• 제목/요약/키워드: bacterial wilt

검색결과 171건 처리시간 0.028초

Inhibition of Verticillium Wilt in Cotton through the Application of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ZL6 Derived from Fermentation Residue of Kitchen Waste

  • Qiuhong Niu;Shengwei Lei;Guo Zhang;Guohan Wu;Zhuo Tian;Keyan Chen;Lin Zhang
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제34권5호
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    • pp.1040-1050
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    • 2024
  • To isolate and analyze bacteria with Verticillium wilt-resistant properties from the fermentation residue of kitchen wastes, as well as explore their potential for new applications of the residue. A total of six bacterial strains exhibiting Verticillium wilt-resistant capabilities were isolated from the biogas residue of kitchen waste fermentation. Using a polyphasic approach, strain ZL6, which displayed the highest antagonistic activity against cotton Verticillium wilt, was identified as belonging to the Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bioassay results demonstrated that this strain possessed robust antagonistic abilities, effectively inhibiting V. dahliae spore germination and mycelial growth. Furthermore, P. aeruginosa ZL6 exhibited high temperature resistance (42℃), nitrogen fixation, and phosphorus removal activities. Pot experiments revealed that P. aeruginosa ZL6 fermentation broth treatment achieved a 47.72% biological control effect compared to the control group. Through activity tracking and protein mass spectrometry identification, a neutral metalloproteinase (Nml) was hypothesized as the main virulence factor. The mutant strain ZL6ߡNml exhibited a significant reduction in its ability to inhibit cotton Verticillium wilt compared to the strain P. aeruginosa ZL6. While the inhibitory activities could be partially restored by a complementation of nml gene in the mutant strain ZL6CMߡNml. This research provides a theoretical foundation for the future development and application of biogas residue as biocontrol agents against Verticillium wilt and as biological preservatives for agricultural products. Additionally, this study presents a novel approach for mitigating the substantial amount of biogas residue generated from kitchen waste fermentation.

아이코사노이드 생합성 저해제인 벤질리덴아세톤의 점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae)와 세균성풋마름병 세균(Ralstonia solanacearum)에 대한 억제효과 (Inhibitory Effects of an Eicosanoid Biosynthesis Inhibitor, Benzylideneacetone, Against Two Spotted Spider Mite, Tetranychus urticae, and a Bacterial Wilt-causing Pathogen, Ralstonia solanacearum)

  • 박예슬;김민제;이건형;천원수;이영근;김용균
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제13권3호
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    • pp.185-189
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    • 2009
  • 모노터핀의 일종인 벤질리덴아세톤은 곤충병원세균인 Xenorhabdus nematophila의 대사산물이다. 이 물질의 주요 생물활성은 인지질 분해효소인 phospholipase $A_2$를 억제하는 것이다. 이 효소는 아이코사노이드 생합성 반응의 최초 결정단계를 촉매하는 것으로 이 아이코사노이드는 곤충의 면역 반응을 중개하는데 중요하다. 본 연구는 벤질리덴아세톤을 점박이응애(Tetranychus urticae)에 처리하였고, 이 물질의 농도 증가에 따라 응애의 치사율이 높아지는 실내 생물검정 결과를 얻었다. 이에 따라 야외 사과원에 피해를 주는 점박이응애 집단에 처리한 결과 현재 상용화하고 있는 살비제와 비교하여 같은 수준의 살비효과를 나타냈다. 벤질리덴아세톤은 또한 3종의 식물병원세균 배양액에 첨가한 경우 이들 세균의 성장을 억제하였다. 특히 세균성풋마름병을 일으키는 Ralstonia solanacearum에 대해서 현격한 억제효과가 나타났다. 이 세균 균주는 어린 감자묘에 병원성을 나타냈으며, 벤질리덴아세톤은 이 병 발생을 억제시켰다. 이 연구결과는 벤질리덴아세톤이 응애와 식물병 세균을 방제하는 데 새로운 작물보호제로서 개발될 수 있다고 제시한다.

Effect of Iron Availability on Induction of Systemic Resistance to Fusarium Wilt of Chickpea by Pseudomonas spp.

  • Saikia, Ratul;Srivastava, Alok K.;Singh, Kiran;Arora, Dilip K.;Lee, Min-Woong
    • Mycobiology
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    • 제33권1호
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 2005
  • Selected isolates of Pseudomonas fluorescens (Pf4-92 and PfRsC5) and P. aeruginosa (PaRsG18 and PaRsG27) were examined for growth promotion and induced systemic resistance against Fusarium wilt of chickpea. Significant increase in plant height was observed in Pseudomonas treated plants. However, plant growth was inhibited when isolates of Pseudomonas were used in combination with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceri (FocRs1). It was also observed that the Pseudomonas spp. was colonized in root of chickpea and significantly suppressed the disease in greenhouse condition. Rock wool bioassay technique was used to study the effect of iron availability on the induction of systemic resistance to Fusarium wilt of chickpea mediated by the Pseudomonas spp. All the isolates of Pseudomonas spp. showed greater disease control in the induced systemic resistance (ISR) bioassay when iron availability in the nutrient solution was low. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis indicated that an the bacterial isolates produced more salicylic acid (SA) at low iron ($10\;{\mu}M$ EDDHA) than high iron availability ($10\;{\mu}Fe^{3+}$ EDDHA). Except PaRsG27, all the three isolates produced more pseudobactin at low iron than high iron availability.

