• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.182-187
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• 2017

The purpose of the present study is a comparison of the antioxidant effects of Angelica gigas Korea (AG), Angelica sinensis of China (AS), and Angelica acutiloba of Japan (AA), and comparison of the effects of AG, AS and AA on tight-junction related genes in human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. All species showed a strong antioxidant effect, and AA was higher than AG and AS in antioxidant effects. The cytotoxicity was confirmed to be higher in AS than AG and AA at a concentration of $1,600{\mu}g/ml$ using the MTS assay in HaCaT cells. We analyzed the effects of AG, AS, and AA on mRNA expression levels of various tight-junction related genes in HaCaT cells. We found that no obvious changes in expression of Claudin 1, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, Occludin, JAM-A, ZO-1, ZO-2, and tricellulin by treatment of all species, suggesting that there is less possibility of side effects and skin moisturizing effects due to changes in tight-junction gene expression. Our results suggest that AG, AS, and AA are thought to be effective in reducing the oxidative stress of the skin and preventing the aging of the skin.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.653-660
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• 2013

Acaiberry(Euterpe oleracea Mart.) was partially substituted from the formula for juak and the subsequent effects on the physiochemical and physical characteristics. And this study was carried out to standardize the recipe of acaiberry-juak. Acaiberry powder was added in 0(control), 1, 3 and 5% substitution ratios by weight per glutinous rice flour. Also, acaiberry puree was added in 3, 6 and 9% substitution ratios by weight water. The moisture contents showed juak with addition of acaiberry contents were lower then control. The diameter of the juak decreased with increasing levels of the added acaiberry powder and puree, whereas the height increased with increasing amount of the powder and puree. The Hunter colorimeteric L-values of the dough and acaiberry-juak decreased as the amount of acaiberry powder and puree increased. Hunter a and b-values both increased with increasing levels of the acaiberry powder and puree. Textural characteristics there were increase in hardness, springiness, chewiness as the amount of acaiberry powder and puree increased(p<.001). Cohesiveness were not significantly different as the level of acaiberry powder and puree increased(p<.001). The anti-oxidant capacity results, anthocyanin, DPPH radical scavenging activity, SOD-like activity, Nitrate-scavenging ability tended to increased by according to the addition acaiberry powder and puree(p<.001). As measured DSC, the onset temperature and enthalpy were accordingly increased during storage period as the acaiberry contents were higher then control. According to sensory evaluation results, the after swallowing, appearance, flavor, taste and texture of juak was acaiberry powder 1% and acaiberry puree 6% proper score is recorded. Overall acceptability of acaiberry juak powder 1%, puree 6% percent of the additives are also the highest mark in the sensory characteristics. Also aciberry powder addition of more than demonstrate a good reputation in the development juak will suggest more appropriate form of puree.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.279-287
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• 2010

