• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.233-251
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• 2007

본 연구는 주로 알고리즘 위주로 학습되는 소수의 나눗셈 지도에 반하여 십진블록을 활용하여 초등학교 5학년 학생들이 소수의 나눗셈을 보다 의미 있게 학습할 수 있는지를 면밀하게 탐색하였다. 연구결과 학생들은 다양한 소수의 나눗셈 문제를 십진블록으로 모델링하여 계산하는 과정을 통해 연산의 의미를 개념적으로 이해할 수 있었고, 알고리즘의 각 단계를 십진블록의 조작활동과 연결하여 설명함으로써 계산 원리를 터득할 수 있었다. 또한 소수의 나눗셈 계산 결과를 연산의 의미와 연결하여 개념적으로 설명할 수 있었다. 이를 통하여 본 연구는 구체적인 수업 사례를 바탕으로 소수 나눗셈 지도 방안에 대한 시사점을 제공한다.

• 한국초등수학교육학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.1-21
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• 2007

본 연구는 초등학교 5학년 학생들에게 십진블록을 활용하여 소수의 곱셈을 지도하는 과정에서 학생들의 개념적 이해 과정을 면밀히 분석함으로써 십진블록을 활용한 소수의 곱셈 지도 과정에 대한 시사점을 제공하는데 그 목적이 있다. 십진블록을 활용한 소수의 곱셈 지도에서 초등학교 5학년 학생들은 주어진 문제에서 각 연산의 의미를 개념적으로 이해하고 해석하였으며 그 의미에 따라 십진블록으로 모델링하여 계산하였다. 학생들은 십진블록을 이용한 계산 과정을 통해 알고리즘을 발견하고 알고리즘의 각 단계를 십진블록과 연결하여 설명함으로써 계산 원리를 개념적으로 이해하였다 또한 소수의 곱셈 계산 결과가 올바른지 판단하고 그 이유를 십진블록으로 설명함으로써 소수의 곱셈 계산 결과를 각 연산의 의미와 연결하여 개념적으로 이해하였다. 이런 측면에서 본 연구는 십진블록을 활용한 소수의 곱셈 지도가 초등학교 5학년 학생들의 소수의 곱셈에 대한 개념적 이해를 도울 수 있는 한 방안이 됨을 시사한다.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제45권3호
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• pp.275-293
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze the connection between students' errors and prior knowledge as an attempt to design an efficient teaching method in decimal computation. A survey on decimal computations was conducted in two 6th grade elementary school classrooms. Error patterns on decimal computations were analyzed and clinical interviews were conducted with 8 students according to their error patterns. Main errors resulted from the insufficient understanding of prior knowledge such as place value, connection between decimals and fractions, meaning of operations, and computation principles of fractions. In order to help students overcome such obstacles, a teaching experiment was designed in a manner that strengthens a profound understanding of prior knowledge related to decimal computations, and connects such knowledge to actual decimal calculations. This study showed that well-designed lesson plans with base-ten blocks might decrease students' errors by helping them understand decimals and connect their prior knowledge to decimal operations.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.17-24
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• 2010

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of action observational physical training (AOPT) on manual dexterity and corticomotor facilitation in stroke patients. Ten hemiparetic patients participated in this study. Each subject was asked to participate the three conditions; base condition (Base), physical training (PT), AOPT. Participants were asked to observe the action in the video that a therapist moved the blocks during the AOPT conditions. Corticomotor facilitation was determined in three conditions by monitoring changes in the amplitude of motor-evoked potentials (MEPs) elicited in hand muscles by transcranial magnetic stimulation. MEP responses were measured from the first dorsal interosseous after participants attended to three conditions. For the manual dexterity, Box and Block test (BBT) was used. The results of present study were summarized as follows: MEPs amplitude significantly tended to be larger than PT and Base condition. The scores of BBT in the AOPT condition were also significantly larger than other conditions. In conclusion, this finding of present study indicates that physical training for observation of an action is beneficial for enhancing a dexterity of paretic arm in stroke patients.

• 한국수학교육학회지시리즈A:수학교육
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.195-215
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• 2001

The purpose of this paper is to present a specific set of home teaching methods in hopes to prevent slow learner of the elementary mathematics. This paper deals with the number and operations, one of five topics in the elementary mathematics A survey of two hundred elementary school teachers was made to see the teacher's opinions of the role of home studying and to concretize the contents of the research topics. There were asked which is the most essential contents for the concrete loaming and which is the most difficult monad that might cause slow leaner. And those were found to be; counting, and arithmetic operations(addition and subtraction) of one or two-digit numbers and multiplication and their concepts representations and operations(addition and subtraction) of fractions. The home teaching methods are based on the situated learning about problem solving in real life situations and on the active teaming which induces children's participation in the process of teaching and learning. Those activities in teaching each contents are designed to deal with real objects and situations. Most teaching methods are presented in the order of school curriculum. To teach the concepts of numbers and the place value, useful activities using manipulative materials (Base ten blocks, Unifix, etc.) or real objects are also proposed. Natural number's operations such as addition, subtraction and multiplication are subdivided into small steps depending upon current curriculum, then for understanding of operational meaning and generalization, games and activities related to the calculation of changes are suggested. For fractions, this paper suggest 10 learning steps, say equivalent partition, fractional pattern, fractional size, relationship between the mixed fractions and the improper fraction, identifying fractions on the number line, 1 as a unit, discrete view point of fractions, comparison of fractional sizes, addition and subtraction, quantitative concepts. This research basically centers on the informal activities of kids under the real-life situation because such experiences are believed to be useful to prevent slow learner. All activities and learnings in this paper assume children's active participation and we believe that such active and informal learning would be more effective for learning transfer and generalization.