• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.39-42
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• 2015

Actinomycosis is a subacute or chronic suppurative infection caused by Actinomyces species, which are anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria that normally colonize the human mouth and digestive and urogenital tracts. Cervicofacial actinomycosis is the most frequent clinical form of actinomycosis, and is associated with odontogenic infection. Characterized by an abscess and mandibular involvement with or without fistula, but the cervicofacial form of actinomycosis is often misdiagnosed because the presentation is not specific and because it can mimic numerous infectious and non-infectious diseases, including malignant tumors. We report a rare case of actinomycosis infection with coexisting submandibular sialolithiasis. The patient presented with a $1{\times}1cm$ abscess-like lesion below the lower lip. Punch biopsy of the lesion revealed atypical squamous cell proliferation with infiltrative growth, suggestive of squamous cell carcinoma. The patient underwent wide excision of this lesion, where the lesion was found to be an abscess formation with multiple submandibular sialolithiases. The surgical specimen was found to contain Actinomyces without any evidence of a malignant process. We assumed that associated predisposing factors such as poor oral hygiene may have caused a dehydrated condition of the oral cavity, leading to coexistence of actinomycosis and sialolithiasis.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.124-127
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• 2000

Beneficial bacteria, which have been used for medical purpose and for medicines for treating intestinal disorders, include strains of Bifidobacterium sp., Lactobacillus sp., Enterococcus sp., Clostridium butyricum, Lactobacillus sporogenes, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus polyfermenticus and the like. Bacillus polyfermenticuss SCD with is commonly called as Bispan strain has been appropriately used for the treatment of long-term intestinal disorders, since the live strains in the form of active endospores can successfully reach the target intestine. In this study, the identification and characterization of Bispan strain was done using SEM observation, API 50CHB kits, isoprenoid quinone analysis, and fatty acid analysis. These results suggest that Bispan strain is very similar to Bacillus subtilis.

• BMB Reports
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• 제40권6호
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• pp.1050-1057
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• 2007

Peptide deformylase (PDF) is a metalloenzyme that removes the N-terminal formyl groups from newly synthesized proteins. It is essential for bacterial survival, and is therefore-considered as a potential target for antimicrobial chemotherapy. However, some bacteria including medically relevant pathogens possess two or more def-like genes. Here we have examined two PDFs from Bacillus cereus. The two share only 32% sequence identity and the crystal structures show overall similarity with PDF2 having a longer C-terminus. However, there are differences at the two active sites, and these differences appear to contribute to the activity difference seen between the two. BcPDF2 is found as a dimer in the crystal form with two additional actinonin bound at that interface.

• Molecules and Cells
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.407-415
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• 2009

The sirtuins are a protein family named after the first identified member, S. cerevisiae Sir2p. Sirtuins are protein deacetylases whose activity is dependent on $NAD^+$ as a cosubstrate. They are structurally defined by two central domains that together form a highly conserved catalytic center, which catalyzes the transfer of an acetyl moiety from acetyllysine to $NAD^+$, yielding nicotinamide, the unique metabolite O-acetyl-ADP-ribose and deacetylated lysine. One or more sirtuins are present in virtually all species from bacteria to mammals. Here we describe a phylogenetic analysis of sirtuins. Based on their phylogenetic relationship, sirtuins can be grouped into over a dozen classes and subclasses. Humans, like most vertebrates, have seven sirtuins: SIRT1-SIRT7. These function in diverse cellular pathways, regulating transcriptional repression, aging, metabolism, DNA damage responses and apoptosis. We show that these seven sirtuins arose early during animal evolution. Conserved residues cluster around the catalytic center of known sirtuin family members.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제45권2호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2012

Among the major nutrients, phosphorus is by far the least mobile and available to plants in most soil conditions. A large portion of soluble inorganic phosphate applied to soil in the form of phosphate fertilizers is immobilized rapidly and becomes unavailable to plants. To improve the plant growth and yield and to minimize P loss from soils, the ability of a few soil microorganisms converting insoluble forms into soluble forms for phosphorus is an important trait in several plant growth-promoting microorganisms belonging to the genera Bacillus and Pseudomonas and the fungi belonging to the genera Penicillium and Aspergillus in managing soil phosphorus. The principal mechanism of solubilization of mineral phosphate by phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) is the release of low molecular weight organic acids such as formic, acetic, propionic, lactic, glycolic, fumaric, and succinic acids and acidic phosphatases like phytase synthesized by soil microorganisms in soil. Hydroxyl and carboxyl groups from the organic acids can chelate the cations bound to phosphate, thereby converting it into soluble forms.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.383-391
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• 1989

