• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 1972

The characteristics of tunnel diode pair circuit biased within the negative resistance region has also the voltage-control type negative resistance region, and the voltage at the center point of negative resistance region is described as the square-wave relaxation oscillation. In this paper, the period T, positive duration T1, negative duration T2 of the pulse are obatined from the characteristic curve T, positive duration T1, negative duration T2 of the pulse are obtained from the characteristic curve and observed actually, considring the fact that the pulse width and the period of square-wave at the center point of the negative resistance region is able to be controlle dby the blas volgate. Mereover, the relationship between T, T1 or T2 and circuit parameters is searched for and the Circuit parameters that satisfy the conditions of T1-T2 being proportional to the variation of bias voltage with Teonstant are determined. Thereafter, the bias voltage and the signal voltage are inserted serially to the PWM circuit and the characteristics of that circuit is analyzed.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
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• v.25 no.11
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• pp.616-621
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• 2015

Atmospheric pressure plasma is used in the biological and medical fields. Miniaturization and safety are important in the application of apply atmospheric plasma to bio devices. In this study, we made a small, pocket-sized inverter for the discharge of atmospheric plasma. We used pulse power to control the neutral gas temperature at which the, when plasma was discharged. We used direct current of 5 V of bias(voltage). The output voltage is about 1 to 2 kilo volts the frequency is about 80 kilo hertz. We analyzsed the characteristics of the atmospheric plasma using OES(Optical emission spectroscopy) and the Current-Voltage characteristic of pulse power. By calculating of the current voltage characteristics, we were able to determine that, when the duty ratio increased, the power that actually effects the plasma discharge also increased. To apply atmospheric plasma to human organisms, the temperature is the most important factor, we were able to control the temperature by modulating the pulse power duty ratio. This means we can use atmospheric plasma on the human body or in other areas of the medical field.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.440-446
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• 2011

In this paper, a X-band 50 W pulsed solid state power amplifier(SSPA) is designed and fabricated for radar systems. The SSPA consists of a driver amplifier, a high power amplifier, and a pulse modulator. The high power stage employes four 25 W GaAs FET to deliver 50 W at X-band. To meet the stringent target specification for the SSPA, we used a new hybrid pulse switching method, which combine the advantage of pulse modulation and bias switching method. The fabricated SSPA shows a power gain of 44.2 dB, an output power of 50 W over a 1.12 GHz bandwidth. Also, pulse droop < 1 dB meet the design goals and a rise/fall time is less than 12.45 ns. Fabricated X-band pulsed SSPA size is compact with overall size of $150{\times}105{\times}30\;mm^3$.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea TC
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.14-21
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• 2009

In this paper, a Ka-band 10 W power amplifier module with seven power MMIC bare dies is designed and fabricated using MIC technology which combines multiple MMIC chips on a thin film substrate. Modified Wilkinson power dividers/combiners and CBFGCPW-Microstrip transitions for suppressing resonance and reducing connection loss are utilized for high-gain and high-power millimeter wave modules. A new TTL pulse timing control scheme is proposed to improve output power degradation due to large bypass capacitors in the gate bias circuit. Pulse-mode operation time is extended more than 200 nsec and output power increase of 0.62 W is achieved by applying the proposed scheme to the Ka-band 10 W power amplifier module operating in the pulsed condition of 10 kHz and $5\;{\mu}sec$. The implemented power amplifier module shows a power gain of 59.5 dB and an output power of 11.89 W.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2002

Measuring magnetic fields with a SQUID sensor always requires preliminary adjustments such as optimum bas current determination and flux-locking point search. A conventional magnetoencephalography (MEG) system consists of several dozens of sensors and we should condition each sensor one by one for an experiment. This timeconsuming job is not only cumbersome but also impractical for the common use in hospital. We had developed a serial port communication protocol between SQUID sensor controllers and a personal computer in order to control the sensors. However, theserial-bus-based control is too slow for adjusting all the sensors with a sufficient accuracy in a reasonable time. In this work, we introduce programmatic control sequence that saves the number of the control pulse arrays. The sequence separates into two stages. The first stage is a function for searching flux-locking points of the sensors and the other stage is for determining the optimum bias current that operates a sensor in a minimum noise level Generally, the optimum bias current for a SQUID sensor depends on the manufactured structure, so that it will not easily change about. Therefore, we can reduce the time for the optimum bias current determination by using the saved values that have been measured once by the second stage sequence. Applying the first stage sequence to a practical use, it has taken about 2-3 minutes to perform the flux-locking for our 37-channel SQUID magnetometer system.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.307-313
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• 2019