In this study we examined the effects of water extract of garlic on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury, and demonstrated increased beneficial enzyme and anti-oxidant activity as well as histopathological changes (by Hematoxylin-Eosin (H&E) staining, Trichrome staining, and TEM examination), and showed that the treatment was dose-dependent and safe. A total of 42 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided equally (n=7) into six groups. To induce hepatotoxicity in these subjects, carbon tetrachloride diluted in an equal volume of olive oil was intraperitoneally administrated at 0.5 ml/kg (0.20 g/kg/day) once a day for five days. Water extract of Korean-grown garlic was administered via a stomach sonde once a day, 5 days a week, for a total of 4 weeks. Groups received 0.35 g/kg (E1), 0.70 g/kg (E2), or 1.40 g/kg (E3), with the dose adjusted for body weight. Administration of garlic extract resulted in positive physiological effects in terms of reduced oxidative stress and toxicity, and induced functional changes in the liver. Comparing the subject groups (E1, E2, E3) administered different doses of garlic extract, the importance of morphological analysis in further studies is emphasized, because morphological changes indicating hepatotoxicity could occur, even though beneficial enzyme activities were found to be elevated.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제28권2호통권70호
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• pp.166-184
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was conducted to investigate the effects of Daegeum-eumja, Igwi-tang, and Sihosogan-san on gastric mucosal lesions induced by alcohol, indomethacin, and burn-stress in mice. Methods : Experimental mice were divided into six groups. The normal group (NOR) did not receive any treatment to elicit gastropathy. In the control group (GE), gastropathy was elicited by alcohol, indomethacin, and stress. In the misoprostol group (MS), misoprostol was administered after gastropathy was elicited by alcohol, indomethacin, and stress. In the Daegeum-eumja group (DG), Daegeum-eumja was administered after gastropathy was elicited by alcohol, indomethacin, and stress. In the Igwi-tang group (IW), Igwi-tang was administered after gastropathy was elicited by alcohol, indomethacin, and stress. In the Sihosogan-san group (SH), Sihosogan-san was administered after gastropathy waselicited by alcohol, indomethacin, and stress. The effects on gastric mucosal lesions were evaluated by the morphological change of gastric mucosa, the anti-oxidant effect, HSP 70, $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65, $I{\kappa}B$, COX-1, PNA, BrdU, and iNOS. Results : Hemorrhage erosion, HSP70, and $NF-{\kappa}B$ in the DG, IW and SH groups decreased more than that of the control. The $I{\kappa}B$, COX-1, PNA, BrdU, and iNOS in the DG, IW, and SH groups increased more than that of the control. DG showed the most effect against gastric mucosal lesions induced by alcohol; IW against gastric mucosal lesions induced by indomethacin; and SH against gastric mucosal lesions induced by burn-stress. Conclusions: Daegeum-eumja, Igwi-tang, and Sihosogan-san extracts have excellent effects on gastric mucosal lesions induced by alcohol, indomethacin, and burn-stress, respectively.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.16-22
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• 2015

빈카마이너 L.의 알칼로이드는 HPLC의 PDA 검출기를 이용하여 측정하고 이를 표준시료인 빈카민의 자외선/가시광선 흡수 스펙트럼과 비교하여 분석하였다. 플라보노이드류를 포함하여 추출물에서 9개 이상의 화합물에 대한 자외선/가시광선 흡수 스펙트럼을 얻었다. 추출방법에 따라 에탄올 추출물과 열수 추출물을 얻고 이를 DPPH 라디칼 소거법에 의해 항산화 효과를 조사하였다. 그 결과 에탄올 추출물과 열수 추출물 모두 비교군인 케르세틴과 비타민 C 대비 약 14~15%의 항산화 효과를 보여 추출법에 상관없이 유사한 결과를 보였다.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2008

Objectives: SimJeok-Hwan(CP, Cardiotonic Pills) was made to treat patients with coronary arteriosclerosis, angina pectoris and hyperlipidemia. This study was designed to investigate the effects of CP on Proliferation rates neuroglia cells and protective effect of CP against oxidative stress, and also investigate the effects on regional Cerebral Blood Flow(rCBF) in normal rats. Methods: In this experiment, effects of CP on proliferation rates of neuroglia cells were measured using modified MTT methods. Oxidative stress was induced by treatment with 200 mM of hydrogen peroxide for 2 hr. rCBF and MABP were measured using Laser doppler flowmeter. Results: Treatment with CP elevated proliferation rates in C6 cells. In addition, CP protected cell death of C6 cells induced by oxidative stress. In results, rCBF was elevated by treatment with CP in normal rats. But, Mean Arterial Blood Pressure(MABP) did not affected by CP. In addition, the elevation of rCBF was blacked by pre-treatment with 1 mg/kg of indomethacin effectively. On the other hand, pre-treatment with 0.01 mg/kg of methylene blue did not affect rCBF level in normal rats. Conclusions: In conclusion, these results suggest that CP can act as anti-oxidant to protect neuroglia cells and also suggest that CP can elevate rCBF, which are involved in cyclooxygenase pathway.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2010

