• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.25-31
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• 2013

Objectives : To develop a natural antioxidant and anti-hemolytic agents, we investigated the effects of ethanol extracts of Carpesii Fructus and Farfarae Flos. Methods : Aerial parts of Carpesii Fructus and Farfarae Flos were extracted with 80% ethanol. Antioxidant activity of Carpesii Fructus or Farfarae Flos extract was evaluated by employing three different assays, i.e., 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-suphonic acid) diammonium (ABTS) scavenging and reducing power activities. Also, anti-hemolytic activity of Carpesii Fructus or Farfarae Flos extract was determined using [2,2'-azobis (2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH)]-induced hemolysis, glutathione (GSH) depletion and malondialdehyde (MDA) formation in normal rat red blood cells (RBC) or plasma. Results : The extracts obtained from Carpesii Fructus and Farfarae Flos dose-dependently increased the scavenging activity on DPPH- or ABTS-induced radicals and the reducing power activities. Carpesii Fructus and Farfarae Flos were similar to the scavenging activity and the reducing power of butylated hydroxy anisole effect at high concentration ($1,000{\mu}g/mL$). RBC oxidative hemolysis and plasma MDA formation induced by AAPH were significantly suppressed by the extracts of Carpesii Fructus and Farfarae Flos in a dose-dependent manner. Also, Carpesii Fructus and Farfarae Flos extracts prevented the depletion of cystosolic antioxidant GSH in RBCs. Carpesii Fructus generally had better than the free radical scavenging activity, the reducing power and anti-hemolytic effects of Farfarae Flos. Conclusions : These results suggest that Carpesii Fructus and Farfarae Flos may have value as the potential antioxidant and anti-hemolytic medicinal plant.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.837-851
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• 1999

In order to inverstigate interactive effects of Samultang(SMT) and SMT composition and the principle of prescription, I examined the effects of SMT and combination of three components of SMT, In C57BL/6 mouse with oral administration of SMT and cyclophosphamide(CTX) treatment, white blood cells, platelet were counted. Also, those were anti-anemia effect for rat which have hemolytic anemia induced by phenylhydrazine. The results were summerized as follows : 1. In vivo analysis of the effect of the SMT by orally administrated C57BL/6 mice with the SMT and was treated with cyclophosphamide (CTX). When the number of white blood cell. platelet was counted, there was ameliorative effects of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia as a protection to CTX. 2. It was acknowledged that SMT and its composition increased RBC count and hemlytic significantly in rat which have hemolytic anemia. 3. Among SMT composition Angelicae gigantis Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma solution and among the combination group Rehmanniae Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma combination and SMT solution showed significant effects for hemoglobin and weight of spleen in mouse which have hemolytic anemia. Thus it was acknowledged that Rehmanniae Radix and Cnidii Rhizoma combination had effect to improve hemoglobin and weight of spleen. From above these results it was acknowledged that SMT has effects that ameliorative effects of leucopenia or thrombocytopenia as a protection to CTX and anti-anemic effect for the rat which have hemolytic anemia induced by phenylhydrazine and these effects depend upon its combination of SMT composition. Especially it was acknowleged, though there are the slight difference according to combination, that Paeoniae Radix Alba combination had improving effect for physical change. So it is though that Paeoniae Radix Alba is main material for this kind of disease and continuous study is needed.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.130-140
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• 2011

Objectives: This study was performed in order to investigate the anti-hemolytic effect of Chunghyuljihwang-tang(CHJHT, Qingxuedihuang-tang) on phenylhydrazine-induced hemolytic anemia in Rats. Materials and Methods: Hemolytic anemia model of rats were induced by phenylhydrazine(PHZ, 40mg/kg/day, i.p.) for 3days. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups for their treatment. Normal group was injected normal saline for 3 days with distilled water(d.w.) orally, control group was injected PHZ for 3 days with d.w. and CHJHT group was injected PHZ for 3 days with administration of CHJHT for 10 days. RBC(Red blood cell), Hb(hemoglobin), mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration, reticulocyte were determined on day 0, 4, 7, 10. Body weight was investigated on day 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and the weight of spleen was measured on day 10. Results: For CHJHT group, the levels of RBC and Hb were significantly higher than control group on day 4, and the concentration of hemoglobin on day 7 was increased more than control group. Moreover, reticulocyte was significantly decreased on day 10 more than control group. These results could be concluded that CHJHT suppressed the hemolytic anemia by PHZ and improved hematological values of anemia earlier.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.519-527
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• 2021