Contribution of the murI Gene Encoding Glutamate Racemase in the Motility and Virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum

  • Choi, Kihyuck;Son, Geun Ju;Ahmad, Shabir;Lee, Seung Yeup;Lee, Hyoung Ju;Lee, Seon-Woo
    • The Plant Pathology Journal
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.355-363
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    • 2020
  • Bacterial traits for virulence of Ralstonia solanacearum causing lethal wilt in plants were extensively studied but are not yet fully understood. Other than the known virulence factors of Ralstonia solanacearum, this study aimed to identify the novel gene(s) contributing to bacterial virulence of R. solanacearum. Among the transposon-inserted mutants that were previously generated, we selected mutant SL341F12 strain produced exopolysaccharide equivalent to wild type strain but showed reduced virulence compared to wild type. In this mutant, a transposon was found to disrupt the murI gene encoding glutamate racemase which converts L-glutamate to D-glutamate. SL341F12 lost its motility, and its virulence in the tomato plant was markedly diminished compared to that of the wild type. The altered phenotypes of SL341F12 were restored by introducing a full-length murI gene. The expression of genes required for flagella assembly was significantly reduced in SL341F12 compared to that of the wild type or complemented strain, indicating that the loss of bacterial motility in the mutant was due to reduced flagella assembly. A dramatic reduction of the mutant population compared to its wild type was apparent in planta (i.e., root) than its wild type but not in soil and rhizosphere. This may contribute to the impaired virulence in the mutant strain. Accordingly, we concluded that murI in R. solanacearum may be involved in controlling flagella assembly and consequently, the mutation affects bacterial motility and virulence.

Suppression of Fusarium Wilt Caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae and Growth Promotion on Lettuce Using Bacterial Isolates

  • Yadav, Dil Raj;Adhikari, Mahesh;Kim, Sang Woo;Kim, Hyun Seung;Lee, Youn Su
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제31권9호
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    • pp.1241-1255
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    • 2021
  • This study was carried out to explore a non-chemical strategy for enhancing productivity by employing some antagonistic rhizobacteria. One hundred eighteen bacterial isolates were obtained from the rhizospheric zone of various crop fields of Gangwon-do, Korea, and screened for antifungal activity against Fusarium wilt (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae) in lettuce crop under in vitro and in vivo conditions. In broth-based dual culture assay, fourteen bacterial isolates showed significant inhibition of mycelial growth of F. oxysporium f. sp. lactucae. All of the antagonistic isolates were further characterized for the antagonistic traits under in vitro conditions. The isolates were identified on the basis of biochemical characteristics and confirmed at their species level by 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. Arthrobacter sulfonivorans, Bacillus siamensis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Pseudomonas proteolytica, four Paenibacillus peoriae strains, and Bacillus subtilis were identified from the biochemical characterization and 16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis. The isolates EN21 and EN23 showed significant decrease in disease severity on lettuce compared to infected control and other bacterial treatments under greenhouse conditions. Two bacterial isolates, EN4 and EN21, were evaluated to assess their disease reduction and growth promotion in lettuce in field conditions. The consortium of EN4 and EN21 showed significant enhancement of growth on lettuce by suppressing disease caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. lactucae respectively. This study clearly indicates that the promising isolates, EN4 (P. proteolytica) and EN21 (Bacillus siamensis), can be commercialized and used as biofertilizer and/or biopesticide for sustainable crop production.

고추 풋마름병 예찰 모형 개발 (Development of a Forecasting Model for Bacterial Wilt in Hot Pepper)

  • 김지훈;김성택;윤성철
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제18권4호
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    • pp.361-369
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    • 2012
  • 고추 풋마름병 예찰을 위한 개체군 모형을 개발하였다. 이 모델은 포장에서 고추 시들음을 일으키는 풋마름병원균의 월동 후 1차 감염 시기를 예측할 수 있는 모델이다. 이 모델은 감염환 중 병원균의 밀도와 기주에서의 병원성에 관여하는 요인이 발병의 주요소라 가정하여 만든 것이다. 병원균 증식은 재배 지역 토양 내부와 기주뿌리 내부에서 모의하였다. 뿌리에서 풋마름병 발병에 영향을 주는 주된 환경요소는 온도 및 감염 초기의 병원균 밀도로 가정하였고, 이 두 요소의 액체 배양액에서 증식실험을 통해 정량화 하였다. 또한 고추묘에서 온도에 따라 발병이 얼마나 달라지는 정도를 실험실 실험을 통해 접종원의 감염 수준을 정량화하여 감염을 모의하는 발병모형을 만들었다. 토양에 서식하는 병원균은 400 cells/g이상에서 기주 뿌리에 성공적으로 침입하고 뿌리내에서 온도에 따라 증식하다가 $10^9$ cells/g 이상이면 최소 고사율에 도달하므로, 이 시기를 풋마름병이 최초 감염(1차 감염)되는 초발일로 추정하였다. 2010년과 11년 전국 기상청 종관관측 자료를 통해 풋마름병을 예측한 결과 2011년에 초발일은 대부분의 지역에서 7월 중순과 하순이었는데 이는 2010년에 비해 10-15일 빠른 것이었다. 또한 경기도 지역내에서 종관관측 자료와 실제 논과 과수원 포장 관측 기상 자료로 구동된 모델 초발일을 비교한 결과 포장 기상 자료의 초발일이 1-3일 빠르게 나타났다.

