• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.159-169
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to develop a large representative data base of market information for jeans apparel. This study was to observe consumer buying behavior and to determine the market share of various brands depending on several variables such as age and distribution regions. This study also analyzed the major factors in purchasing jeans for 17-29 age groups. The 660 questionnaires were distributed and 618 reliable ones were used for statistical analysis. A SAS statistical package including frequency' table, Chi-square test, factor analysis, analysis of variance(ANOVA), Duncan's multiple range test was used. The results of this study showed that consumer possessed about 6 pairs of jeans and bought about 3 pairs of jeans per year. The most recently purchased brand was Nix. Lots of brands were statistically significant at the segmented three age groups and in the five different distribution regions. The most popular type of design was the basic style. The result of factor analysis indicated 4 factors(quality/comfort, famous brand/fashion, mood/extrinsic attitude, economy). The result of ANOVA represented that three factors among them have influenced on the preferred design types.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.105-115
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• 2004

The 60 subjects of this study were 3rd, and 6th grade elementary and undergraduate university students. The instrument of 44 items had two typical and two atypical exemplars from 11 semantic categories. Each subject was exposed individually to the word list and asked to categorize each item. At test, subjects generated five items that came to mind in each category. Data was analyzed by 2-way ANOVA, age (3) $\times$ category of typicality (2). All main effects and the interaction effect between age and typicality were significant. There were no significant differences among age groups on typical lists while significant differences between university and elementary school students (Grades 3 and 6) were found on atypical lists. Thus, the knowledge base might be an important factor in implicit memory.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.35-43
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to suggest computer assisted neck-base's landmark identification algorithms and measurement extraction methods from three-dimensional human scan data. So we developed the algorithms for automatic identification of landmarks related to the neck-base types. The subjects were 58 women $18{\sim}24$ years of age. Their body were measured directly and indirectly by using camera and three-dimensional body scanner. They were measured during the months of October in 2001. Based on the characters of classified neck-base types, algorithms for the automatic identification of landmarks and methods of automatic measurement are developed. The three-dimensional automatic measuring program is made by $C^{++}$ language. Using this program, 4 landmarks are identified and 6 items are measured. In the verifying the precision of automatic measurement, the height measurements(cervicale, side neck point, front neck point) were relatively accurate, but neck-base width measurement was measured wide.

• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.859-868
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• 2012

Due to a rapidly aging society, the future Korea mortality rate is important for planning national financial strategies and social security policies. Old age mortality statistics are very limited in their ability to project a future mortality rate; therefore, it is essential to accurately estimate the old age mortality rate. In this paper, we show that the CK model with a Relational model as a base model provides accurate estimates of old age mortality rates.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.1371-1374
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• 2015

Background: Tongue cancer is one of the leading sites of cancer in our population. Aim: To evaluate the socio-demographic profiles and stages at diagnosis of oral tongue (OT) and base of tongue (BT) cancers, and identify any possible variations in characteristics. Materials and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on tongue cancer cases, divided into OT and BT, registered at the hospital cancer registry of North-East India during January 2010 to May 2013. Cases were analyzed for age, gender, residential status and different levels of education for patients, the stage at diagnosis and presence of distant metastasis. Results: A total of 1,113 cases of tongue cancers were registered, 846(76.1%) of BT and 267(23.9%) of OT. While 33.9% of BT cancer patients were above 65 years of age, the figure for OT cancers was 18.4%, stages III and IV accounting for 90.8% and 77%, respectively. The relative risk for distant metastasis in OT cancers was 3.3 (95% CI 1.08-10.1, p=0.03). Conclusions: In the subsites of tongue cancers in our population, the majority arose from the base of tongue, these tending to occur in older individuals and presenting at late stage.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.12 no.4 s.51
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• pp.303-308
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• 2005

Various kinds of Mg-Zn-Ca base alloys were rapidly quenched via melt spinning process. The meltspun ternary and quaternary alloy ribbons were heat-treated, and then the effects of additional elements on age hardening behavior and phase change of precipitates were investigated using Vickers hardness tester, XRD, and TEM equipped with EDS system. In ternary alloys, age hardening was mostly due to the distribution of $Mg_6Ca_2Zn_3$ and $Mg_2Ca$. The stable phases of precipitates were varied according to the aging temperature and the alloy composition. With the increase of Ca content, $Mg_2Ca$ precipitates were detected more than $Mg_6Ca_2Zn_3$ precipitates. In quaternary alloys, the precipitates taken from Mg-Zn-Ca-Co were identified as new quaternary phase, whereas those taken from Mg-Zn-Ca-Zr as MgZnCa containing Zr. In general, the ternary alloy showed higher peak hardness and thermal stability than the quaternary considering the total amounts of the solutes. It implies that the structure of precipitate should be controlled to have the coherent interface with the Mg matrix.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.49-58
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• 1978