This study was carried out to diagnostic test for bovine mastitis by the determination of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) based on firefly bioluminescence. The results obtained are follow; 1. The infection rate of bovine mastitis investigated with 521 cows in 47 dairy farms were found to be 3.6% of clinical form and 44.1% of subclinical form according to the degree of infection. 2. The light yield produced in firefly bioluminescence system was proportional to the concentration of ATP giving stright line within the range of 100PM~1uM. 3. When the number of somatic cell in milk was determined by the ATP assay and compared with three conventional methods such Fossomatic, California mastatic test (CMT), and rolling ball viscometer (RBV), it was shown that r=0.92 for Fossomatic, 0.63 for CMT and 0.7 for RBV. 4. The microorganisms causing mastitis were isolated Staphylococcus sp. (53.3%), Streptococcus sp. (17.9%), Micrococcus sp. (13.5%), Gram negative bacilli (6.3%), Gram positive bacilli (5.5%) and Yeast-like fungi (5.4%). 5. The endogeneous ATP levels of bacteria in a raw milk determined by the firefly bioluminescence system and compared with the results of the conventional methods. The correlation was 0.88 for raw milk.

• 유기물자원화
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.126-137
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• 2006

고농도 암모니아성 질소를 함유한 프로피온산의 처리시 유기물과 입상슬러지의 거동을 평가하기 위하여 12개월간 상향류 혐기성 슬러지 블랭킷 (UASB) 반응조를 운전하였다. UASB 반응조의 경우 암모니아성 질소 농도 6000mg-N/L까지는 80%의 COD 제거가 가능하였다. 암모니아성 질소 농도를 고농도로 유지하는 경우 유출수의 프로피온산의 농도는 증가하였으나 초산 농도는 상대적으로 매우 낮게 유지되었다. 암모니아성 질소 농도 8000mg-N/L에서는 낮은 메탄 발생량에도 불구하고 유출수의 휘발성 현탁 고형물 농도가 증가하였으며, 이는 입상슬러지의 체외고분자 물질의 감소에 기인하는 것으로 판단된다. 개미산, 초산 및 프로피온산을 기질로 이용한 비메탄 활성도는 암모니아성 질소 농도 증가에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 일반화된 비선형 모델을 이용하여 산정한 동력학적 상수값은 개미산, 초산 및 프로피온산을 기질로 사용한 경우 각각 3.279, 0.999 및 0.609로 나타났다. 비메탄 활성도에 50% 저해를 미치는 암모니아성 질소 농도는 개미산, 초산 및 프로피온산을 기질로 이용한 경우 각각 2666, 4778 및 5572mg-N/L로 나타나 수소 이용 메탄균의 저해가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났다. 입상슬러지는 대나무 모양(bamboo-shape form)의 methanothrix 형태의 미생물이 주종을 이루고 있으며, hydrogen-producing acetogens와 hydrogen-consuming methanogens이 존재하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.359-366
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• 1993

Molds are eucaryotic, multicellular, multinucleate, filamentous organisms that reproduce by forming asexual and sexual spores. The spores are readily spread through the air and because they are very light-weight and tend to behave like dust particles, they are easily disseminated on air currents. Molds therefore are ubiquitous organisms that are found everywhere, throughout the environment. The natural habitat of most molds is the soil where they grow on and break down decaying vegetable matter. Thus, where there is decaying organic matter in an area, there are often high numbers of mold spores in the atmosphere of the environment. Molds are common contaminants of plant materials, including grains and seeds, and therefore readily contaminate human foods and animal feeds. Molds can tolerate relatively harsh environments and adapt to more severe stresses than most microorganisms. They require less available moisture for growth than bacteria and yeasts and can grow on substrates containing concentrations of sugar or salt that bacteria can not tolerate. Most molds are highly aerobic, requiring oxygen for growth. Molds grow over a wide temperature range, but few can grow at extremely high temperatures. Molds have simple nutritional requirements, requiring primarily a source of carbon and simple organic nitrogen. Because of this, molds can grow on many foods and feed materials and cause spoilage and deterioration. Some molds ran produce toxic substances known as mycotoxins, which are toxic to humans and animals. Mold growth in foods can be controlled by manipulating factors such as atmosphere, moisture content, water activity, relative humidity and temperature. The presence of other microorganisms tends to restrict mold growth, especially if conditions are favorable for growth of bacteria or yeasts. Certain chemicals in the substrate may also inhibit mold growth. These may be naturally occurring or added for the purpose of preservation. Only a relatively few of the approximately 100,000 different species of fungi are involved in the deterioration of food and agricultural commodities and production of mycotoxins. Deteriorative and toxic mold species are found primarily in the genera Aspergillus, Penicillium, Fusarium, Alternaria, Trichothecium, Trichoderma, Rhizopus, Mucor and Cladosporium. While many molds can be observed as surface growth on foods, they also often occur as internal contaminants of nuts, seeds and grains. Mold deterioration of foods and agricultural commodities is a serious problem world-wide. However, molds also pose hazards to human and animal health in the form of mycotoxins, as infectious agents and as respiratory irritants and allergens. Thus, molds are involved in a number of human and animal diseases with serious implication for health.

