• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.06a
• /
• pp.255-258
• /
• 2009

Leading developed countries have studied energy self-sufficient houses such as zero or low energy buildings to reduce energy consumption for buildings since the early 1990s. Moreover, some developed countries have actually constructed self-sufficient houses and operated them for demonstration, expanding use of such houses. Korea has also established Zero Energy Solar House(ZeSH) and studied energy independence. Therefore, this study analyzed research result regarding ZeSH, self-sufficient energy house hold of Korea, found out technologies used for heating energy independence, used building interpretation program(ESP_r) to evaluate performance of each factors and analyzed energy reduction quantitatively. Results from the research are as follows: Reduction rate of actual detached house's heating load was also analyzed quantitatively depending on application of each technology. When each factor was applied step-by-step, annual reduction rate of heating load depending on increase in insulation thickness reached 6.6~22.2 %. Annual reduction rate of heating load depending on increase insulation thickness, and change in window heating performance and area ratio reached 31.5 %. Annual reduction rate of heating load through high-sealing and high-insulation depending on change in leakage rate reached 40.0~88.9 %. Annual reduction of heating load, when Mass Wall and attached sun space was applied were applied reached 28.5~39.2 %, respectively.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.739-743
• /
• 2005

Subcondylar fractures have generally been treated by intermaxillary fixation except in cases where there is an absolute indication for open reduction. The reason behind a less aggressive surgical approach lies on the inherent difficulties in manipulating fragments in such a small area at the risk of damaging facial nerves or vessels such as the internal maxillary artery. However, long-term follow-up studies showed that conservative treatment of subcondylar fractures results in disturbances of occlusal function, deviation of the mandible, internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint, and ankylosis of the joint. We carried out open reduction of dislocated subcondylar fractures in 14 patients from 2000 to 2004 by a retromandibular approach. After the reduction of fractured bone, two H-shaped miniplates with 6 holes were fixed with screws at the anterior and posterior surfaces of the subcondyle. The retromandibular approach allowed good access and easy manipulation of the subcondyle. Immediate relief from malocclusion and correction of mandibular midline shifting were observed in all patients. Late temporomandibular dysfunction and ankylosis were not observed. Open reduction with plate osteosynthesis made it possible to avoid IMF in 7 of the 14 patients. The present study shows that open reduction through this retromandibular approach can produce good outcome in adult patients with subcondylar fracture.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.18-24
• /
• 2020

The counter-flow jet from a supersonic/hypersonic vehicle causes a structural change in the shock wave generated around the aircraft, which can lead to reduced drag and heat loads. Since the idea is to mount a counter-flow jet device for drag reduction in the aircraft, it is necessary to understand the effect of such a device on the entire aircraft. In this study, the effect of drag reduction due to counter-flow jet on a conventional rocket configuration was analyzed through CFD analysis. The results showed that the drag reduction effect was the largest in the blunt region and that the counter-flow jet also affected the downstream of the aircraft. The analysis indicated that the drag reduction effect by the counter-flow jet was about 10 to 25 % when targeting the entire rocket-shaped area, while the effect was as high as 50% when targeting only blunt objects.

• KIEAE Journal
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.3-8
• /
• 2011

This study was carried out for analysing the relationship of environmental factors and the reduction rate of land compensation of six urban development projects near waste landfill sites located in the Seoul metropolitan area. For a close investigation, 24 variables were selected but only 4 environmental variables were identified to have high correlation to the reduction rate of compensation. These are fine particles(PM10), bad smell, the ratio of a greening zone of land and park, and the distance in straight line from the landfill site. Two variables-PM10 and bad smell-were found to have an effect on the average reduction rate of land compensation by correlation analysis. On the other hand, the ratio of a greening zone and the distance in straight line from the landfill site have been rejected for the significance test. The result of regression analysis of six models for the search of affecting variables on the reduction rate of compensation is that PM10 and bad smell have the impact ratio of more than 0.5. But the ratio of greening zone and the distance from the landfill are not significant factors, having the impact ratio of 0.025~0.045 except one model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aviation and Aeronautics
• /
• v.26 no.4
• /
• pp.155-163
• /
• 2018

