• 환경생물
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.664-671
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• 2019

낙동강 상류의 지류이며, 국내 대표적인 모래하천으로 잘 알려진 내성천 상류에 위치한 영주댐을 기준으로 하류 지점과 상류 지점을 선정하여, 2015년과 2016년동안 담수화에 따른 저서성대형무척추동물의 서식유형 및 군집구조의 변화 양상에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 조사는 댐의 건설이 저서성대형무척추동물에 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 2015년, 2016년 총 4회에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 조사 결과, 댐에 의한 내성천의 담수화가 2016년 7월부터 진행됨에 따라 전체 출현 종수가 감소하였다. 특히 댐에서 가까운 상류 지점인 St.2와 St.3에서 감소 폭이 크게 나타났다. 유수성 환경과 입자가 큰 하상구조를 선호하는 E.P.T. 분류군의 종조성 비율은 감소하고, 정수역 환경을 선호하는 O.C.H. 분류군의 종조성 비율은 증가한 것으로 확인되었다. 서식기능군은 담수가 진행됨에 따라 붙는무리(CL; Clinger)의 종수 및 개체수 비율이 모든 지점에서 감소하였고, 굴파는무리(BU; Burrower), 기어오르는무리(CB; Climber), 기는무리(SP; Sprawler), 헤엄치는 무리(SW; Swimmer)의 종수 및 개체수 비율이 증가하였다. 또한 서식환경 변화에 따른 군집안 정성을 비교 결과, group I (높은 저항력, 높은 회복력)의 종분포는 크게 변화하지 않았으나 St.2와 St.3에서 group II(높은 저항력, 낮은 회복력)의 종 출현율이 현저히 감소하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 댐 건설로 인해 담수가 진행됨에 따라 저서환경변화와 유속에 영향을 직접적으로 받는 저서성대형 무척추동물의 서식유형과 군집구조에 대한 시간적, 공간적 변화 양상을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한 향후 내성천 수계의 지속적인 모니터링을 통해 댐 건설과 이로 인한 담수의 진행 정도에 따라 저서성대형무척추동물 군집구조 변화와 서식기능군은 물론 섭식기능군의 변화 양상에 대한 체계적인 연구가 요구된다. 그리고 댐 조성이 하천생태계 저서성대형무척추동물의 분포 및 서식양태 변화에 미치는 영향에 대한 추가적인 조사 및 연구가 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.61-61
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• 2001

• 한국패류학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.68-84
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• 1993

A study on the distribution and seasonal changes of the benthic macroinvertebrate community was performed on the 4 intertidal rocky shores of Biyang-do in Chehu Island throughout four seasons from January 1992 to january 1993. The macroinvertebrates composed of 8 phyla, 15 classes, 31 orders, 71 families, 168 species. The seasonal appearing species were 135 species in summer, 127 species in spring, 124 species in winter and 121 species in autumn, respectively. The dominant species of the upper zones were Nodilittorina exigua, Nerita japonica, Pollicipes mitella, the middle zones were Turbo coronata coreensis, Monodonta neritoides, petrolisthes japonicus and the lower zones were Pagurus samuelis, Chthamalus pilsbryi, Chlorostoma argyrostoma lischkei. The community dominance indices of the upper zones were much higher than the middle and lower zones. The seasonal appearnace in species in the lower zones were remarkable, but individual numbes were not. Species diversity and evenness in all investigated zones were highest in spring and lowest in winter. But species richness was highest in summer, lowest in autumm.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.233-241
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• 2008

Functional feeding groups (FFGs) of benthic macroinvertebrates are guilds of invertebrate taxa that obtain food in similar ways, regardless of their taxonomic affinities. They can represent a heterogeneous assemblage of benthic fauna and may indicate disturbances of their habitats. The proportion of different groups can change in response to disturbances that affect the food base of the system, thereby offering a means of assessing disruption of ecosystem functioning. In this study, we used benthic macroinvertebrate communities collected at 650 sites of 23 different water types in the province of Overijssel, The Netherlands. Physical and chemical environmental factors were measured at each sampling site. Each taxon was assigned to its corresponding FFG based on its food resources. A multilayer perceptron (MLP) using a backpropagation algorithm, a supervised artificial neural network, was applied to evaluate the influence of environmental variables to the FFGs of benthic macroinvertebrates through a sensitivity analysis. In the evaluation of input variables, the sensitivity analysis with partial derivatives demonstrates the relative importance of influential environmental variables on the FFG, showing that different variables influence the FFG in various ways. Collector-filterers and shredders were mainly influenced by $Ca^{2+}$ and width of the streams, and scrapers were influenced mostly with $Ca^{2+}$ and depth, and predators were by depth and pH. $Ca^{2+}$ and depth displayed relatively high influence on all four FFGs, while some variables such as pH, %gravel, %silt, and %bank affected specific groups. This approach can help to characterize community structure and to ecologically assess target ecosystems.

