• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.109-111
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• 2019

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia or Masson's hemangioma is a rare vascular tumor. The reactive proliferation of endothelial cells in this disease mimics other benign or malignant vascular proliferation such as angiosarcoma or Kaposi's sarcoma. It is important to make an accurate distinction to avoid confusion with these malignant tumors. This would facilitate a proper diagnosis, which is essential so that the patient is not subjected to unnecessarily aggressive or inappropriate treatment.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.61 no.4
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• pp.32.1-32.4
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• 2021

A 12-year-old neutered male Golden Retriever presented with a progressively enlarging mass in the submandibular region. Histopathological diagnosis confirmed lymphangiosarcoma with metastasis to the liver and spleen. The pleomorphic neoplastic endothelial cells of the tumor grow directly on bundles of dermal collagen, forming numerous clefts and interconnecting channels that are devoid of conspicuous hematic elements. As lymphangiosarcoma is an uncommon malignant neoplasm, the number of previously reported cases and information of the tumor is limited. The present report describes the clinical history and histopathological diagnosis of a progressive lymphangiosarcoma in the submandibular region with metastases in a dog.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.36-41
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• 2003

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma is a rare vascular tumor of borderline malignancy which is characterized by the presence of "epithelioid" or "histiocytoid" endothelial cells. Superficial and deep tumors have been recognized in the extremities, head, neck, chest, and mediastinum of adult patients. It may also occur as a primary tumor of liver, bone, and other visceral organs. Few effusion cytologic findings of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma have been reported. We report a case of composite epithelioid hemangioendothelioma with focal epithelioid angiosarcomatous areas of the iliac bone and adjacent soft tissue in a 38-year-old female, which, during its metastatic course, was presented as a pleural effusion. The effusion was cellular with epithelioid cells presenting both singly and in clusters. The tumor cells were round to ovoid shewing cytoplasmic vacuolization, variability in cell size, and prominent nucleoli. The effusion smears and cell block sections revealed strong positive staining for CD31 and vimentin, weak positive for CD34 and Factor VIII-related antigen, and negative for cytokeratin, CEA, and calretinin. The cytologic findings in this case were similar to that of metastatic adenocarcinoma or malignant mesothelioma. Therefore, immunocytochemical staining in smear and cell block is a helpful tool to differentiate malignant 'epithelioid' cells in effusion.

• The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-30
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• 2005

Pseudoangiomatous stromal hyperplasia (PASH) was initially described by Vuitch et al. as a benign breast lesion, consisting of mammary stromal proliferations which simulate vascular lesions, and which might be mistaken for a low-grade angiosarcoma. This condition occasionally presents as a palpable mass in postmenopausal women, but is more frequently encountered as an incidental component in premenopausal women. Clinical, radiological, and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) findings associated with this condition can mimic those observed in conjunction with a phyllodes tumor or a fibroadenoma. The cytological features of PASH are generally nonspecific, and its diagnosis by FNA cytology is fairly difficult. In this study, we report a case on PASH, manifesting as a palpable mass.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.313-321
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• 2016

Purpose: Total scalp irradiation (TSI) is a rare but challenging indication. We previously reported that non-coplanar intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) was superior to coplanar IMRT in organ-at-risk (OAR) protection and target dose distribution. This consecutive treatment planning study compared IMRT with volumetric-modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Materials and Methods: A retrospective treatment plan databank search was performed and 5 patient cases were randomly selected. Cranial imaging was restored from the initial planning computed tomography (CT) and target volumes and OAR were redelineated. For each patients, three treatment plans were calculated (coplanar/non-coplanar IMRT, VMAT; prescribed dose 50 Gy, single dose 2 Gy). Conformity, homogeneity and dose volume histograms were used for plan. Results: VMAT featured the lowest monitor units and the sharpest dose gradient (1.6 Gy/mm). Planning target volume (PTV) coverage and homogeneity was better in VMAT (coverage, 0.95; homogeneity index [HI], 0.118) compared to IMRT (coverage, 0.94; HI, 0.119) but coplanar IMRT produced the most conformal plans (conformity index [CI], 0.43). Minimum PTV dose range was 66.8%-88.4% in coplanar, 77.5%-88.2% in non-coplanar IMRT and 82.8%-90.3% in VMAT. Mean dose to the brain, brain stem, optic system (maximum dose) and lenses were 18.6, 13.2, 9.1, and 5.2 Gy for VMAT, 21.9, 13.4, 14.5, and 6.3 Gy for non-coplanar and 22.8, 16.5, 11.5, and 5.9 Gy for coplanar IMRT. Maximum optic chiasm dose was 7.7, 8.4, and 11.1 Gy (non-coplanar IMRT, VMAT, and coplanar IMRT). Conclusion: Target coverage, homogeneity and OAR protection, was slightly superior in VMAT plans which also produced the sharpest dose gradient towards healthy tissue.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.12
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• pp.979-984
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• 2003