In this study, the hemolysis of Enterococcus faecalis BMSE-HMP strains, isolated from human breast milk, was investigated, and the anti-hemolytic and antimicrobial effects on multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria were investigated. The enzyme activity of E. faecalis BMSE-HMP 4 strains was measured, and it was found that the activities of esterase and esterase lipase were the highest. In addition, no hemolytic reaction was observed in any of the isolates. Subsequently, the anti-hemolytic activity against MDR strains causing hemolysis was evaluated. E. faecalis BMSE-HMP002 had the highest anti-hemolytic activity against Staphylococcus aureus CCARM 3855 at 75.71 ± 10.00%. The anti-hemolytic activity against Escherichia coli DC 2 CCARM 0238 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa CCARM 0223 showed that the activity of BMSE-HMP001 was highest at 76.92 ± 2.99% and 87.93 ± 1.93%, respectively. Examination of the antimicrobial effects against the MDR bacteria Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia spp., Pseudomonas spp., Salmonella spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., and E. faecalis BMSE-HMP strains showed antimicrobial effects against both gram-positive and gram-negative strains. Breastfeeding delivers enterococci into the intestinal tract of newborns by lactation, and its usefulness is attracting attention as it has been reported that enterococci have a potential effect on neonatal immune development. In this study, the hemolytic and antimicrobial effects of E. faecalis BMSE-HMP strains on MDR bacteria were investigated, to confirm their potential as useful lactic acid bacteria. Additional studies on the antibiotic resistance and toxicity of the E. faecalis BMSE-HMP strains, isolated in this study, are necessary to prove it safe for use.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.61-65
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• 2016

From the lees of bokbunja wine (LBW) made from Rubus coreanus Miquel, we have identified six compounds (1: trans-4-hydroxycinnamic acid; 2: trans-4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamic acid; 3: 3,4-dihydroxycinnamic acid; 4: 4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoic acid; 5: 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid; and 6: 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (sinapic acid)) through silica gel chromatography and UHPLC-MS. The compounds 1-6 showed strong anticoagulation and platelet aggregation inhibitory activities without hemolytic effect against human red blood cells. To date, this is the first report of the in vitro anti-thrombosis activity of sinapic acid. Our results suggest that different cinnamic and benzoic acid derivatives are closely linked to the anti-thrombosis activity of LBW, and sinapic acid could be developed as a promising anti-thrombosis agent.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.67-75
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• 2002

목적 : 자성(雌性) 흰쥐에서 phenylhydrazine으로 유발된 용혈성 빈혈에 오미자 약침의 항빈혈효과를 알아보기 위해서 적혈구수, hematocrit ratio, hemoglobin, 혈청 철함유량 및 serum total iron binding capacity (TIBC)를 관찰하였다. 방법 : 실험동물은 정상군, 대조군, 250 mg/kg 오미자 투여군 및 500 mg/kg 오미자 투여군으로 총 4개의 군으로 분류하였다. 정상군의 흰쥐는 아무런 처치도 하지 않았고, 대조군은 phenylhydrazine으로 용혈성 빈혈을 유발하였다. 오미자 투여군은 용혈성 빈혈을 유발한 후 7일간 매일 250 mg/kg 및 500 mg/kg의 용량으로 중완혈에 자침하였다. 결과 : 적혈구수, hematocrit ratio 및 hemoglobin은 대조군에서 정상군에 비해 감소한 반면 오미자 투여군은 증가하였다. 혈청 철함유량과 TIBC는 대조군에서 증가하였으나, 오미자 투여군에서는 감소하였다. 이러한 결과로 중완혈에 오미자 자침은 phenylhydrazine으로 유발된 용혈성 빈혈에서 항빈혈효과가 있는 것으로 사려된다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.702-708
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• 1998

