• Animal Bioscience
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• v.35 no.8
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• pp.1250-1257
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• 2022

Objective: Low fat duck meat sausages were prepared by replacing the fat in the formulations with soy protein isolate (SPI) and inulin to find the best formulation having superior shelf-life without affecting its quality attributes. Methods: Four sausage mix formulations were prepared viz.control (0% SPI and inulin), T₁ (2.5% inulin), T₂ (2.5% SPI), and T₃ (2.5% SPI+2.5% inulin) replacing duck fat as per the recipe. Five batches of duck meat sausages of each formulation were prepared, and the final products were evaluated for physico-chemical, organoleptic, and microbiological qualities. Results: The % moisture and crude protein content of the sausages revealed an increasing trend (p<0.01) from control to the treated formulations, while the % total ash contents were found to be non-significant (p>0.05). On the contrary, the per cent ether extract decreased significantly (p<0.01) from the control to the treated groups. In terms of calorie value, control samples exhibited the highest values with a significant (p<0.01) regression from control to treated formulation, respectively. The colour profile study (L, a^*, b^*) of the formulations were found to be non-significant. Texture profile study in terms of springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness, and resilience revealed no significant difference in all the treatment groups except the hardness scores, which revealed a significantly (p<0.01) increasing trend from control to the treated formulations. The total viable count showed a significant decrease in the treated groups. However, there was a significant increase in the bacterial load during the storage till day 15th. The total viable psychrophilic bacterial count showed a significant (p<0.01) increase in bacterial load from day 5th to 15th day of storage. Colititre counts were negative for all the formulations until the 15th day of storage. Conclusion: The present study results may conclude that duck meat sausages could be prepared satisfactorily by replacing duck fat with SPI and inulin at the rate of 2.5% of each with superior quality attributes.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.251-259
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• 2010

A bacterial colony was isolated from the gut of the bean bug, Riptortus clavatus. From morphological and biochemical tests, the bacterial isolate showed the highest similarity to Staphylococcus succinus. DNA sequence of 16S rRNA gene of the bacterium supported the identification. Oral administration of penicillin G to adults of R. clavatus gave a dose-dependent mortality of adults of R. clavatus to adults along with significant decrease of the bacterial population in the gut. Similarly, three metabolites (benzylideneacetone, proline-tyrosine, and acetylated phenylalanine-glycine-valine) derived from an entomopathogenic bacterium, Xenorhabdus nematophila, also inhibited growth of the gut bacterial population and gave significant mortalities to R. clavatus. These results suggest that a gut bacterial population classified as Staphylococcus sp. is required for survival of R. clavatus and that the three bacterial metabolites had toxic effects on the bugs due to their antibacterial properties.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.432-439
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• 2021

Microbial community plays important roles in the culture environment of mud crab Scylla serrata. One of the environmental management efforts for the cultivation of S.serrata is by stabilizing microorganisms involved in nitrogen cycle process. The availability of dissolved inorganic nitrogen in its culture environment under a recirculating system closely relates to the nitrogen cycle, which involves both anaerobic and aerobic bacterial activities. Anaerobically, there are two major nitrogen compound degradation processes, i.e., denitrification and dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA). This study aimed to identify denitrifying and DNRA bacteria isolated from the recirculating cultivation of S. serrata. The water samples were collected from anaerobic filters called close filter system, which is anaerobically conditioned with the addition of varying physical filter materials in the recirculating mud crab cultures. The results showed that three denitrifying bacterial isolates and seven DNRA bacterial isolates were successfully identified. The phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene of the denitrifying bacteria revealed that HIB_7a had the closest similarity to Stenotrophomonas daejeonensis strain MJ03. Meanwhile, DNRA bacterial isolate of HIB_92 showed a 100% similarity to Bacillus sonorensis strain N3, Bacillus vallismortis strain VITS-17, Bacillus tequlensis strain TY5, Geobacillus sp. strain DB24, Bacillus subtilis strain A1, and Bacillus mojavensis strain SSRAI21. This study provides basic information denitrifying and DNRA bacterial isolates identity which might have the potential to be applied as probiotics in aquaculture systems in order to maintain optimal environmental conditions.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.291-294
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• 2008