세균성 시들음병에 대한 식물성 유산균(Lactobacillus sp.)의 저해효과 (Antagonistic Effect of Lactobacillus sp. Strain KLF01 Against Plant Pathogenic Bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum)

  • 아누파마슈레스타;최규업;임춘근;허장현;조세열
    • 농약과학회지
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.45-53
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    • 2009
  • KLF01으로 명명된 세균이 토마토의 뿌리에서 분리 되었고 생화학적, 유전학적 검증을 통해 Lactobacillus sp.로 동종 되었다. In vitro 실험에서 식물성 세균인 Ralstonia solanacearum를 비롯하여, Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri, Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, Eriwinia pyrifoliae, Eriwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora group에게도 저해 효과를 나타내는 것으로 확인되었다. 고추와 토마토를 이용한 in vivo 실험에서는 특히 R. solanacearum에 대해 대조구와 비교 시들음병의 진행을 저해하는 것으로 관찰되었다.

노루궁뎅이버섯 수확후 배지 추출물의 토마토에 발생하는 식물병원균에 대한 생육억제 효과 (Effect of Spent Mushroom Substrates of Hericium erinaceum on Plant Pathogens of Tomato)

  • 이상엽;강희완;김정준;한지희
    • 한국균학회지
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    • 제43권3호
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    • pp.185-190
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    • 2015
  • 노루궁뎅이버섯(Hericium erinaceus) 수확후 배지의 물 추출액은 토마토 역병균 등 7종의 곰팡이와 풋마름병균에 대하여 항균활성을 나타내었다. 토마토 풋마름병에 대하여 노루궁뎅이버섯 수확후 배지의 물 추출액 33% (1:3)와 50% (1:2)은 58.3%, 83.3%의 방제효과를 각각 나타내었다.

PCR-based Specific Detection of Ralstonia solanacearum by Amplification of Cytochrome c1 Signal Peptide Sequences

  • Kang, Man-Jung;Lee, Mi-Hee;Shim, Jae-Kyung;Seo, Sang-Tae;Shrestha, Rosemary;Cho, Min-Seok;Hahn, Jang-Ho;Park, Dong-Suk
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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    • 제17권11호
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    • pp.1765-1771
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    • 2007
  • A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method was developed to detect the DNA of Ralstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt in various crop plants. One pair of primers (RALSF and RALSR), designed using cytochrome c1 signal peptide sequences specific to R. solanacearum, produced a PCR product of 932 bp from 13 isolates of R. solanacearum from several countries. The primer specificity was then tested using DNA from 21 isolates of Ralstonia, Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, Xanthomonas, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. dianthi. The specificity of the cytochrome c1 signal peptide sequences in R. solanacearum was further confirmed by a DNA-dot blot analysis. Moreover, the primer pair was able to detect the pathogen in artificially inoculated soil and tomato plants. Therefore, the present results indicate that the primer pair can be effectively used for the detection of R. solanacearum in soil and host plants.

Isolation and Characterization of Bacteriophages Infecting Ralstonia solanacearum from Potato Fields

  • Lee, Jihyun;Park, Tae-Ho
    • 식물병연구
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    • 제22권4호
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    • pp.236-242
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    • 2016
  • Bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum is one of the most devastating diseases in major Solanaceae crops. The pathogen is easily disseminated and survives for many years in plant farming system. Although chemicals are applied to control the disease, they are of limited efficacy and cause several problems. Therefore, the use of phage therapy has been suggested to control the disease as a biological agent. In this study, we discovered bacteriophages lysing diverse Ralstonia isolates from plant and soil samples obtained from the potato cultivated field in Jeju. Three times repeated pickings of plaques resulted in obtaining 173 single phages showing diverse spectrum of host-specificity. With the results, 12 core phages were selected and dendrogram was generated. Genetic diversity of the selected phages was also confirmed by AFLP (Amplified Fragment of Length Polymorphism) fingerprinting. The stability of the phages was investigated in various temperatures and various conditions of pH in vitro. The phages were stable at $16^{\circ}C-44^{\circ}C$ and pH 6-10. Morphological characterization of the phages revealed they were all classified into the Podoviridae, but had diverse head sizes. The results of this research will contribute to control the disease and further researches regarding genetic and molecular aspects will facilitate understanding phage and bacteria interaction.