The effects of mushrooms such as Lentinus edodes and Pleurotus ostreatus on anti-cancer activity through in vivo and in vitro experiments were powders of protein-bound polysaccharides in mushrooms were solubilized in 0, 5, 25 mg/kg saline, respectively and were used in vitro experiments. The in vivo experiments were carried out as followed: i) anti-cancer activities on Leukemia $(L_{1210})$, Hepatlicus cancer $(H_{22})$ and Sarcoma180/(S180), and ii) the effect on immune system through changes in intestine weight and the number of hemolytic plague forming cells. Protein-bound polysaccharides of all showed anti-cancer activity on $L_{1210}$ and fruit body of Lentinus edodes 25 mg/kg treatment group showed the highest inhibition rate (86%). Pleurotus ostreatus mycelial in medium of cultivate 25 mg/kg treatment. Fruid body of Lentinus edodes 25 mg/kg treatment group showed the highest inhibition rate (86% and 71%, respectively) on $H_{22}$ among them. The inhibition rates of fruit body and mycelial of Lentinus edodes 25 mg/kg treatment groups on S180 were 33.9% and 30.9%, respectively. Each samples of 50, 100, 200, $400\;{\mu}g/{\mu}L$ on in vitro cell toxicity test did not show significantly different cell death rates at P<0.05. In immune test, weights of liver and spleen were increased according to increase in conc. but were not significantly different at P<0.05. The weights of thymus were heavy in fruit body and mycelial of Lentinus edodes treatment group but were not significantly different at P<0.05. Hemolytic plague forming cells with antibody formation capability were significantly high in fruit body and mycelial of Lentinus edodes treatment samples.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

We investigated the biological activities of ethanol extract from the seawater algae, Chlorella elliposidea C020 such as antibacterial activity, anti-oxidant activity, tyrosinase inhibitory activity and hemolytic activity against human erythrocytes. Extract was obtained from various solvent, methanol, ethanol, acetone and ethanol + acetone (1:1, v/v%), 95% ethanol proved to be best extraction solvents. The contents of ethanol extract were higher in freeze-dried sample than that in frozen-thawing. Antibacterial activities of ethanol extract showed strong inhibitory effect against Bacillus subtilis PM125, Bacillus licheniformis and fish pathogenic bacteria, Vibrio parahaemolyticus KCTC2471 and Edward tarda NUF251. However, this extract didn't worked against antifungal activity against Candida albicans KCTC1940. And, ethanol extract was without hemolytic activity against human erythorocytes. The ethanol extract showed 75% of free radical scavanging effect on 2.0 mg/mL using DPPH method. In tyrosinase inhibition assay of ethanol extract, $IC_{50}$ (Inhibition Concentration) was measured as 10.87 mg/mL. Conclusionally, ethanol extract of Chlorella elliposidea C020 has good candidate for bioactive materials.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.28 no.9
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• pp.1031-1036
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• 2005

[ $(+)-Lyoniresinol-3{\alpha}-O-\beta-D-glucopyranoside$ ] (1) was isolated from an ethyl acetate extract of the root bark from Lycium chinense Miller, and its structure was determined using 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy including DEPT, HMQC, and HMBC. $(+)-Lyoniresinol-3{\alpha}-O-\beta-D-glucopyranoside$ exhibited potent antimicrobial activity against antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from patients, and human pathogenic fungi without having any hemolytic effect on human erythrocytes. In particular, compound 1 induced the accumulation of intracellular trehalose on C. albicans as stress response to the drug, and disrupted the dimorphic transition that forms pseudo-hyphae caused by the pathogenesis. This indicates that $(+)-Lyoniresinol-3{\alpha}-O-\beta-D-glucopyranoside$ has excellent potential as a lead compound for the development of antibiotic agents.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.727-734
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• 2014

To investigate anti-thrombosis and anti-oxidation activities of the root of Arctium lappa L (RALL), which has been used as foodstuff and oriental medicine in Korea, the ethanol extract and its subsequent organic solvent fractions of the RALL were prepared. The yield of ethanol extraction was 10.94%, and the content of total polyphenol and total sugar of ethanol extract were 5.01 and 694.53 mg/g, respectively. The fraction yields of n-hexane, ethylacetate (EA), butanol and water residue were 1.62, 0.42, 5.98 and 85.38%, respectively. In anticoagulation activity assay, the ethanol extract of RALL did not show significant changes in thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), whereas the EA fractions showed 13 folds extended TT, PT, and aPTT respectively. Interestingly, the water residue showed strong activation effect against blood clotting factors with shortened aPTT, which might provide the evidence of coagulation agent of RALL in folk remedy. In anti-platelet aggregation assay, the activity of the ethanol extract and its fractions were comparable to that of aspirin. Especially the EA fraction showed 2-folds higher inhibitory activity than aspirin. In anti-oxidation activity assay, the EA fraction also showed strong in DPPH, ABTS and nitrite scavenging activity, and reducing power activity. The extract and fractions of RALL have ignorable hemolytic activity against human RBC up to 0.5 mg/mL concentration. Our results suggest that the EA fraction of RALL have potentials as safe and novel anti-thrombosis agent.