• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2023

PURPOSE: The present study evaluated the occurrence, somatometric, biochemical, and behavioral characteristics of young Korean sarcopenic males aged between 30 to 39 years. METHODS: The study involved a total of 1,546 participants. These individuals were divided into two distinct groups based on their skeletal muscle mass index. Of these, 49 participants were categorized into the sarcopenia group, while the remaining 1,497 individuals were placed in the normal group. The researchers analyzed the occurrence of sarcopenia, somatometric, biochemical, and behavioral characteristics such as height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), skeletal muscle mass index, fasting glucose (FG), triglyceride and total cholesterol (TC) levels, systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and the drinking and smoking status. A complex sampling data analysis was performed. RESULTS: The weighted occurrence of sarcopenia was found to be 3.24%, (95% confidence interval (CI) of 2.39% to 4.36%). The somatometric contributing factors were height, BMI, and WC (p < .05). Triglyceride and TC levels exhibited statistically significant differences in the biochemical variables (p < .05). The behavioral characteristics, including the drinking and smoking status, had no statistical significance (p > .05). CONCLUSION: This study identified specific occurrences of sarcopenia and contributing factors in young Korean men.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.275-286
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to identify the relationship between children's personality traits and self-esteem, and to find out if there were any differences in the relationship patterns in terms of children's sex. The questionnaire were collected from 984 subjects in 5th grade of elementary schools located in cities of Seoul, Suwon, Daejeon, and Daegu. Results showed that personality factors such as stability, sociability, responsibility, and superiority had stronger correlations with self-esteem factors whereas masculinity, activity level, and reflectivity did so to a less degree. Children's personality factors such as superiority, sociability and responsibility were better predictors of their self-esteem factors such as scholastic competence, social acceptance and general self-worth. Girls showed higher level of stability, sociability, responsibility and superiority, however there was no sex difference in the self-esteem such as scholastic competence, social acceptance and general self-worth. Children's behavioral conduct were mainly explained by masculinity, activity level, and responsibility. Responsibility turned out to be the strongest predictor of behavioral conduct among boys, while the activity level did among girls.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.9-14
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• 1997

Wintering behavior of mallards Anas platyrhynchos was studied from November 1995 to February 1996 at wintering habitats : Seosan reclaimed site, Oksan reservoir, and Kum river in Korea. The population of wintering mallards in maximum count was about 35, 000 at Sosan, 500 at Oksan and 1, 680 at Kum river, respectively. In Seosan area, mallards spent more time on water surface. In Kum river and Oksan reservoir, however, they spent more time in riversides. During the daylight hours, mallards spent more time in riversides and ground as the time passes by in the area. Behavioral patterns varied with habitat type, by days and months. Resting was a major time expenditure of mallards on water surface and riversides, and feeding occured occasionally on the ground. During the daytime, feeding and resting activities increased as time passed toward dusks However, time spendings for locmotion and comfort were decreased when it is close to the sun sets. Major disturbance factors within the habitats were identified the local traffics of humans, boats, aircrafts and motor vehicles. Among them, human was the most frequently affecting disturbance factor to the wintering mallards.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.219-229
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• 2014

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of preschooler's self-regulation and maternal parenting behavior on preschooler's game immersion. Subjects were 253 4- to 5-year-old preschoolers(118 boys, 135 girls) and their mothers. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, correlation analysis and stepwise multiple regression analysis. The major findings are summarized as follows: (1) preschooler's game immersion differed from preschooler's gender. Boy preschooler had higher score than girl preschooler in game immersion. (2) Both boy and girl preschooler's game immersion was negatively correlated with preschooler's behavioral regulation and emotional regulation, maternal rational guidance, limit-setting and affection. (3) The most influential factor on boy preschooler's game immersion was behavioral regulation. On the other hand, the most influential factor on girl preschooler's game immersion was emotional regulation, and the next influential factor was maternal affection. Results of this study indicate that self-regulation enhancement program should be developed and mothers should be more affective with their preschoolers in order to prevent preschoolers' game immersion.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.65-68
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• 2002

