesticides revealed that 239 species were not detected but 6 species, Dimethomorph, Trifloxystrobin, Pyraclostrobin, Isoprocarb, Carbaryl and Flubendiamide, while the amounts are trace levels, below permitted concentrations. The biological activity was observed in vitro assay and Oral Glucose Tolerance Test(OGTT), which are consistent with a preliminary clinical test result, a drop in blood sugar level after taking this herbal medicine. Conclusions : Instrumental chemical analysis using LC-MS/MS, GC, and ICP was conducted successfully to identify bioactive compounds in AO-SHU for the treatment of diabetes, finding 9 bioactive compounds. Furthermore, in vitro assay experiments and OGTT show that AO-SHU has its biological activities, which imply that it can be a candidate for the future diabetes remedy.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.3293-3297
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• 2014

Background: Pine needle oil from crude extract of pine needles has anti-tumor effects, but the effective component is not known. Methods: In the present study, compounds from a steam distillation extract of pine needles were isolated and characterized. Alpha-pinene was identified as an active anti-proliferative compound on hepatoma carcinoma BEL-7402 cells using the MTT assay. Results: Further experiments showed that ${\alpha}$-pinene inhibited BEL-7402 cells by arresting cell growth in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, downregulating Cdc25C mRNA and protein expression, and reducing cycle dependence on kinase 1(CDK1) activity. Conclusion: Taken together, these findings indicate that ${\alpha}$-pinene may be useful as a potential anti-tumor drug.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.346-355
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• 2021

Ngoc Linh ginseng is one of the most valuable endemic medicinal herbs in Vietnam. In this study, Ngoc Linh ginseng callus was fermented by Lactobacillus plantarum ATCC 8014 (at 6, 7, and 8 log CFU/ml) to evaluate the extraction efficiency of bioactive compounds. The post-fermentation solution was spray-dried using maltodextrin with or without Stevia rebaudiana (3% and 6% v/v) as the wall material. Bioactive compounds such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, and total saponins, and L. plantarum viability during fermentation and after spray-drying, as well as under simulated gastric digestion, were evaluated in this study. The results showed that probiotic density had a significant effect on bioactive compounds, and L. plantarum at 8 log CFU/ml showed the best results with a short fermentation time compared to other tests. The total content of polyphenols, polysaccharides, and saponins reached 5.16 ± 0.18 mg GAE/g sample, 277.2 ± 6.12 mg Glu/g sample, and 4.17 ± 0.15 mg/g sample, respectively after 20 h of fermentation at the initial density of L. plantarum (8 log CFU/ml). Although there was no difference in the particle structure of the preparation, the microencapsulation efficiency of the bioactive compound in the samples containing S. rebaudiana was higher than that with only maltodextrin. The study also indicated that adding S. rebaudiana improved the viability of L. plantarum in gastric digestion. These results showed that S. rebaudiana, a component stimulating probiotic growth, combined with maltodextrin as a co-prebiotic, improved the survival rate of L. plantarum in simulated gastric digestion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.52-53
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• 1997

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.839-848
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• 2018

Coptis chinensis (CC) is widely used in Asian countries to treat inflammatory diseases. We investigated the anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous fraction separated from CC extract and of berberine, its key bioactive component, in human keratinocytes and the possible molecular mechanisms underlying this. Treating HaCaT keratinocytic cells with heat-killed Propionibacterium acnes induced nitric oxide and proinflammatory cytokine (e.g., tumor necrosis $factor-{\alpha}$, interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, and IL-8) production and their mRNA expression; these effects were suppressed by pretreatment with the aqueous fraction or berberine, which also suppressed the phosphorylation of ERK, JNK, and p38 kinases and the nuclear expression of nuclear factor $(NF)-{\kappa}B$ p65 in P. acnes-stimulated cells. Thus, the aqueous fraction and berberine effectively exerted anti-inflammatory activities by suppressing mitogen-activated protein kinase and $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling pathways in human keratinocytes and may be used for treating P. acnes-induced inflammatory skin diseases.

• The Journal of the Korean dental association
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.263-274
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• 2010

I classified the bone graft material according to the component. Most bone graft material is composed of inorganic and organic constituent. Organic component such DBM is associated with osteoinduction. Inorganic components such as hydroxyapatite, $\beta$-TCP, calcium sulfate, bioactive glass, polymer are associated with osteoconduction. Autogenous bone graft is ideal material. We can select any biocompatible material for the restoration of small filling defect with intact bony wall. However, we should select first osteogenetic and osteoinductive material to regenerate the viable bone tissue.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.2575-2580
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• 2015

Cancer is a multifaceted and genomically complex disease and rapidly accumulating high impact research is deepening our understanding related to the mechanisms underlying cancer development, progression and resistance to therapeutics. Increasingly it is being realized that genetic/epigenetic mutations, inactivation of tumor suppressor genes, overexpression of oncogenes, deregulation of intracellular signaling cascades and loss of apoptosis are some of the extensively studied aspects. Confluence of information suggested that rapidly developing resistance to therapeutics is adding another layer of complexity and overwhelmingly increasing preclinical studies are identifying different natural agents with efficacy and minimal off-target effects. We partition this multi-component review into citrus fruits and their bioactive ingredients mediating rebalancing of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins to induce apoptosis in resistant cancer cells. We also discuss how oncogenic protein networks are targeted in cancer cells and how these findings may be verified in preclinical studies.