Thermal burn injury induces inflammatory cell infiltrates in the dermis and thickening of the epidermis. Following a burn injury, various mediators, including reactive oxygen species (ROS), are produced in macrophages and neutrophils, exposing all tissues to oxidative injury. The anti-oxidant activities of flavonoids have been widely exploited to scavenge ROS. In this study, we observed that several flavonoids-kaempferol, quercetin, fisetin, and chrysin-inhibit LPS-induced IL-8 promoter activation in RAW 264.7 cells. In contrast with quercetin and fisetin, pretreatment of kaempferol and chrysin did not decrease cell viability. Inflammatory cell infiltrates in the dermis and thickening of the epidermis induced by burn injuries in mice was relieved by kaempferol treatment. However, the injury was worsened by fisetin, quercetin, and chrysin. Expression of TNF-a induced by burn injuries was decreased by kaempferol. These findings suggest the potential use of kaempferol as a therapeutic in thermal burn-induced skin injuries.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.57-61
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• 2010

Activator protein-1 can induce either cell survival or death, which is controlled by opposing effects of different Jun members. It is generally accepted that c-Jun is pro-apoptotic, but that JunD is anti-apoptotic in stress-exposed cells. Additionally, although there are reports suggesting that JunB plays a protective role, its role in stress-induced apoptosis remains unclear. Here, we investigated the role of JunB in $H_2O_2$-induced cell death using cells that over-expressed the protein or were transfected with si-JunB. Inhibition of JunB expression accelerated $H_2O_2$-mediated loss of mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and cytotoxicity. Conversely, over-expression of JunB protein led to significant inhibition of the MMP loss and cell death. The increase in JunB expression also attenuated nuclear relocation of apoptosis-inducing factor and mitochondrial Bcl-2 reduction that occurred following $H_2O_2$ exposure. These results suggest that JunB can signal survival against oxidant-mediated cell death by suppressing mitochondrial stress.

• KSBB Journal
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.125-130
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• 2008

해수클로렐라 (Chlorella elliposidea C020) 에탄올 추출물로부터 항균 및 항곰팡이 활성, 항산화활성, tyrosinase inhibitory 활성 (미백효과)과 용혈활성을 실험하였다. 효율적인 추출을 위해서 동결건조 후 95% 에탄올로 2시간 추출하는 것이 가장 좋다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 해수클로렐라 에탄올 추출물의 항균 및 항곰팡이에 대한 활성을 측정한 결과, B. subtilis PM125와 B. licheniformis, V. parahemolyticus와 E. tarda NUF251에서 활성을 나타내었다. 그러나, 곰팡이인 C. albicanse에 대하여서는 활성을 나타내지 않았으며, 인간의 적혈구로 용혈활성 실험한 결과, 아주 낮은 활성을 나타내었다. DPPH방법을 이용하여 항산화 능력을 측정한 결과, 2 mg/mL에서 75% 라디칼 소거능력을 나타내었다. 해수클로렐라 에탄올 추출물의 tyrosinase 저해활성 $IC_{50}$는 10.87 mg/mL로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 해수클로렐라 에탄올 추출물로부터 다양한 생리활성물질을 개발하여 고부가가치 제품을 창출할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한한의학방제학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.183-191
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• 2008

Acetaminophen (N-acety1-p-aminophenol, paracetamol) is widely used as an over-the-counter analgesic and antipyretic drug. Intake of a over dose of acetaminophen may result in severe hepatic necrosis. In this study, we investigated the liver damage in mice using single dose (300 mg/kg) of acetaminophen and the possible protective effects of administration (50-200 mg/kg body weight) of SB-Ex on acetaminophen-induced liver damage in mice. The alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities were determined in the plasma of mice. The effect of SB-Ex on lipid peroxidation product thiobarbituric reacting substances (TBARS) and some antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, d-aminolevulinate dehydratase (${\sigma}$-ALA-D) activities, and gluthathione peroxidase (GPx), were also evaluated in the mouse liver homogenate. Acetaminophen caused liver damage as evident by statistically significant increased in plasma activities of AST and ALT. There were general statistically significant losses in the activities of SOD, catalase, ${\sigma}$-ALA-D, and GPx and an increase in TBARS in the liver of acetaminophen-treated group compared with the control group. However, SB-Ex was able to counteract these effects. These results suggest that SB-Ex can act as hepatoprotectives against acetaminophen toxicity and is a good candidate for further evaluation as an effective chemotherapeutic agent.