Female genital morphology of Cryptocercus Kyebangensis is described, focusing on the structural features of ovipositors at each developmental stage. Ovipositor valves were the first genital structures to appear in female nymphs. The caudal margin of the 9th sternum was nearly straight in the 1st instars of both sexes, with a slight median notch, but was deeply concave in the female nymphs of the End instar. The 1st valve of ovipositor budded off from membranous fold between the 8th 8nd 9th sternum and a pair of the 2nd valve came from the 9th sternum. Separation of styli occurred in the female nymphs of the 8th or 9th instar. Some parts of the female genitalia were sclerotized after the final molt. Spermathecae were the fork type and leaned a little to the right in the middle line of the genital chamber from ventro-posterior view. The trace sealed with sclerite materials existed on the spermathecal opening. The genital segments (segments Ⅷ, IX, and X) were concealed completely by the 7th tergum and sternum posteriorly expanded. Terminal lobes which exist in the Blattidae were not observed in C. Kyebangensis. Instead, the apicolateral emargination existed on the terminal abdominal segment of C. Kyebangensis females.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.1221-1235
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to examine the infant-teacher interaction and its possible effects. The subjects of this study were 24 child-care teachers from Jungup City, Korea. Among them, 12 teachers participated m the program as an experimental group. The program processed 8 sessions in total, a session a week and 90 minutes for each session. The data was collected by questionnaires of infant-teacher interactions and videotapes of their linguistic and behavioral interactions between infants and teachers. The collected data was analyzed by t-tests, wilcoxon signed-rank tests, and video content analysis. As a result, the teachers in the experimental group showed more significant enhancement than teachers in the comparison group in relation to the post-test of positive linguistic interactions between infant and teacher and teacher' positive reaction.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.91-104
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• 2005

This study was designed to examine the relations of home environment, locus of control, social support and behavior problems of fourth-grade Korean-Chinese children in Yanbian in China. The subjects were 190 children who completed the locus of control and social support scale and their parents who completed the Child Behavior Checklist. T-test, correlation analysis, and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Mother's education level, and psychological and physical environment at home were negatively related to children's behavior problems. The scores of internal locus of control and support from the teacher were negatively related to children's behavioral disturbances. The factors with the greatest contribution to explaining behavior problems of Korean-Chinese children in Yanbian were found to be physical environment at home, internal locus of control, and teacher's social support.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.293-299
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• 2002

We investigated seasonal variation of diurnal activity patterns in Jeiu ponies (Equus caballus). The data were collected from a semi-natural herd during daylight hours from March to September 1998. Over all months the mean proportion of time spent grazing was 83.7% ( $\pm$29.7 S.D.): that resting was 15.7$\pm$17%, grooming 0.7$\pm$1.2%, and moving 0.56$\pm$5.4%, Activity patterns varied with the seasons. The mean proportion of grazing mares peaked during late winter and early spring (March), when there was not enough food, and declined during other seasons (between May and September), when food was abundant. The mean proportion of mares that were resting and mutual grooming peaked in spring (April and May), at which time the weather was warm and food became abundant. During other seasons when grasses started to grow and the weather was mildly cool, these activities were less common. The mean proportion of mares that were moving peaked in June, although it was a small proportion of the total activity. For those mares without foals, resting periods were longer in older mares than in younger mares, but for the mares with foals this pattern was not evident. From these data, we hypothesize that the dominance hierarchy of the mares effects the diurnal activity pattern.

• 생태와환경
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.251-257
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• 2022

Monitoring and assessing aquatic ecosystems using the behavior of organisms is essential for sustainable ecosystem management. Oligochaetes, which inhabit various freshwater ecosystems, are frequently used to evaluate the environmental conditions of freshwater ecosystems. Tubifex tubifex (Müller, 1774) (Oligochaeta, Tubificidae) is tolerant to organic pollution and has been used to evaluate the toxicity of toxicants, including heavy metals. We studied the behavioral responses of T. tubifex to three different copper concentrations (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0 mg L^-1). The specimens were exposed to copper in an observation cage containing 150 mL of dechlorinated water. Movement behavior (diameter, speed, acceleration, meander, and turning rate) was continuously observed for two hours before and after the copper treatments. After the treatments, the diameter shrank and showed rapid twisting movement under all the copper conditions. The turning rate had a positive correlation with meander and acceleration both before and after treatment at all three concentrations, whereas speed and meander had a negative correlation. Length and turning rate also showed a negative correlation. The correlation coefficient between speed and acceleration in the highest copper concentration changed from positive before treatment (r=0.64) to negative (r= -0.52) after treatment. Our results present the possibility of using behavioral parameters to detect copper contamination in freshwater ecosystems.

• 한국수학사학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.167-177
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• 2020

Cooperative behavior may seem contrary to the notion of natural selection and adaptation, but is widely observed in nature, from the genetic level to the organism. The origin and persistence of cooperative behavior has long been a mystery to scientists studying evolution and ecology. One of the important research topics in the field of evolutionary ecology and behavioral ecology is to find out why cooperation is maintained over time. In this paper we take a historical overview of mathematical models representing cooperative relationships from the perspective of mathematical biology, which studies population dynamics between interacting biological groups, and analyze the mathematical characteristics and meanings of these cooperative models.