• 생태와환경
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.420-443
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• 2012

An Individual-Based Model (IBM) was developed by employing natural and toxic survival rates of individuals to elucidate the community responses of benthic macroin-vertebrates to anthropogenic disturbance in the streams. Experimental models (dose-response and relative sensitivity) and mathematical models (power law and negative exponential distribution) were applied to determinate the individual survival rates due to acute toxicity in stressful conditions. A power law was additionally used to present the natural survival rate. Life events, covering movement, exposure to contaminants, death and reproduction, were simulated in the IBM at the individual level in small (1 m) and short (1 week) scales to produce species abundance distributions (SADs) at the community level in large (5 km) and long (1~2 years) scales. Consequently, the SADs, such as geometric series, log-series, and log-normal distribution, were accordingly observed at severely (Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP<10), intermediately (BMWP<40) and weakly (BMWP${\geq}50$) polluted sites. The results from a power law and negative exponential distribution were suitably fitted to the field data across the different levels of pollution, according to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. The IBMs incorporating natural and toxic survival rates in individuals were useful for presenting community responses to disturbances and could be utilized as an integrative tool to elucidate community establishment processes in benthic macroin-vertebrates in the streams.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.807-817
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• 2014

Benthic macroinvertebrates were seasonally sampled from upstream and downstream of the Gunwi Dam construction site from 2006 to 2012. Totally 148 and 165 species were collected at the upstream and downstream sampling sites, respectively. At the upstream area after dam construction, there was no significant change of the numbers of non-insect taxa, but at the downstream area, the non-insect taxon numbers were increased gradually. The individual ratio of Ephemeroptera and Diptera had higher value than the other taxa in both of up and downstream. The trichopteran individual ratios were increased in upstream sites, but decreased in downstream sites from 2010. Also, non-insects and coleopteran individual ratios were decreased in upstream, but increased in downstream after completion of dam construction. The annual range of fluctuation in community indices narrowed after construction. According to a functional feeding group analysis, the individual ratios of FC (Filtering Collector) were increased, and GC (Gathering Collector) and SC (Scraper) were decreased in upstream sites annually. In contrast, the annual individual ratios of FC were decreased, and GC and SC were increased in the downstream sites.

• 환경생물
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.203-213
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• 2008

Benthic macro invertebrate communities were collected at six different sampling sites in the Musucheon stream in Korea from July 2006 to July 2007, and ecological exergy values were calculated based on five different functional feeding groups (collector-gatherer, collector-filterer, predator, scrapper, and shredder) of benthic macro invertebrates. Each sampling site was categorized to three stream types (perennial, intermittent and drought) based on the water flow condition. Exergy values were low at all study sites right after a heavy rain and relatively higher in the perennial stream type than in the intermittent or the drought stream type. Self-Organizing Map (SOM), unsupervised artificial neural network, was implemented to pattern spatial and temporal dynamics of ecological exergy of the study sites. SOM classified samples into four clusters. The classification reflected the effects of floods and droughts on benthic macroinvertebrate communities, and was mainly related with the stream types of the sampling sites. Exergy values of each functional feeding group also responded differently according to the different stream types. Finally, the results showed that exergy is an effective ecological indicator, and patterning changes of exergy using SOM is an effective way to evaluate target ecosystems.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.311-325
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• 2017

Habitat suitability index (HSI) of 17 benthic macroinvertebrate taxa, which were lotic insects of generic category except Potamanthidae in mayfly, was developed for three physical habitat factors (current velocity, water depth and substrate) based on an ecological monitoring in a Korean stream (Gapyeong). Weibull model was used as a probability density function to analyze the distribution of individual abundance related with physical factors, which showed it was so available. Number of species and total individual abundance increased along with the increase of current velocity and the mean diameter of substrate, and decreased along with the increase of water depth. Most taxa showed a clear preference for a fast current velocity, shallow water depth and coarse substrate except Ephemera, Potamanthidae (mayfly), and Plectrocnemia (caddisfly) which were rheophobic, potamophilic and lithophobious. Based on the canonical correspondence analysis, the relative importance of each factor was determined as follows: current velocity > substrate > water depth.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.114-126
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to develop a Korean thermality index (KTI) based on the distribution patterns of benthic macroinvertebrates according to altitude and latitude. Analyzing seasonal data (4,853 sampling units) surveyed and collected during 2007 ~ 2011 at 846 sites in South Korea, we estimated thermal valency, thermal value and indicator weight value of 208 species. Among them, 40 species in 6 orders (Decapoda 1 species, Collembola 1 species, Ephemeroptera 5 species, Plecoptera 17 species, Diptera 3 species, Trichoptera 13 species) were selected as the candidate indicator species sensitive and vulnerable to warmth along with climate change. KTI and Benthic macroinvertebrate index (BMI) were tested at three clean streams (Hangye stream, Buk stream and Bangtae stream). KTI showed significant differences according to altitude and water temperature whereas the saprobity index BMI showed little differences. This result means that KTI can be applicable to assess the impact of water temperature independently of organic pollutants.

• 생태와환경
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.325-336
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• 2017

The ecosystem in the Gwangju Stream has taken a wide range of disturbance such as the discharging water of sewage treatment plant, the lake water and the river water from different water system over the past decade. This study was figured out some significant influence factors by analyzing the relationship between biotic and abiotic factors in the urban stream. Abiotic components included 15 water quality variables which were measured in five sampling sites along the stream from October 2014 to July 2015, whereas the benthic macroinvertebrates found in those sites were used to estimate various biotic indices representing the ecological status of the community. The results of correlation analyses indicated that abiotic factors by human activities affected on the inhabitation of benthic macroinvertebrates more than biotic factors. The results of cluster analyses and ANOVA tests also showed that biotic and abiotic characteristics were clearly different in season. The main influence factors of cluster analysis by sites were $NH_3-N$, EPT(I) and DO. It was considered that more various statistical analyses would be necessary to find some different relationships and influence factors between biotic and abiotic variables in the urban stream.