• 생명과학회지
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• 제27권10호
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• pp.1161-1167
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• 2017

본 연구는 양식업에 막대한 경제적인 손실을 야기시키는 세균성 어류질병인 Vibrio anguillarum을 예방하고 억제하기 위한 목적을 두고, 제주 연안에 서식하는 군소 알로부터 특징적인 균주를 분리 하였다. 이를 16S rRNA 염기서열 분석, 형태학적 특성을 통해 균을 동정하여 Phaeobacter inhibens KJ-2로 명명하였다. Phaeobacter inhibens KJ-2 균주는 Vibrio sp.에 대해 강한 항균 활성을 갖고 있으며, 항균물질의 생산특성을 배양조건에 따라 검토하였으며, 그 결과 진탕 배양의 경우 $20^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 배양 후, 정치 배양의 경우 96시간 배양 후 항균 활성이 가장 높게 나타났다. 진탕 배양 및 정치 배양 모두 4시간 후부터 생육도는 낮았으나 항균 물질 생산을 시작하였다. 생육도가 거의 없는데도 불구하고 항균물질이 생산이 이루어졌는데, 이는 QS (Quorum Sensing)의 신호 물질인 AHLs과 관련이 있다고 사료되며, AHLs의 생성능은 항균 활성과 거의 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 이런 배양특성을 바탕으로 항균 활성을 검토한 결과 V. anguillarum외 다른 Vibrio sp.에 대해서도 항균활성을 나타내었다. 특히 Vibrio vulnificus, Vibrio campbellii, Vibrio mimicus에 대해 높은 저해능을 나타내었다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.452-457
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• 2007

본 실험은 백합의 생리활성 기능을 탐색하여 기능성 식품의 원료로 활용하기 위해 구근, 잎, 꽃을 3부분으로 구분하여 부위별 추출물의 총 페놀함량, 전자 공여능, SOD 유사활성, hydroxyl radical scavenging activity 및 항균성을 측정하였다. 백합 부위별 총 페놀함량에서는 L. davidii 잎 0.068 mg/mL, L. lancifolium 구근 0.039 mg/ml로 나타났다. 플라보노이드 함량은 L. davidii 잎 0.72 mg/mL, L. lancifolium 구근 0.65 mg/ml로 측정되어 백합 품종 및 부위에 따라 페놀성 화합물의 함량에 큰 차이가 있었다. 백합 에탄올 추출물의 SOD 유사활성 측정결과 L. davidii 의 잎 82.7 ${\pm}$ 2.8%, 꽃 66.1 ${\pm}$ 6.7% 구근 50.6 ${\pm}$ 2.0%로 잎에서 가장 높았다. L. lancifolium 에탄올 추출물은 잎 74.9 ${\pm}$ 3.5%, 꽃 73.9 ${\pm}$ 4.1% 및 구근 60.0 ${\pm}$ 4.7%로 나타났다. 백합 부위별 에탄올 추출물의 hydroxyl radical 소거능 측정결과 L. davidii 에탄올 추출물의 소거능은 잎 81.8 ${\pm}$ 2.7%, 꽃 81.4 ${\pm}$ 4.6%, 구근 80.9 ${\pm}$ 7.1% 이었고 L. lancifolium 추출물은 잎 76.4 ${\pm}$ 4.6%, 꽃 81.4 ${\pm}$ 4.6%, 구근 84.5 ${\pm}$ 1.2%로 나타나 품종별, 부위별로 hydroxyl radical 소거능에 큰 차이는 나타나지 않았다. L. davidii 추출물의 전자 공여능 측정 결과 잎 24.9 ${\pm}$ 5.6%, 꽃 14.9 ${\pm}$ 0.4%, 구근 13.798 ${\pm}$ 8.0% 이었고 L. laneifolium 추출물은 잎 15.1 ${\pm}$ 0.7%, 꽃 17.3 ${\pm}$ 0.0%, 구근 13.3 ${\pm}$ 0.2%의 순으로 나타났다. 또한 백합 부위별 추출물을 이용한 그램 양성 균주에서 항균효과 측정 결과는 B. subtilis와 S. enteritidis 에서도 L. davidii, L. lancifolium 의 잎과 꽃에서 10 mm 이상의 clear zone을 형성하였고, 특히 B. subtilis에서는 L. lancifolium 의 꽃 부위에서 항균효과가 높았다. 또한 Gram 음성 균주에서는 Listeria monocytogenes 및 E coli 에서 L. davidii, L. laneifolium의 잎과 꽃에서 10mm 이상의 clear zone을 형성하였으며, L. davidii의 꽃과 L. laneifolium의 꽃, 잎에서 12mm 이상의 높은 항균효과를 나타내었다.