• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.217-223
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• 2010

To evaluate the antiallergic effect of fermented Ixeris sonchifolia (IS, family Compositae), we prepared IS kimchi, isolated lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from it, fermented IS with these LAB, and investigated their antiallergic effects. IS kimchi inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction induced by an IgE-antigen complex as well as the scratching behavior induced by compound 48/80 or histamine more potently than IS. When IS was fermented with LAB isolated from IS kimchi, its antiallergic effects was also increased. Of LAB used for fermentation, Lactobacillus brevis more potently increased the antiallergic effects. Its main constituents, chlorogenic acid and luteolin, potently inhibited the PCA reaction induced by the IgE-antigen complex as well as the pruritis induced by compound 48/80 or histamine. These constituents inhibited the expression of pro inflammatory and allergic cytokines, TNF-$\alpha$. and IL-4, and transcription factor NF-${\kappa}B$ activation induced by the IgE-antigen complex in RBL-2H3 cells, as well as the degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells induced by the IgE-antigen complex. Luteolin more potently inhibited these allergic reactions than chlorogenic acid. These findings suggest that the antiallergic effect of IS can be increased by LAB fermentation, and the fermented IS might improve allergic reactions such as pruritus, anaphylaxis, and inflammation.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 2008

Ginseng (the root of Panax ginseng CA Meyer, family Araliacease), which is used in Korea, China and Japan as a herbal medicine, was fermented with Ganoderma lucidum (GL) and their antiallergic effects were investigated. Of GLs used for fermentation, KCTC 6283 potently produced ginsenoside Rh2, followed by KFRI M101. KCTC 6532, and ginsenoside Rd, followed by KFRI M101. Oral administration of these fermented ginseng extracts inhibited allergic reactions, passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction induced by IgE and scratching behaviors induced by compound 48/80. Of them, the ginseng extract fermented by KCTC 6532 and KFRI M101 potently inhibited allergic reactions compared to that fermented by KCTC 6283. These findings suggest that the fermentation of ginseng with GL can increase its antiallergic activity and the increment of its antiallergic effect may be due to the biotransformation of ginseng saponins to ginsenosides Rd and Rh2.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.80-85
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• 2005

Antiallergic and antipsoriatic effects of korean Red Ginseng (KRG, steamed root of panax ginseng C.A. Meyer, Family Araliaceae) were measured. Orally administered KRG water extract potently inhibited passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). KRG water extract also showed the potent inhibition in oxazolone-induced mouse dermatitis, and suppressed mouse ear swelling by $39\%$ at 16 days at a dose of $0.1\%$. KRG water extract reduced the levels of mRNA of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, $IL-1\beta$, $TNF-\alpha$ and $INF-\gamma$ increased in oxazolone-applied mouse ears, however, did not inhibit that of IL-4. KRG water extract also inhibited iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expression level of RAW264.7 cell induced by lipopolysaccharide. Based on these findings, we suggest that KRG can improve atopic and contact dermatitis by the regulation of $ IL-1\beta$ and $TNF-\alpha$ produced by macrophage cells and $interferon-\gamma$ produced by Th1 cells.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.1003-1009
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• 2008

This study was performed to determine the effects of $\gamma$-irradiation on the antiallergic activity of alginate. An alginate aqueous solution was $\gamma$-irradiated at 3, 5, 7, 10, 20, and 100 kGy. First, the molecular weight (Mw) of alginate rapidly decreased as the $\gamma$-irradiation dose increased up to 20 kGy. Then, the antiallergic activity of the $\gamma$-irradiated alginate was measured. Interlukin (IL)-4 cytokine and IgE level were significantly decreased in the $\gamma$-irradiated alginate groups as compared to the control group in vitro. The mice intraperitoneally administered with the $\gamma$-irradiated alginate exhibited lower ovalbumin-specific IgE and IgG1 level in serum than the control mice. Furthermore, the $\gamma$-irradiated alginate suppressed total and ovalbumin-specific IgE secretions in the splenocytes. Increased IL-2 level was observed in the culture supernatants of the splenocytes that were obtained from the mice administerd with the $\gamma$-irradiated alginate, while IL-4 level decreased. The present study indicates that $\gamma$-irradiated alginate can suppress allergy in a mouse allergy model.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.308-313
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• 2008

Ixeris dentata (ID, family Asteraceae), called Seumbakuy in Korea, was fermented with lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and their antiallergic activities were investigated. Fermentation of ID with Bifidobacterium breve or Lactobacillus acidophilus increased its inhibition of degranulation in RBL-2H3 cells induced by the IgE-antigen complex. Oral administration of these extracts to mice inhibited the passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA) reaction induced by the IgE-antigen complex and scratching behaviors induced by compound 48/80. The fermented ID more potently inhibited the PCA reaction and scratching behaviors than the non-fermented one. These extracts also inhibited mRNA expression of TNF-${\alpha}$ and IL-4, as well as NF-${\kappa}B$ activation in RBL-2H3 cells induced by the IgE-antigen complex. These findings suggest that LAB fermentation improves ID-mediated inhibition of IgE-induced allergic diseases such as rhinitis and asthma, and that ID works by inhibiting degranulation and NF-${\kappa}B$ activation in mast cells and basophils.

