• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.42-48
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• 2001

Allele rescue and sequence analysis of soo1-1 allele in Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant LP0353 revealed that soo1-1 is identical to the previously reported ret1-1 allele, which has a base substitution of A for $G^{681}$ leading to an amino acid substitution of aspartic acid for $glycine^{227}$ in Soolp. However, it was revealed that the addition of osmotic stabilizer, such as 1.2M sorbitol can rescue the temperature sensitive phenotype of the ret1-1 mutant and that the soo1-1/ret1-1 mutation may confer defects in post-translational modification of proteins involved in the yeast cell wall biogenesis. Evidence for a putative role of 5th WD40 domain of the Soo1p/$\alpha$-COP in the construction and maintenance of cell walls was also presented by complementation test with deletion constructs of the SOOl.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.37 no.2 s.107
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• pp.241-247
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• 2004

Isolation and identification of alga-lytic bacteria were carried out. Fifteen isolates of alga-lytic bacteria were screened by the double layer method using A. cylindrica NIES-19 as a sole nutrient and four isolates among them were compared with their alga-lytic activity. The isolate AK-05 exhibiting the highest alga-lytic activity was identified as Acidovorax temperans base on its 16S rDNA sequence. The culture supernatant of the isolate AK-05 was reliable for the alga-lytic. Alga-lytic activity assays of culture supernatant revealed that the major substances for alga-lytic activity were non-proteins and heat stable. The highest alga-Iytic activity was practical under alkaline conditions and at 25${\sim}$$30^{\circ}C$. It is indicating an advantage for the application of water blooms by cyanobacteria in eutrophic lakes where the pH is generally in alkaline region.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.296-303
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• 2010

A peroxiredoxin cDNA (PgPrx) was isolated and characterized from the leaves of Panax ginseng. The cDNA is 716 nucleotides long and has an open reading frame of 489 base pairs with a deduced amino acid sequence of 162 residues. The calculated molecular mass of the mature protein is approximately 17.4 kDa with a predicted isoelectric point of 5.37. A GenBank BlastX search revealed that the deduced amino acid sequence of PgPrx shares a high degree homology with type II peroxiredoxin (Prx) proteins in other plants. The PgPrx gene was highly expressed in leaves, and expressed at a low level in the stem. To analyze the gene expression of PgPrx in response to various abiotic stresses, we utilized real-time quantitative RT-PCR. Our results reveal that PgPrx expression is induced by ultraviolet irradiation, low temperature, and salt. The induction of PgPrx in response to abiotic stimuli suggests that ginseng Prx may function to protect the host against environmental stresses.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1999.07a
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• pp.11-15
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• 1999

In order to evlauate feasibility of the gene tagging by the maize transposable element Ac in heterologous plant systems, we have investigated physical distances and directions of transposition of the element in Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco cultured cell line BY-2. We prepared a T-DNA construct that carried a non-autonomous derivative of Ac with a site for cleavage by endonuclease I-Scel (designated dAc-I-RS element). Another cleavage site was also introduced into the T-DNA region outside dAc-I-RS. A number of transgenic Arabidopsis plants were generated, each of which had a single copy of the T-DNA at a different chromosomal location. To examine the pattern of transposition, three out of these transgenic plants were crossed with the Arabidopsis plant that carried the gene for Ac transposase and progeny in which dAc-I-RS had been transposed were isolated. After digestion of the genomic DNA of these progeny with I-SceI, sizes of segment of DNA were determined byd pulse-field gel electrophoresis. We also performed linkage analysis for the transposed elements and sites of mutations near the elements. Our results with three transgenic lines showed that 50% of all transposition events had occurred within 1,700 kilo-base pairs (kb) on the same chromosome, with 35% within 200 kb, and that the elements transposed in both directions on the chromosome with roughly equal probability. The data thus indicate that the Ac-Ds system is most useful for tagging of genes that are present within 200 kb of the chromosomal site of Ac in Arabidopsis. In addition, determination of the precise localization of the transposed dAc-I-RS element should definitely assist in map-based cloning of genes around insertion sites. In the present paper, we report typical examples of such gene isolation studies.

