• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.340-345
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• 2008

Extract of Acanthopanax senticosus has recently been demonstrated to possess significant antidiabetic potential, in accordance with the traditional use of this plant as an antidiabetic natural health product. The present study evaluated the effects of fermented extract (FE) of this plant on glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, glucose uptake, and streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes model. A 3 h pretreatment with FE prevented $IL-1{\beta}$ and $IFN-{\gamma}$ toxicity in isolated rat islets. However, it did not affect insulin-stimulated glucose uptake in C2C12 myotubes. In addition, pretreatment of mice with FE blocked the destruction of streptozotocin-induced islets and the development of type 1 diabetes. FE reduced blood glucose level, increased insulin secretion, and improved glucose tolerance in streptozotocin-treated mice, whereas nonfermented extract (NFE) had moderate effects. Immunohistochemical staining for insulin clearly showed that pretreatment with FE blocked the STZ-induced islets destruction and restored the number of islet cells that secreted insulin to the level of the control. Although the active principles and their mechanisms of action remain to be identified, FE may nevertheless represent a novel complementary therapy and a source of novel therapeutic agents against type 1 diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.239-243
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• 2014

Background: To investigate the antidiabetic effects of hydrolyzed ginseng extract (HGE) for Korean participants in an 8-wk, randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Methods: Impaired fasting glucose participants [fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ${\geq}5.6mM$ or < 6.9mM who had not been diagnosed with any disease and met the inclusion criteria were recruited for this study. The 23 participants were randomly divided into either the HGE (n = 12, 960 mg/d) or placebo (n = 11) group. Outcomes included measurements of efficacy (FPG, postprandial glucose, fasting plasma insulin, postprandial insulin, homeostatic model assessment-insulin resistance, and homeostatic model assessment-${\beta}$) and safety (adverse events, laboratory tests, electrocardiogram, and vital signs). Results: After 8 wk of HGE supplementation, FPG and postprandial glucose were significantly decreased in the HGE group compared to the placebo group. No clinically significant changes in any safety parameter were observed. Our study revealed that HGE is a potent antidiabetic agent that does not produce noticeable adverse effects. Conclusion: HGE supplementation may be effective for treating impaired fasting glucose individuals.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.488-496
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• 2015

This study was done to investigate the antidiabetic and antioxidant effects of Cibotium barometz in Streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by intravenous injection of STZ at a dose 45mg/kg.b.w. dissolved in citrate buffer(pH4.5). The ethanol extract of Cibotium barometz was orally administrated once a day for 7 days. The contents of serum glucose, triglyceride(TG) and total cholesterol were significantly decreased(p<0.05) in Cibotium barometz treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group, The content of glutathione(GSH) and activity of gluthathione-s-transferase(GST) were significantly increased (P<0.05) in Cibotium barometz treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. and activityes of catalase(CAT) and glutathione peroxidae(GSH-Px) were signiicantly decreased (P<0.05) in Cibotium barometz treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. Also the content of hepatic glycogen and activities of glucose-phosphate dehydrogenase(G-6-PDH)and glucokinase(GK) were significamtly increased(p<0.05), but activity of glucose-6-phosphatase (G-6-Pase) was significamtly decreased (p<0.05) in Cibotium barometz treated group compared to the those of STZ-control group. These results indicated that ethanol extract of Cibotium barometz would have antidiabetic and antioxidant effects in STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.56 no.1
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• pp.24-34
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• 2023

Purpose: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) continues to increase worldwide, and blood glucose control may reduce mortality from diabetic complications and healthcare costs. Mulberry twig (MT) has been used as a herbal medicine in Asia, and its antidiabetic efficacy has recently been reported, but research in this area is still limited. This study examined the antidiabetic effects of water extracts of MT in diabetic animals. Methods: Six weeks old male ICR mice were divided randomly into three groups; normal control (NC, n = 10), DM control (DC, n = 10), and MT (n = 10). Streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg/day) was injected intraperitoneally into mice in the DC and MT groups for 5 consecutive days. After 10 days of the last STZ injection, the mice in the MT group were administered orally with MT water extracts (5 g/kg body weight) for 16 days. Results: The MT water extracts ameliorated the swelling of the liver in the diabetic mice and reduced the elevated levels of fasting blood and plasma glucose, total cholesterol (T-CHO), low density lipoprotein-CHO, and the ratio of high density lipotrotein (HDL)-CHO/T-CHO. The liver triglyceride (TG) and glycogen contents were also significantly lower in the MT group mice than in the DC group. The small intestine disaccharidase activity was analyzed to understand the therapeutic effects and the mechanism of MT water extracts in diabetic animals. MT group mice showed reduced lactase and sucrase activity in the proximal part of the small intestine. On the other hand, body weight, plasma insulin, TG, HDL-CHO, and hepatic T-CHO levels were similar in the DC and MT groups. Conclusion: These results suggest that MT water extracts have antidiabetic effects and can be developed as a functional source to reduce the postprandial blood glucose or to prevent DM incidence.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.947-952
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• 2008