This investigation was undertaken to know how the bony facial profile could be changed with age. The 5 serial lateral cephalometric roentgenograms of the fourteen boys and fourteen girls between 7 and 11 years of age were studied and the findings seems to warrant the following conclusions. 1. The manaible tended to become more prognathic in relation to the cranial base (S-N) during growth, but the maxilla showed very little change. 2. There was increase in the inclination of the lower border of mandible associated with the increase in mandibular prognathism. 3. There was a tendency to being straight in bony facial profile due to the decrease in angle ANB with age. 4. The chin portion had a tendency to forward and downward growth in relation to the cranial base but there was slight strong tendency in downward growth. 5. The vertical growth was more prominant in the maxilla than in the mandible. 6. There was uniform and gradual increase of all measurements during growth. 7. Dimension of the craniofacial complex was larger in the boys than in the girls but this difference was not statistically significant. 8. Individual variation in skeletal growth was a normal occurrence.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.3_4 s.141
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• pp.502-510
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to identify neck shapes of women by classifying their neck-base types according to the shapes of neck and analyzing the characteristics of each type. The subjects were 58 women $18\~24$ years of age. Their body were measured directly and indirectly by using camera, 3-dimensional body scanner. The anthropometric measurements were composed of 17 items. They were measured during the months of October in 2001 The results and discussions of this study are as follows. There were three kinds of neck-base type. The first type was slant from the back neck-base to the side neck-base, and slant from the side neck-base to the front neck-base. The second type was gentle from the back neck-base to the side neck-base, and gentle from the side nect-base to the front neck-base. finally, the third type was gentle from the back neck-base to the side neck-base, and slant from the side neck-base to the front neck-base. Hopefully, understanding the shapes of neck and characteristics of each neck-base type will help to suggest computer assisted neck-base's landmark identification algorithms and measurement extraction methods from three-dimensional body scan data.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1-15
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to clarify of the distribution routes of cosmetics by their types and differences in choosing them according to ages with the ones in choosing brand by the type according to them. The subjects of the study were females aged 20 plus living in Seoul and Gyeonggi Province between January and February 2008, and 427 questionnaires were used for analysis. For data analysis SPSS 17.0 statistical program was used, and principal component analysis, frequency analysis, ${\chi}^2-test$, ANOVA test and Duncan test were conducted. The results and conclusions of this study are as follows: first, cosmetics store use by product type was examined. Department stores were used most often to purchase skincare, base and color products, while large cosmetics stores were used most frequently to buy hair and body products. Second, The result of the differences in choosing brand by type of cosmetics has found that there are the meaningful differences between Korean low and middle priced brands and foreign high priced ones in skincare and base products. The Korean low and middle priced brands of skin care products show that various distribution routes are simultaneously and highly used as choices in internet, cosmetics specialty stores and large general ones are higher than other distribution routes. Color products have found that there are the meaningful differences in the entire brands. Hair and body products have found that there are the meaningful differences in three brands except the Korean high priced brands. Third, the differences in cosmetics store selection by age were investigated. As for online purchasing, people in their 20's were most likely than other age groups to purchase online. Meanwhile, in case of other stores including door-to-door sales and home shopping, people aged 40 and older were more prone than other age groups to purchase base, color and body products through these stores.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.41-47
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• 1984

The study was carried out to investigate the optimum marketing weight of broiler to maximize income from broiler rasing. The change of broiler prices between 10% above or below from present base did not affect to net income ratio to income and investment efficiency. In the case of feed price was 10% down from present base, broiler farmer's income was the highest when marketed at 76 days of age, and net income was highest when marketed at 61 days of age. In the case of feed price was 10% rise from present base, broiler farmer's income was highest when marketed at 18 days of age and net income ratios to income and investment efficiency were highest when marketed broilers as 53 and 57 days of age.