• Proceedings of the Botanical Society of Korea Conference
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• 1985.08b
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• pp.51-57
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• 1985

In order to evlauate feasibility of the gene tagging by the maize transposable element Ac in heterologous plant systems, we have investigated physical distances and directions of transposition of the element in Arabidopsis thaliana and tobacco cultured cell line BY-2. We prepared a T-DNA construct that carried a non-autonomous derivative of Ac with a site for cleavage by endonuclease I-Scel (designated dAc-I-RS element). Another cleavage site was also introduced into the T-DNA region outside dAc-I-RS. A number of transgenic Arabidopsis plants were generated, each of which had a single copy of the T-DNA at a different chromosomal location. To examine the pattern of transposition, three out of these transgenic plants were crossed with the Arabidopsis plant that carried the gene for Ac transposase and progeny in which dAc-I-RS had been transposed were isolated. After digestion of the genomic DNA of these progeny with I-SceI, sizes of segment of DNA were determined byd pulse-field gel electrophoresis. We also performed linkage analysis for the transposed elements and sites of mutations near the elements. Our results with three transgenic lines showed that 50% of all transposition events had occurred within 1, 700 kilo-base pairs (kb) on the same chromosome, with 35% within 200 kb, and that the elements transposed in both directions on the chromosome with roughly equal probability. The data thus indicate that the Ac-Ds system is most useful for tagging of genes that are present within 200 kb of the chromosomal site of Ac in Arabidopsis. In addition, determination of the precise localization of the transposed dAc-I-RS element should definitely assist in map-based cloning of genes around insertion sites. In the present paper, we report typical examples of such gene isolation studies.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.39 no.6
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• pp.1151-1160
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• 1999

This study was conducted to detect the toxoplasma-specific DNA in peripheral blood collected from cats experimentally infected with Toxoplasma gondii (RH strain) and from domiciled cats by B1 gene-base polymerise chain reaction(PCR). The sensitivity of oligonucleotide primer, T-1 & T-2, designed from toxoplasma B1 gene amplification method was compared with parasite detection by mouse inoculation(MI). And also, latex agglutination test(LAT) and indirect fluorescent antibody test(IFAT) were conducted to detect the fluctuation of serum antibodies compared with the detection of toxoplasma by PCR and MI. Toxoplasma B1 gene PCR was shown consistently high sensitivity and the results obtained by PCR agreed completely with those from MI. All blood samples collected before infection with T gondii gave negative results by PCR and MI. Also, toxoplasma Bl gene PCR was not cross reaction with Neospora caninum DNA and normal cat leucocyte as controls. The toxoplasma-specific DNA was detected by PCR in blood of 5 cats experimentally infected with T gondii 6 days after infection and the detection of this specific-DNA was long lasted in blood for 64 days after infection. The detection of toxoplasma-specific DNA by PCR could be identified as few as 10 tachyzoites and the isolation of T gondii by MI could be isolated as few as 1 tachyzoite from tenfold serial dilution of T gondii with normal cat blood, respectively. In healthy domiciled cats, the toxoplasma-specific DNA and the parasite were detected and isolated in blood from 3 of 56(5.3%) cats by both PCR and MI, respectively. In the results of antibody test from the total 56 heads of healthy domiciled cats, the positive rates are 15(26.7%) by LAT and 19(33.9%) by IFAT. These results suggest that PCR detection of toxoplasma can be applied as a sensitive and specific diagnostic and research tool.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.90-98
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• 2007

The antioxidant activities of water ($H_2O$) and ethanol (EtOH) extracts from hamcho (Salicornia herbacea L.) juice and cake prepared by enzymatic treatments were evaluated by in vitro assays against DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Among the $H_2O$ and EtOH extracts from five different carbohydrases treated, the EtOH extract from viscozyme-treated hamcho cake had higher yield and phenolic content, and exhibited the strongest radical scavenging activity against DPPH ($IC_{50}=186.91\;{\mu}g/mL$), superoxide ($IC_{50}=87.54\;{\mu}g/mL$), and hydroxyl radicals ($IC_{50}=367.07\;{\mu}g/mL$). Antioxidant assay-guided fractionation and purification of the EtOH extract led to isolation and identification of five phenolic compounds, procatechuic, ferulic and caffeic acids, quercetin, and isorhamnetin. Most of these phenolic compounds exhibited considerable DPPH, superoxide, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, and in particular, caffeic and ferulic acids had stronger superoxide and hydroxyl radical scavenging activities than the well-known antioxidant radical scavenger, (+)-catechin (p<0.05). Quercetin and isorhamnetin were the primary compounds responsible for the strong antioxidant activity in the EtOH extract of the viscozyme-treated hamcho cake. Meanwhile, these five phenolic compounds were detected in the EtOH extract of the viscozyme-treated hamcho cake at the following levels (dry base of hamcho); procatechuic acid (1.54 mg%), caffeic acid (6.87 mg%), ferulic acid (8.45 mg%), quercetin (12.63 mg%), and isorhamnetin (6.65 mg%). However, three of these phenolic compounds (procatechuic, caffeic acid, and ferulic acids) were detectable in the $H_2O$ extract of viscozyme-treated hamcho juice. These results suggest that the EtOH extract of viscozyme-treated hamcho cake may be a potential source of natural antioxidants.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.181-184
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• 2001

