• Journal of international Conference on Electrical Machines and Systems
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.111-115
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• 2012

In this paper, a solar energy powered bicycle linked to a wireless sensor network (WSN) which monitors the transfer of solar energy to an electrical energy storage unit and an analysis of its effectiveness is proposed. In order to achieve this goal, a solar-powered bicycle with an attached ZigBee and a far-end wireless network supervisory system is setup. Experimental results prove that our prototype, solar energy powered bicycle, can achieve enough solar energy for charging a two lead-acid battery pack. As a result, the user, through use of a wireless network in the parking period can be kept aware of the data on the amount of immediate solar radiation, the degree of illumination, the ambient temperature, and electrical energy storage capacity information of the bicycle through an internet interface.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.18 no.11
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• pp.1351-1357
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• 2015

This paper proposes and implements a mobile service and web service integration for utilizing public bicycle sharing system NUBIJA. The NUBIJA system is operated by Changwon City, GyeongNam since 2008 and maintains 247 unattended bicycle sharing terminal on the city. Average users per day of the NUBIJA are more than 8,000 and many users want to get more services from their mobile phones. We implemented realtime mobile bicycle rental and return information service. The informations are acquired from each terminal kiosks and we integrated the information and location based services(LBS) on iOS and Android platform. In this paper, we described an integration services between web and mobile application and shows graphical user interface for highly customized on mobile platforms.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.15-20
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• 2019

The superplastic forming/diffusion bonding process has been developed to fabricate a core frame structure with joint nodes out of tubes, for the development of a titanium high performance bicycle. The hydroforming process has been applied for bulging of a tube in the superplastic condition before, and during the diffusion bonding process. In this experiment, a commercial Ti-3Al-2.5V tube was selected as raw material for the study. The forming experiment has been performed using a servo-hydraulic press with a capacity of 200 ton. Next, nitrogen gas was used to acquire necessary pressure for the bulging and bonding of the tubes to fabricate the joint nodes. The pertinent processing temperature was $870^{\circ}C$ for the superplastic hydroforming/diffusion bonding (SHF/DB) process, using the Ti-3Al-2.5V tube. The bonding quality and the progress of bulging and diffusion bonding have been observed by the investigation of the joining interfaces at the cross section of the joint structure. The control of the nitrogen pressure throughout the SHF/DB process, was an important factor to avoid any significant defects in the joint structure. The whole progress stage of the diffusion bonding could be observed at a joint interface. A core structure with 5 joint nodes to manufacture a titanium bicycle could be obtained in a SHF/DB process.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.63-70
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• 2011

A bicycle is different from vehicles in the structure that a rider is fully exposed to the surrounding environment. Therefore, it needs to make use of prior information about local weather, air quality, trail road condition. Moreover, since it depends on human power for moving, it should acquire route property such as hill slope, winding, and road surface to improve its efficiency in everyday use. Recent mobile applications which are to be used during bicycle riding let us aware of the necessity of development of intelligent bicycles. This study aims to develop a riding state (up-hill, down-hill, accelerating, braking) recognition algorithm using a low-power wrist watch type embedded system which has 3-axis accelerometer and wireless communication capability. The developed algorithm was applied to 19 experimental riding data and showed more than 95% of correct recognition over 83.3% of the total dataset. The altitude and temperature sensor also in the embedded system mounted on the bicycle is being used to improve the accuracy of the algorithm. The developed riding state recognition algorithm is expected to be a platform technology for intelligent bicycle interface system.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.166-177
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• 2009

As the aged have increased due to the progress of medical science and the low birth-rate, the various cultures and industries for them are on the rise. The aged want to enjoy the diverse social activities and the culture content for spending their spare time. But they are liable to be restricted by the activities due to the physical, psychological, and mental disorder. This paper suggests a tangible bicycle game content and interface with the function of training and improving the lower part of body that is necessary to the old people's movement. The suggested game content can attract the interest of the aged by the familiar device, bicycle, and the game design for the old people. We develop the sensory interface for augmenting the immersion in the game. The aged can enjoy their spare time doing both game and exercise through the sensory interface and the real-time display of 3D graphics.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.16 no.8
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• pp.263-267
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• 2018

In this study, it is aimed to solve the problems of energy depletion, environmental pollution, climate change and traffic congestion in the coming generations. In Korea, the usage of public bicycle, which is a short-distance transportation system, is continuously increasing. Therefore, we analyzed the public bicycles of 'Taungryei' in Seoul and 'Nubiza' in Changwon City. We also conducted in-depth interviews with Stephen Anderson based on six principles of Creating Pleasurable Interfaces. As a result, users' discomfort was found in the functional part and the usability part of the public bicycle. Also, it was confirmed that the users were satisfied with the public bicycle in the meaningful part. Therefore, public bicycles should consider the user experience aspects to complement functional and usability parts for users.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.219-231
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• 2023

Intelligent applications are crucial for increasing the popularity of shared urban electric bicycles (EBs). Building an application platform architectural system that can satisfy independent user operations is critical for increasing the intelligent usage of shared EBs. Consequently, we collected online reviews of shared EB applications, conducted semantic processing and sentiment analysis, and refined the positive and negative review data for each function. The positive and negative review indices of each function were calculated using the formulae for positive and negative review indices of product functions, thereby determining the functions that need to be improved. Each function of the Shared EB application was improved according to its business process. The main contributions of this study are to build a user requirement architecture system for the Shared EB application with five dimensions and 22 functions using the Delphi method to design the user interface (UI) of this application based on user satisfaction evaluation results; to create a high-fidelity dynamic interaction prototype and compare user satisfaction before and after improving the Shared EB application functions. The testing results indicate that the changes in the UI significantly improve the user experience satisfaction of the urban Shared EB application, with the positive experience index increasing by 69.21% and the negative experience index decreasing by 75.85% overall. This information can be directly used by relevant companies to improve the functions of the Shared EB application.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.523-528
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• 2005

In this paper, we designed and made a bicycle with tangible interface using a game to make a tangible interface for health-care system. In particular, through a survey of the preference of users, we have showed a tangible machine which is possible to recognize users' control as a form of tangible interface, have presented the controllable method of a game contents, have provided the contents reality maximized using game AI and game physics.

• Journal of Korea Game Society
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.89-102
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• 2017

With the increase in interest in health in the society, a variety of fusion studies have been conducted by ICT to sports. This study develops a smart bicycle that is run only when a rider maintains balance, and proposes an interface of studio space where the smart bicycle can be experienced. The studio consists of interactive smart bike, a geodesic dome for immersion of content for a single person, and virtual reality content that is implemented to enjoy various sceneries in real space. This study contributes to attempts of design and production of studio that is optimized to interactive space of smart bike for single person. This studio has a scalable interface, which can be applicable to various other interactive contents for sportainmnet.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.9
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• pp.151-162
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• 2009

As the aging population has increased, the silver generation is getting to account for the considerable percent of economic activities and becomes the main body of production and consumption. Although the economic activity of silver generation is increased, the development of silver contents for the leisure activities is still not revitalized. The serious silver contents and the easy-to-use interface are very important because the silver generation is relatively weaker than young people in perception, studying, and exercise, and is fragile in mobility and vitality. This paper suggests methods to develop sensory bicycle, gate ball, and mole game contents haying lower body exercise effects for the silver generation to utilize leisure and maintain health. Along with fun as games, functional design factors suitable to the cognitive ability and bodily activity ability of the silver generation were considered and through sensory intefaces that are easy for the silver generation to use and customized progressing methods complying with individual characteristics, it was attempted to induce continued interests and lower body exercise effects.