The Streptomyces padanus isolate TH04, isolated from mummified peaches, showed strong antifungal activity to Monilinia fructicola. The inhibition activity of the isolate TH04 to mycelial growth and spore germination at 1% concentration of sub-antifungal powder made from culture suspension (CS) was ranged from 79.8% to 81.0% and from 73.9% to 75.8% to M. fructicola four strains, respectively. In the test of antifungal activity in mixed culture of the isolate and M. fructicola, inhibition rate was 7.5%, 86.8% and 94.0% in 0.01, 0.1, and 1% concentration of CS containing bacterial cell of the isolate, respectively. On apples (cultivar; Fuji), the control values of the isolate TH04 crude filtrates (0.1 and 1%) were 85.9% and 100%, respectively. The results suggest that the isolate TH04 indicate development possibility as biocontrol agent of brown rot caused by M. fructicola with the study on delivery method and fermentation condition to produce an antifungal compound.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.439-444
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• 1996

Microorganisms were collected to isolate the microbes producing Kochujang flavor from 3 kinds of traditional Kochujang. The strain B7 and Y20 which scored the highest sensory evaluation value among 400 microorganisms were finally selected. Also, they showed the most similar flavor pattern to the traditional Kochujang's by comparison of GC chromatogram after sniffing test. As the result of the result of the morphological and physiological experiments, the bacterial strain B7 could be identified Bacillus licheniformis and the yeast strain Y20 Saccaromyces dairensis. Especially, the bacterial strain B7 could grow in anaerobic condition and was able to hydrolysis the starch that was the major component in Kochujang.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.145-150
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• 1990

The effects of environmental factors on degradation of Aroclor 1242 were investigated with four Gram-negative bacterial isolates. Their biodegradabilities of the Aroclor were well correlated to their growth rates on the Aroclor added as a sole carbon and energy source. The optimum concentration of the Aroclor for biodegradation of the substrate in MM2 medium was 0.5mg/ml in HK-100, HK-123, and MS-1003 strains, but 1 mg/ml in DJ-26 strain. The optimum temperature and pH were $30^{\circ}C$ and 7.0, respectively, for all the strains. On the basis of the results which the strain of DJ-26 showed the highest degradability of the Aroclor as well as the highest growth rate under the optimum environmental conditions, the bacterial isolate identified as Pseudomonas sp. was found to be a strain usable for treatment of the toxic and recalcitrant chemical pollutants, such as polychlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.346-352
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• 1995

For isolation of antibiotic-producing bacteria antagonistic to Fusarium oxysporum, a total of 327 microorganisms were screened from sesame-growing soils collected at various locations in Korea by the modified Herr's triple-agar-Iayer technique. Among the 36 bacterial isolates further screened by the dual culture test on tryptic soy agar, 10 were tested to show their antagonistic activity against 14 plant pathogenic fungi. Bacterial culture filtrates were shown either to inhibit some phytopathogenic fungal growth or to suppress F. oxysporum infection of sesame plants maintained in the green house. An isolate, B23, with the most prominent antagonistic activity was identified as Bacillus subtilis.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.225-230
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• 2021

A 4-year-old gelding Thoroughbred racehorse, which had been undergoing antibiotic therapy at a local veterinary clinic, was referred to the KRA veterinary center with a 20-day history of continuous right nasal discharge. Patient's history, endoscopic examination, and radiographic examination revealed primary maxillary sinusitis. Under sedation, surgical intervention was performed to collect samples and remove the accumulated mucopurulent exudate in the sinus. Swab samples were collected from the sinus during surgery for cytology and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Only one type of bacteria was cultured, and molecular analyses of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences identified it as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The isolate was resistant to multiple antibiotics, which are frequently used in equine practice. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole was chosen based on antibiotic susceptibility test, trephination, and sinus lavage using saline were applied to treat bacterial sinusitis. The clinical signs improved after 1 month and the patient resumed training. This report describes S. aureus isolated from bacterial maxillary sinusitis in a horse and its antibiotic susceptibility.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2002.04a
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• pp.86.1-86
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• 2002

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.207-213
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• 1993

Total 176 alginate-degrading bacterial strains were isolated from marine moluscus, marine echonodermata, seaweed, and soils. Among the isolates, five strains (No. 28, 51, 79, 135, and 145) had higher level of alginate-degrading activity. The isolate No. 28, 51, 79, and 135 were identified as the genus Enterobacter and the strain No. 145 as the genus Vibrio. We used these strains to examine the optimal conditions for the production of alginate-degrading activity.