• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.1332-1340
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• 2017

In this study, we assessed antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-Alzheimer activities of Opuntia ficus-indica var. saboten (OFI) at harvest time. OFIs were cultivated December 2015~November 2016 in Jeju island. The 70% ethanol extracts of OFI were used to investigate total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, antioxidant(DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging assay), anti-diabetic(yeast ${\alpha}$-glucosidase and rat ${\alpha}$-glucosidase inhibition assay), and anti-Alzheimer(Acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase inhibition assay) activities. Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of OFIs were $17.40{\sim}23.11{\mu}g$ garlic acid/mg Ex and 2.17~6.22 ug (+)-catechine/mg Ex, respectively. DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity of OFIs were 131.98~184.90 mg ascorbic acid(AA) eq/100 g and 63.60~101.83 mg AA eq/100 g, respectively. In the anti-diabetic and anti-Alzheimer activities, 70% ethanol extracts of OFI exhibited moderate inhibition activity, compared to control (acarbose and beberine). Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, and anti-Alzheimer activities were no significant differences by season, respectively. Therefore, information on comparative biological evaluations of OFI may be a beneficial in exploring functional food and drug development.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.281-290
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• 2014

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant potential, and total phenolic content (TPC) of green and red kohlrabi cultivars. Anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory activities were evaluated via protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP1B) and rat lens aldose reductase inhibitory assays and cell-based lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) inhibitory assays in RAW 264.7 murine macrophages. In addition, scavenging assays using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical, 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) radical, and peroxynitrite ($ONOO^-$) were used to evaluate antioxidant potential and TPC was selected to assess phytochemical characteristics. Between the two kohlrabi cultivars, red kohlrabi (RK) had two times more TPC than green kohlrabi (GK) and showed significant antioxidant effects in DPPH, ABTS, and $ONOO^-$ scavenging assays. Likewise, methanol (MeOH) extracts of RK and GK inhibited LPS-induced NO production in a dose dependent manner that was further clarified by suppression of iNOS and COX-2 protein production. The MeOH extracts of RK and GK exhibited potent inhibitory activities against PTP1B with the corresponding $IC_{50}$ values of $207{\pm}3.48$ and $287{\pm}3.22{\mu}g/mL$, respectively. Interestingly, the RK MeOH extract exhibited significantly stronger anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, and antioxidant effects than that of GK MeOH extract. As a result, our study establishes that RK extract with a higher TPC might be useful as a potent anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory agent.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.24-29
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• 1998

To search for the anti-diabetic principle from the stem bark of Kalopanax pictus, seven kinds of chemical constituents including hederagenin glycosides and phenolic glycosides wre isolated. The anti-diabetic evaluation of these isoltes in the streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats exhibited that kalopanaxsaponin A has a potent anti-diabetic activity in contrast to a mild activity of hederagenin. In addition, significant hypocholesterolemic and hypolipidemic activities of kalopanaxsaponin A and hederagenin were observed. The structure-activity relationship of kalopanaxsaponin A was also investigated in the present work.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2021

Flavonoids consist a wide range of naturally occurring compounds which are exclusively found in different fruits and vegetables. These medicinal herbs have a number of favourable biological and therapeutic activities such as antioxidant, neuroprotective, renoprotective, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. Troxerutin, also known as vitamin P4, is a naturally occurring flavonoid which is isolated from tea, coffee and cereal grains as well as vegetables. It has a variety of valuable pharmacological and therapeutic activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic and anti-tumor. These pharmacological impacts have been demonstrated in in vitro and in vivo studies. Also, clinical trials have revealed the efficacy of troxerutin for management of phlebocholosis and hemorrhoidal diseases. In the present review, we focus on the therapeutic effects and biological activities of troxerutin as well as its molecular signaling pathways.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• 제27권11호
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• pp.1120-1122
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• 2004

Fucosterol isolated from Pelvetia siliquosa was tested for its anti-diabetic activity in vivo. Fucosterol, when administered orally at 30 mg/kg in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats, was caused a significant decrease in serum glucose concentrations, and exhibited an inhibition of sorbitol accumulations in the lenses. Fucosterol, when administered orally at 300 mg/kg in epinephrine-induced diabetic rats, was also caused an inhibition of blood glucose level and glycogen degradation. These results demonstrated that fucosterol is a main anti-diabetic principle from the marine algae P. siliquosa.