Primary pulmonary artery sarcoma is very rare disease. The diagnosis of pulmonary artery sarcoma is frequently confused with pulmonary embolism because its clinical symptom and radiologic findings are similar with pulmonary embolism. It was often diagnosed at autopsy as it progresses rapidly. So Pulmonary artery sarcoma must be suspected if the origin of thrombus is not known and anticoagulation therapy is not effective. In this case, a 57 years old man who has been diagnosed pulmonary embolism was transferred to our department because of ineffective anticoagulant therapy and its worsening lesion despite of 5 month-therapy. In operative findings, it was pulmonary artery sarcoma that invaded to pericardium. There was angiosarcoma in right pulmonary artery, which metastasized to lung parenchyme. Under cardiopulmonary bypass, we resected main pulmonary artery and right lung. The Gore-tex graft was interposed between main pulmonary artery and left pulmonary artery. He was discharged after chemotherapy.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.31 no.8
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• pp.787-791
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• 1998

Materials and methods: Between 1979 and 1996, 27 patients with primary cardiac tumor underwent surgery at Catholic University Medical College. Mean age of patient was 45.1${\pm}$3.03 ranging from 21 to 67 years old. Twenty-four cases were myxomas, 2 cases were chondrosarcoma, and remained case was angiosarcoma. Diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiography, cardiac angiography, CT scan, and MRI. The most common site of tumor origin was fossa ovalis limbus area(17cases:63%). A biatrial operative approach was commonly used in 15 cases and the tumor was removed through left atriotomy site. Complete excision of the tumor with a cuff of normal tissue was performed. All heart chambers were carefully explored for evidence of multicentric myxomas or other tumor debris. Most of the patients were improved on postoperative period compared to preoperative NYHA functional class. Results: There was one operative death due to low cardiac output syndrome. Follow up period was 3 months to 17 years. There was 2 late deaths due to local recurrences. Conclusion: complete surgical excion is important for increasing cure rate. Malignancy cannot be ruled out even though preoperative echocardiography suggests benign nature. Chest CT or MRI is effective for further evalution in addition to echocardiography. In suspicious of malignancy, more extensive resection is essential and postoperative chemotheraphy or radiotherapy is useful.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.265-269
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• 2010

Radiation therapy for malignancy of head and neck leads to secondary effects, such as mucositis, xerostomia, dental caries and osteoradionecrosis. Osteoradionecrosis is a delayed complication which causes chronic pain, infection and constant deformity after necrosis. It occurs spontaneously or after primary oncologic surgery, dental extraction or by trauma of prosthesis. To reduce the incidence of osteoradionecrosis, appropriate antibiotic usage, atraumic procedure, tension-free primary suture and hyperbaric oxygen therapy are essential. This case is about a 74 years old woman who was treated for osteoradionecrosis after extraction of right lower molar at year 2006. She had received radiation therapy for angiosarcoma on tongue at year 2004. At year 2008 the patient came to our hospital for extraction of the opposite premolar but despite careful treatment, osteoradionecrosis occurred again. She was successfully treated by surgical procedure so we report this case.

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.201-207
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• 1999

Malignant tumors of the hand are very rare. Between 1989 and 1998, 17 patients with malignant tumors of the hand were evaluated for clinical features, prevalence, treatment and results. The mean age was 45 years and median duration of follow-up was 38 months. A painless mass was the most common symptom and the most common lesion was the digit. Fifteen cases of soft tissue and 2 cases of bone tumor were diagnosed. On pathology, soft tissue tumors were comprised of 8 cases of malignant melanoma, 2 cases of angiosarcoma and 1 case each of malignant fibrous histiocytoma, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor, extraskeletal chondrosarcoma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Bone tumors were metastatic tumors and each originated from the rectal cancer or lung cancer. Lymph node involvements were noted in 4 cases of malignant melanoma and 1 case of squamous cell carcinoma. Six cases of metacarpo-phalangeal joint disarticulation and 4 cases of phalanx amputation were performed. Wide excision, ray amputation and below-elbow amputation were also performed. Three cases expired due to metastasis and progression of the original lesion. Among the surviving 14 cases, a malignant melanoma had metastasis on the axillary lymph node and 13 cases showed no local recurrence or metastasis during the follow-up.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.144-154
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• 2007

Liver tumors in children are rare, relatively complex, and encompass a broad spectrum of disease processes. This study reviews our experience of liver tumors during the last 10 years. Medical records of 36 cases of liver tumors in children, treated at Samsung Medical Centers, from October 1994 to December 2005, were reviewed in this study. We analyzed disease characters and survival rates as a whole and by specific disease. The median age was 3.6 years. Male and female ratio was 1:1. The most common symptom was the palpable mass in 15 cases. Others were abdominal distension in 9 cases, jaundice in 2, vomiting in 2, weight loss in 2, and pubic hair growth in 1. CT or US and liver biopsy were performed for diagnosis. There were 28 malignant tumors: malignant rhabdoid tumor (1 case), hepatocellular carcinoma (3 cases), hemangioendothelioma type II (3 cases), angiosarcoma (1 case), and hepatoblastoma (20 cases). Eight tumors were benign; hepatic adenoma (1 case), focal nodular hyperplasia (2 cases), hemangioendothelioma type I (2 cases), mesenchymal hamartoma (3 cases). In this study the clinical characteristics were not different from the other reports. Liver transplantation was performed in 3 cases-1 with hepatoblastoma and 2 with hepatocelleular carcinoma. Accurate and early diagnosis, and individualized multimodality therapeutic approaches might be important for better outcome.