The development in air transport increases noise around the airport. In order to reduce the noise around the airport, International Civil Aviation Organization has made a lot of effort since the 1970s and Many countries, including South Korea, are implementing many noise reduction policies. This paper investigates those noise reduction policies of medium-sized airports with similar frequency to Gimpo, Jeju and Gimhae airports in South Korea and compares eleven airports in Europe, eleven airports in Asia and five airports in America, including Oceania. According to the research, European countries developed and applied the navigation procedure to avoid the noise area according to the characteristics of the airport. In Asia, there are not as many domestic noise reduction policies. In case of the United States, it provides information only on noise-sensitive areas around airports. After having investigated various policies, this research has examined the noise reduction policy of South Korea. It is concluded that new navigation procedures which reduce noise should be developed.

• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.23 no.6
• /
• pp.269-273
• /
• 2022

Naso-orbito-ethmoidal (NOE) fractures are complicated fractures of the mid-face. The treatment of NOE fractures is challenging and a comprehensive treatment strategy is required. We introduce a case of NOE fracture treated with open reduction and suspension sutures. A 28-year-old woman presented with a unilateral NOE fracture. To reduce the frontal process of the maxilla, a suspension suture was made by pulling the fragment using a double arm suture via a transcaruncular incision. The suture thread was placed in the horizontal plane. Another suspension suture on the inferior orbital rim assisted reduction procedure, and they passed through the overlying skin. The reduction alignment could be finely adjusted by tightening the transcutaneous suture threads while checking the degree of bone alignment through the subciliary incision. The two suture threads were suspended using a thermoplastic nasal splint. An additional skin incision on the medial canthal area, which would have resulted in a scar, could be avoided. Four months postoperatively, computed tomography showed an accurate and stable reduction. The patient was satisfied with her aesthetic appearance, and functional deficits were not present.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
• /
• 2002.10a
• /
• pp.284.3-285
• /
• 2002

Paraquat(methyl viologen) is a bis-quaternary ammonium compound as a wide range herbicide. which was first introduced as an oxidation-reduction indicator dye. When paraquat(fatal dose. 1-2g) was administered to men, the oxido-reduction system of cell was repeatedly acted to perpetuate the cell membrane system, Many death cases had been occurred after ingestion of paraquat around Daejon area for the last six months. (omitted)

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2006.08a
• /
• pp.1491-1494
• /
• 2006

We report a method for reducing the address discharge delay. The address discharge delay was reduced when the MgO protective layer was made on the dielectric area which was made rough intentionally. The delay reduction was more pronounced in the formative delay.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.10a
• /
• pp.402-403
• /
• 2009

A variety of power reduction technologies is introduced and the benefits of the technologies are discussed. PenTile$^{(R)}$ DBLC (Dynamic Brightness LED Control) combined with SABC (Sensor-Based Adaptive Brightness Control) enables to achieve the average LED power consumption to one third. The panel power reduction of 25% can be achieved with low power driving technology, ALS (Active Level Shifter). MIP (Memory In Pixel) is expected to be useful in transflective display because the whole display area can be utilized in reflective mode with power consumption of 1mW.

• Proceedings of the Earthquake Engineering Society of Korea Conference
• /
• 1998.10a
• /
• pp.85-92
• /
• 1998

As an analytical approach, the area reduction formula of rubber bearings has been proposed to account for the reduction in bucking load due to shear. The result obtained from the formula is presumed to be conservative but the degree of conservatism is unknown. This paper describes a numerical study which aims at determining the effect of high shear strain on the critical load of rubber bearings using a finite element analysis program. The results from the finite element analysis which accounts for both the material and geometric non-linearities are compared against the theoretical results in order to examine the validity of the theoretical formulas.