• Applied Microscopy
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• 제43권2호
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• pp.54-64
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• 2013

The study examined the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammatory effects of rutin from the streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Results revealed that the levels of plasma glucose and serum glucose were remarkably higher in the STZ-treated group compared to other groups and were significantly reduced in the STZ+rutin treated group compared to the STZ-treated group. In terms of weight, it significantly increased in all experimental groups during the experiment period except for STZ-induced diabetic group. The weight of the STZ-treated group was remarkably reduced compared to other groups. Regarding the weight of each body organ, the STZ-treated group showed higher organ weight compared to the other groups while STZ+rutin-treated group showed significantly reduced kidney and liver weights compared to those of STZ-treated group. In the pancreas tissue of the STZ-treated group, ${\beta}$-cell destruction and vacuolization were observed. Inflammation in the heart, liver, kidney, and retina tissues were also vividly recorded. In the STZ+rutin administered group, the heart and retina tissues were shown to be preserved normally while the liver and kidney tissues showed reduced histopathology in general compared to the STZ-treated group. Conclusionally, the rutin has the effect on the antioxidant activities and anti-inflammation in the STZ-induced diabetic rats.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.70-73
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• 2007

Antioxidant and anti-diabetic activities of acorn were evaluated by its potential for scavenging stable DPPH free radical, inhibition of lipid peroxidation, reducing power, and inhibiton of ${\alpha}-glucosidase\;and\;{\alpha}-amylase$. The water extract of acorn exhibited strong antioxidant and antidiabetic related activities in the tested model systems. Solvent fractionation of the water extract revealed that the water fraction and the EtOAc fraction had strong antioxidant activity, and inhibitory activity on ${\alpha}-glucosidase\;and\;{\alpha}-amylase$. The water fraction exhibited higher DPPH radical scavenging activity ($EC_{50}=7.19{\mu}g/mL$) than that of ${\alpha}-tocopherol\;(EC_{50}=7.59{\mu}g/mL)$. It is considered that water extract of acorn has the potential for natural antioxidant and anti-diabetic products.

• 생약학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.103-109
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• 2016

Aloe vera L.(Aloe barbadensis Miller) has been used for many centuries for various medical, cosmetic and neutraceutical purposes. The gel of A. vera was reported to exert numerous biological activities including wound healing, immunomodulatory, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-bacterial, anti-viral, anti-diabetic, and anti-psoriasis activities. Acemannan, found predominantly in the inner leaf gel of A. vera, has been identified as the main active ingredient exerting diverse biological activities. In this review, we summarized the recent findings on the immunomodulatory activities of acemannan. Studies that used purified acemannan demonstrate that acemannan exerts immune-stimulating, anti-cancer, anti-viral, and hematopoiesis-increasing activities. In addition, it is being clear that most of these activities of acemannan are mediated primarily by activating professional antigen presenting cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.167-172
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• 2009

The protective effects of Phaleria macrocarpa (PM) against oxidative stress in diabetic rats were investigated. Diabetes was induced in male Sprague Dawley rats using alloxan (150 mg/kg i.p). After the administration of PM fractions for two weeks the diabetic symptoms, nephropathy and renal antioxidant enzymes were evaluated. The results showed that the oral PM treatments reduced blood glucose levels in diabetic rats. The PM fractions decreased kidney hypertrophy and diminished blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in diabetic rats. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a lipid peroxidation marker, was increased in diabetic animals, but was suppressed by the PM treatments. In addition, the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, and glutathione (GSH) level in the alloxan-induced diabetic rats were significantly decreased compared with those in the normal rats, but were restored by PM treatments. The PM fractions also suppressed the level of MDA in the kidney. In conclusion, the anti hyperglycemic and anti-nephropathy of P. macrocarpa may be correlated to the increased renal antioxidant enzyme activity in the kidney.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.178-184
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• 1999

Bamboo salt has been used for the purpose of precaution and treatment of certain diseases including cancer. Therefore, present study was carried out to ascertain the effects of bamboo salt upon anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, and anti-diabetic activities as well. To examine the anti-cancer activity of bamboo salt, ICR mice implanted with 1$\times$l0$^{6}$ cells of sarcoma 180 intraperitoneally had been treated daily with bamboo salt A, crude salt, and reagent-grade NaCl (0.2, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg, p.o.) for 60 days using adriamycin (2 mg/kg) as a positive control. Neither survival rate nor body weight had been significantly influenced by all the treatments indicating that bamboo salt A did not exert the anti-cancer effect on ICR mice. Anti-hypertensive activity was examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) which had been administered with bamboo salt A, crude salt, and reagent-grade NaCl (0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% in drinking water) for 28 days using hydralazin (2 mg/kg) as a positive control. Blood pressure and heart rate were measured at 1, 3, and 4 weeks after the starting date. Significant anti-hypertensive activity was not observed in any treated group compared to the positive control group. In order to determine if bamboo salt had anti-diabetic activity, rats in which diabetes had been induced by streptozotocin (45 mg/kg, i.m.) were treated daily with bamboo salt A, crude salt, and reagent-grade NaCl (0.2, 1.0, and 2.0 g/kg, p.o.) for 28 days using insulin (50 U/kg, s.c..) as a positive control. Blood samples were taken and analyzed at 1,2, and 4 weeks after the starting date. Bamboo salt did not cause any decreasing effect on the blood glucose levels. These results clearly demonstrated that bamboo salt A did not exert anti-cancer, anti-hypertensive, or anti-diabetic activities in the present experimental animals.