• Advances in Traditional Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2000

Although Oriental medicines have long been used effectively in treating many diseases throughout the world, the pharmacological mechanisms of most Oriental medicines used have not been defined. As part of our continuing search for biologically active antiallergic drugs from natural sources, Oriental medicines were analyzed. Some Oriental medicines have been used against various allergic diseases for generations, and still occupies an important place in traditional medicine in Korea. It is also still unclear how Oriental medicine prevents allergic disease in experimental animal models. Some Korean folk medicines inhibited the mast cell-mediated allergic reaction. This review summarizes the effective folk medicine in experimental effect of allergic reaction. Potential antiallergic folk medicines include: Poncirus trifoliata; Siegesbeckia glabrescence; Solanum lyratum; Aquilaria agallocha; Ulmi radicis; Polygonum tinctorium; Hwanglyun-Haedok-Tang; Rehmannia glutinosa; Kum- Hwag-San; Syzygium aromaticm; Spirulina platensis; Sosiho-Tang; Sinomenium acutum; Schizonepta tenuifolia; Shini-San; Magnoliae flos; Sochungryoung-Tang; Oryza sativa; Cryptotympana atrata; Salviae radix; Rosa davurica; Asiasari radix; Chung-Dae-San; and Cichorium intybus. Understanding the mechanisms of action for these Oriental medicines can permit drug development and laying of the ground-work for evaluating potential synergistic effects by addition and subtraction of prescriptions.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.405-413
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• 2001

Objective: Experimental studies were done to research the effects of Jahap-san(zige-san) on the allergic reaction Methods: For measuring the response about the antiallergic effect we investigated cytokines m-RNA expression of murine splenic B cell, production in anti-CD40 mAb-stimulated murine splenic B cells and the histamine release in IC-2 cells by anti-CD40 mAb-stimulated murine splenic B cells. Results: The extract of Jahap-san(zige-san) revealed significant decrease effect on cytokines m-RNA expression of murine splenic B cell, production in anti-CD40 mAb-stimulated murine splenic B cells and the histamine release in IC-2 cells by anti-CD40 mAb-stimulated murine splenic B cells. Conculusion : The extract of Jahap-san(zige-san) revealed significant effect on the antiallergy.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.528-533
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• 2002

To evaluate the antithrombotic and antiallergic properties of rhaponticin extracted from Rhei Rhizoma, the in vitro and ex vivo inhibitory activities of rhaponticin and its metabolite, rhapontigenin, were measured. These compounds inhibited in vitro ADP- and collagen-induced platelet aggregation. Rhapontigenin was more potent, with $IC_{50}$ values of 4 and $70{\;}{\mu}g/ml$, respectively. In ex vivo ADP- and collagen-induced rat platelet aggregation, these compounds also exhibited a potent inhibitory effect. The antiplatelet aggregation effects of rhaponticin and rhapontigenin were more potent than those of aspirin. Rhapontigenin showed significant protection from death due to pulmonary thrombosis in mice. Rhapontigenin also showed the strongest inhibitory activity against $\beta-hexosaminidase$ release induced by DNP-BSA. These compounds inhibited PCA reaction in mice. Rhapontigenin intraperitoneally administered showed the strongest inhibitory activity and significantly inhibited PCA at doses of 25 and 50 mg/kg, with inhibitory activities of 48 and 85%, respectively. The inhibitory activity of orally administered rhaponticin was stronger than that of intraperitoneally administered rhaponticin. These results suggest that rhaponticin, in the rhizome of Rhei Rhizoma, is a prodrug that has extensive antiallergic and antithrombotic properties.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.357-369
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• 1992

Actions for 48-hour homolgous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (48-hr PCA) and chemical mediators were investigated in mice and rats. The hyaluronidase activity, which was used in the in vitro screening test of the antiallergic action, was significantly inhibited by Magnoiliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Forsythiae Fructus, Alpiniae Fructus, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and Ponciri Fructus among twelve medicinal plants and tranilast as a comparative drug of the antiallergic action. In the mouse ear, 48-hr PCA was significantly inhibited by intraperitoneal (i.p.) pretreatment with Magnoliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Ponciri Fructus, Ledebouriellae Radix and tranilast. And also, the increment of vascular permeability induced by histamine or serotoin was inhibited significantly by i.p. pretreatment with Magnoliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus, Anemarrheuae rhizoma, Zizyphi Fructus and tranilast. In the rat dorsal skin, the increment of vascular permeability induced by histamine or serotonin was significantly inhibited by i.p. pretreatment with Magnoliae Flos, Acyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma and tranilast. And also, the increment of vascular permeability induced by compound 48/80 or calcium ionophore A 23187 was significantly inhibited by i.p. pretreatment with Magnoliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus, Amemarrhenae Rhizoma, Zizyphi Fructus, Ledebouriellae Radix, Lithospermi Radix and tranilast. These results suggest that each water extracts of Magnoliae Flos, Achyranthis Radix, Alpiniae Fructus and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma have especially antiallergic activities.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.282-290
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• 2019

Background: Ginsenoside Rg3 (G-Rg3) is the major bioactive ingredient of Panax ginseng and has many pharmacological effects, including antiadipogenic, antiviral, and anticancer effects. However, the effect of G-Rg3 on mast cell-mediated allergic inflammation has not been investigated. Method: The antiallergic effects of G-Rg3 on allergic inflammation were evaluated using the human and rat mast cell lines HMC-1 and RBL-2H3. Antiallergic effects of G-Rg3 were detected by measuring cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), detecting calcium influx, and using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blotting, and in vivo experiments. Results: G-Rg3 decreased histamine release from activated mast cells by enhancing cAMP levels and calcium influx. Proinflammatory cytokine production was suppressed by G-Rg3 treatment via regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases/nuclear factor-kappa B and receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIP2)/caspase-1 signaling pathway in mast cells. Moreover, G-Rg3 protected mice against the IgE-mediated passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction and compound 48/80-induced anaphylactic shock. Conclusion: G-Rg3 may serve as an alternative therapeutic agent for improving allergic inflammatory disorders.