The traveling wave tube amplifier (TWTA), which can be applied to the Ka-band millimeter-wave multi-mode seeker, consists of an high voltage power supply(HVPS), a grid modulator, a command and control, and an RF assembly. We designed a power supply that generates a -17.9 kV high voltage by synchronizing the pulse repetition frequency(PRF) and power supply switching frequency(i.e. synchronization frequency), and a high-speed grid-switching modulator for RF pulse modulation. The TWTA, which is fabricated through miniaturization with a volume of 3.18 L, has high pulse switching characteristics of up to 18.5 ns. The maximum rise/fall time of the grid on/bias signal and peak power is more than 564.9 W. Moreover, an excellent spurious performance of -68.4 dBc or less was confirmed within the range of PRF and PRF/2.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.572-575
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• 2009

In this study, we proposed WLED(White-Light Emitting Diode) driver IC for mobile applications. This IC drove WLED for mobile applications with low input voltage and high efficiency by using boost converter. The device was designed by using boost converter applied current-mode control algorithm and provided PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) & analog dimming. Designed IC consisted of bias block, drive block, control block, protection block. We confirmed this device worked well through a application PCB (Printed Circuit Board) test.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.48 no.12
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• pp.52-57
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• 2011

This paper presents a 4-channel optical transmitter circuit realized in a $0.18{\mu}m$ CMOS technology for high-speed digital interface. Particularly, the VCSEL driver exploits the feed-forward technique, and the pre-amplifier employs the pulse-width control. Thus, the optical transmitter operates at the bias current up to 4mA and the modulation current from $2{\sim}8mA_{pp}$. with the pulse-width distortion compensated effectively. The 4-channel optical transmitter array chip occupies the area of $1.0{\times}1.7mm^2$ and dissipates 35mW per channel at maximum current operations from a single 1.8V supply.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.75-87
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• 2003

The primary objective of this study is to demonstrate ground-based experiment for the attitude control of spacecraft. A two-axis rotational simulator with a flexible ann is constructed with on-off air thrusters as actuators. The simulator is also equipped with payload pointing capability by simultaneous thruster and DC servo motor actuation. The azimuth angle is controlled by on-off thruster command while the payload elevation angle is controlled by a servo-motor. A thruster modulation technique PWM(Pulse Width Modulation) employing a time-optimal switching function plus integral error control is proposed. An optical camera is used for the purpose of pointing as well as on-board rate sensor calibration. Attitude control performance based upon the new closed-loop control law is demonstrated by ground experiment. The modified switching function turns out to be effective with improved pointing performance under external disturbance. The rate sensor calibration technique by Kalman Filter algorithm led to reduction of attitude error caused by the bias in the rate sensor output.

• Progress in Superconductivity
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2003

Wide-bandwidth SQUID current amplifier and its control electronics have been constructed for detecting pulse outputs of a superconducting microcalorimeter. The current amplifier made of a double relaxation oscillation SQUID (DROS) has a bandwidth of 1.2 MHz and typical white noise level of about 6 pA/(equation omitted) Hz. To increase the dynamic range of the current amplifier, the flux-locked loop (FLL) has additional circuits to reset the integrator and to count reset numbers which present the number of passed flux quanta. In this system, dynamic range covers from -65 mA to +65 mA. SQUID electronics are controlled by software to get the optimum FLL condition, and to control the current to bias the transition edge sensor (TES). The electronics are shielded from the outside electromagnetic noises by using an aluminum case of 66 mm ${\times}$ 25 mm ${\times}$ 100 mm, and consist of 2 separate printed-circuit-boards for the current amplifier and the control electronics, respectively. The SQUID current amplifier and its control electronics will be used in TESs for detecting photons such as UV and X-ray with high energy resolution.