The unripe fruit of Momordica charantia (MC) has been shown to possess antidiabetic activity. However, the mechanism of its antidiabetic action has not been fully understood. In this study, the effects of the aqueous ethanolic extract of MC (AEE-MC) were evaluated on the apoptosis in pancreatic $\beta$-cells treated with a combination of the cytokines, interleukin (IL)-$1{\beta}$, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-$\alpha$, and interferon (IFN)-$\gamma$. In MIN6N8 cells, the inhibitory effect of AEE-MC was significantly observed at 2 to 50 ${\mu}g/mL$: a 26.2 to 55.6% decrease of cytoplasmic DNA fragments quantified by an immunoassay. The molecular mechanisms, by which AEE-MC inhibited $\beta$-cell apoptosis, appeared to involve the inhibition on the expression of p21, Bax, and Bad, the up-regulation of Bcl-2 and Bcl-$X_L$, and the inhibition on the cleavage of caspase-9, -7, and -3 and poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase. This study suggests that MC may inhibit cytokine-induced apoptosis in $\beta$-cells and, thus, may contribute via this action to the antidiabetic influence in diabetes.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2013

Leaf of Sasa borealis, a species of bamboo, has been reported to exhibit anti-hyperglycemic effect. However, its antidiabetic mechanism is not fully understood. In this study, we examined whether an extract of S. borealis activates AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and exerts anti-hyperglycemic effects. Treatment with the S. borealis extract increased insulin signaling and phosphorylation of AMPK and stimulated the expression of its downstream targets, including $PPAR{\alpha}$, ACO, and CPT-1 in C2C12 cells and $PPAR{\alpha}$ in HepG2 cells. However, inhibition of AMPK activation attenuated insulin signaling and prevented the stimulation of AMPK target genes. The S. borealis extract increased glucose uptake in C2C12 cells and suppressed expression of the gluconeogenic gene, PEPCK in HepG2 cells. The extract significantly reduced blood glucose and triglyceride levels in STZ-induced diabetic mice. The extract enhanced AMPK phosphorylation and increased Glut-4 expression in the skeletal muscle of the mice. These findings demonstrated that the S. borealis extract exerts its anti-hyperglycemic effect through activation of AMPK and enhancement of insulin signaling.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.51 no.5
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• pp.301-306
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• 2007

Rosiglitazone ($Avandia^{(R)}$) represents a new class of antidiabetic drugs which are $PPAR{\gamma}$ agonists. The present study was undertaken to determine whether the new antidiabetic rosiglitazone influences on the agonist-induced regulation of vascular smooth muscle contraction as an antihypertensive and, if so, to investigate the related mechanism. Endothelium-denuded arterial rings from male Sprague-Dawley rats were used and isometric contractions were recorded using a computerized data acquisition system. Rosiglitazone decreased Rho-kinase activating agonist (NaF or thromboxane $A_2$ mimetic)-induced contraction but not depolarization- or phorbol ester-induced contraction. Surprisingly, it slightly potentiated the latter contraction possibly opening a voltage-dependent calcium channel by its chemical structure on 50 mM KCI- or $1{\mu}M$ phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate-induced vasoconstriction. In conclusion, this study provides the evidence and possible related mechanism concerning the biphasic effect of an antidiabetic rosiglitazone as a possible antihypertensive on the agonistinduced contraction in rat aortic rings regardless of endothelial function.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.567-572
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• 2010

This study examined the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities of an ascidian (Halocynthia roretzi) in rats in vivo. Rats were fed on experimental diet including dried ascidian powder (200 mg/kg body weight) for 4 weeks, and then the triglyceride and total cholesterol levels in blood were analyzed. On the ascidian tunic powder diet, the triglyceride level decreased by more than 20.9% and the total cholesterol content decreased by more than 24.4%. In comparison, the triglyceride and total cholesterol level in the blood of rats fed ascidian meat powder decreased only slightly. Therefore, the ascidian tunic powder might be a healthy food with antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effects.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.24 no.5
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• pp.713-723
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• 2015

This study was performed to investigate the physicochemical activities such as mineral contents, antioxidantant activities, ${\partial}$-glucosidase activity, and angiotensin I-converting enzyme(ACE) inhibitory effect of Dangmyon (starch vermicelli) prepared with mulberry leaves powder. Mulberry leaves powder was added in ratio (w/w) of 0% (CON), 0.5% (MD1), 1.0% (MD2), 1.5% (MD3), and 2.0% (MD4), and then mineral contents, total polyphenol contents, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive activities of the Dangmyon were measured. The mineral contents were significantly increased by the addition of mulberry leaves powder (p<0.001). The total polyphenol contents and antioxidant activities of Dangmyon were significantly increased by the addition of mulberry leaves powder (p<0.05). In terms of antidiabetic and antihypertensive activities showed MD1~MD4 samples higher contents of ACE and ${\alpha}$-glucosidase compared to control (p<0.05). Our findings suggest that addition of mulberry leaves powder to Dangmyon may improve the effects of anti-oxidation, anti-DM, and anti-hypertension and provide health benefits of consumers.

• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.175-180
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• 2008

Objecitivies : While Glechoma longituba (Nakai) Kupr(GL) has been known as a antiinflammatory, antidiabetic and antihypertension medicine in korea traditional medicine, there has been only a few researches about it in Korea. Thus, we examined antidiabetic effect of GL in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin Methods : To verify the effects of GL on serum glucose, creatinine, BUN, total cholesterol and triglyceride through streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, some rats were injected 1 time with 55mg/kg streptozotocin intraperitoneally to induce diabetes, and other rats were injected with buffer I.P. as control group. Results : GL extracts significantly reduced the amount of serum glucose, BUN, creatinine, and triglyceride level in diabetics rats induced by streptozotocin. Conclusions : According to above result, Glechoma longituba was expected to be applied to the treatment of diabetes mellitus.