Chemical Mechanical Polishing(CMP) of Shallow Trench Isolation(STI) structure in 0.18 m semiconductor device fabrication is studied. CMP process is applied for the STI structure with and without reverse moat pattern and End Point Detection (EPD) method is tested. To optimize the transistor properties related metal 1 parameters, we studied the correlation between CMP thickness of STI using high selectivity slurry, DOE of gate etch recipe, and 1st metal DC values. Remaining thickness of STI CMP is proportional to the thickness of gate-etch process and this can affect to gate profile. As CMP thickness increased, the N-poly foot is deteriorated, and the P-Poly Noth is getting better. If CD (Critical Dimension) value is fixed at some point, all IDSN/P values are in inverse proportional to CMP thickness by reason of so called Profile Effect. Weve found out this phenomenon in all around DOE conditions of Gate etch process and we also could understand that it would not have any correlation effects between VT and CMP thickness in the range of POE 120 sec conditions. As CMP thickness increased by 100 ${\AA}$, 3.2 u${\AA}$ of IDSN is getting better in base 1 condition. In POE 50% condition, 1.7 u${\AA}$ is improved, and 0.7 u${\AA}$ is improved in step 2 condition. Wed like to set the control target of CD (critical dimension) in gate etch process which can affect Idsat, VT property versus STI topology decided by CMP thickness. We also would like to decide optimized thickness target of STI CMP throughout property comparison between conventional STI CMP with reverse moat process and newly introduced STI CMP using high selectivity slurry. And we studied the process conditions to reduce Gate Profile Skew of which source known as STI topology by evaluation of gate etch recipe versus STI CMP thickness.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.316-322
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• 2007

Zinc finger transcription factor genes are a significant fraction of the genes in the vertebrate genome. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a human zinc finger-containing gene, ZNF435, from a fetal brain cDNA library. ZNF435 cDNA is 1290 base pairs in length and contains an open reading frame encoding 349 amino acids with four C2H2-type zinc fingers at its carboxyl terminus and a SCAN motif at its amino terminus. RT-PCR results showed that ZNF435 was expressed in all tested tissues. A ZNF435-GFP fusion protein was located in the nucleus and the four zinc fingers acted as nuclear localization signals (NLSs). ZNF435 was found to be capable of homo-association, and this effect was independent of its zinc fingers. Furthermore, ZNF435 proved to be a transcription repressor as its overexpression in AD293 cells inhibited the transcriptional activities of AP-1.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.423-441
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• 2014

The high frequency base balance (HFBB) technique is a convenient and relatively fast wind tunnel testing technique for predicting wind-induced forces for tall building design. While modern tall building design has seen a number architecturally remarkable buildings constructed recently, the characteristics of those buildings are significantly different to those that were common when the HFBB technique was originally developed. In particular, the prediction of generalized forces for buildings with 3-dimensional mode shapes has a number of inherent uncertainties and challenges that need to be overcome to accurately predict building loads and responses. As an alternative to the more conventional application of general mode shape correction factors, an analysis methodology, referred to as the linear-mode-shape (LMS) method, has been recently developed to allow better estimates of the generalized forces by establishing a new set of centers at which the translational mode shapes are linear. The LMS method was initially evaluated and compared with the methods using mode shape correction factors for a rectangular building, which was wind tunnel tested in isolation in an open terrain for five incident wind angles at $22.5^{\circ}$ increments from $0^{\circ}$ to $90^{\circ}$. The results demonstrated that the LMS method provides more accurate predictions of the wind-induced loads and building responses than the application of mode shape correction factors. The LMS method was subsequently applied to a tall building project in Hong Kong. The building considered in the current study is located in a heavily developed business district and surrounded by tall buildings and mixed terrain. The HFBB results validated the versatility of the LMS method for the structural design of an actual tall building subjected to the varied wind characteristics caused by the surroundings. In comparison, the application of mode shape correction factors in the HFBB analysis did not directly take into account the influence of the site specific characteristics on the actual wind loads, hence their estimates of the building responses have a higher variability.