• 한국지반환경공학회 논문집
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• 제9권7호
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• pp.37-43
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• 2008

알루미늄 제조 시 발생하는 산업부산물인 Red mud가 첨가된 흙-시멘트 포장 재료를 개발하기 위하여 일축압축강도시험을 수행하였으며 Red mud 함유율, 시멘트 함유율, Fly ash 대체 비율 및 모래의 대체 비율이 일축압축강도에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 양생기간 7일, 14일 및 21일에 대한 공시체를 제작하였다. 시험결과, Red mud와 Fly ash 함유량이 감소할수록 시멘트 함유량이 증가할수록 일축압축강도는 증가하였고, 화강풍화잔류토를 사용할 경우 모래의 대체 비율에 따른 일축압축강도에 미치는 영향은 없는 것으로 나타났다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.453-458
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• 2019

Today, concrete remains the most important, durable, and reliable material that has been used in the construction sector, making it the most commonly used material after water. However, cement continues to exert many negative effects on the environment, including the production of carbon dioxide (CO2), which pollutes the atmosphere. Cement production is costly, and it also consumes energy and natural non- renewable resources, which are critical for sustainability. These factors represent the motivation for researchers to examine the various alternatives that can reduce the effects on the environment, natural resources, and energy consumption and enhance the mechanical properties of concrete. Geopolymer is one alternative that has been investigated; this can be produced using aluminosilicate materials such as low calcium (class F) FA, Ultra-Fine GGBS, and high calcium FA (class C, which are available worldwide as industrial, agricultural byproducts.). It has a high percentage of silica and alumina, which react with alkaline solution (activators). Aluminosilicate gel, which forms as a result of this reaction, is an effective binding material for the concrete. This paper presents an up-to-date review regarding the important engineering properties of geopolymer formed by FA and slag binders; the findings demonstrate that this type of geopolymer could be an adequate alternative to ordinary Portland cement (OPC). Due to the significant positive mechanical properties of slag-FA geopolymer cements and their positive effects on the environment, it represents a material that could potentially be used in the construction industry.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2006

This study was conducted to investigate experimentally the drying shrinkage and the strength properties of redispersible SBR and PAE powder-modified mortars. Polymer-cement ratio, content of shrinkage-reducing agent and antifoamer content were manipulated as the experimental variables. The peculiarity of this study is to obtain a high early-age strength by using the portland cement and alumina cement with the ratio of 8 : 2. Until 7 days of age, the drying shrinkage remarkably increased up to $1\~2\times10^{-4}$, while it tended to decrease as the ratio of polymer to cement ratio and the content of shrinkage-reducing agent increased. Polymer-cement ratio was effective in improving the flexural, tensile and adhesive strengths: As the ratio increased, the strengths correspondingly increased. The flexural strength was in the range of $7\~11$ MPa, the tensile strength was $3.5\~5$ MPa and the adhesive strength was $1.2\~3.9$ MPa. On the other hand, the compressive strength tended to decrease as the polymer-cement ratio increased, and it was in the range of $23\~39$ MPa. All strengths, flexural, tensile, adhesive and compressive strengths, decreased as the content of powder shrinkage-reducing agent increased. It turned out that the polymer-cement ratio influenced more on the behavior of drying shrinkage and the properties of strength than the powder shrinkage-reducing agent did.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.514-519
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 시멘트 클링커의 원료 중 점토성분의 일부를 석탄재로 대체하여 시멘트 클링커를 각 온도별로 소성하여 시멘트 클링커의 광물상의 변화를 XRD-Rietveld법을 이용하여 정량분석하였다. 시멘트 클링커의 소성온도가 증가할수록 Belite의 양은 감소하고 Alite의 양은 증가하였으며, 유리 CaO의 양도 감소 되었다. Alite와 Belite의 형태는 1450℃ 이상에서부터 형태를 구분 할 수 있었으며. 1500℃ 소성에서는 결정의 크기가 조대하게 성장하여, 과소성이 진행된 것으로 판단된다. 유리 CaO의 경우 소성온도의 상승에 따라 감소하였고, 1450℃ 이상에서 0.5% 이하로 나타나, 1450℃ 이상에서는 충분한 소성이 이루어진 것으로 판단된다. 따라서 시멘트 클링커의 원료 중 알루미나질과 철질 원료의 화학성분 공급원으로서 석탄재의 활용이 가능한 것이 판단되었다.

• 한국건설순환자원학회논문집
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.211-218
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• 2022

석탄재는 시멘트 클링커의 실리카와 알루미나질 공급원으로서 활용이 고려되고 있다. 이러한 석탄재의 시멘트 클링커 소성과정에서 소성온도에 따른 고온 미세구조변화를 검토하여, 시멘트 클링커 소성에서 미치는 영향을 파악하고자 하였다. 시멘트 클링커의 원료로서 사용된 석탄재는 소성온도 950 ℃부터 입자 표면의 형상변화가 관찰되었으며, 1250 ℃ 이상의 소성온도에서 부터는 석탄재의 형상이 소멸되었다. 석탄재의 Al, Fe 성분은 1350 ℃ 이상의 온도에서는 시멘트 간극상으로 전환되는 되는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 다량의 석탄재를 원료로 적용한 클링커는 1150~1200 ℃의 소성온도 구간에서 Lime의 함량이 낮고, Belite의 함량이 높게 나타나, 석탄재의 적용으로 초기 소성온도에서 칼슘실리케트 광물의 형성이 더 원활하게 진행되는 것을 확인하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.13-14
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• 2017

Red mud is an inorganic by-product produced from the mineral processing of alumina from Bauxite ores. This study is to investigate characteristic with respect to curing conditions according to the red mud content. The results best of best showed that the water curing compressive strength better than atmospheric curing, steam curing.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.3-8
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• 1975

Hydration processes of the rapid hardening cement clinkers, which were synthesized from domestic alunite for major alumina source, limestone, kaolin and fluorite, were investigated by means of x-ray diffraction analysis, thermal analysis and microscopic observation etc. The clinkers were composed mainly of alite, calcium fluroaluminate (C11A7.CaF2) minerals. While the hydratio processes of the clinkers are altered by concentration of SO3 in the paste, calcium aluminate hydrates such as C4AH13, CAH10 and calcium monosulfate hydrate (C3A.CaSO4.12H2O) are formed at first and then some of them are transformed into ettringite(C3A.3CaSO4.32H2O) within 30~60 min. when the concentration of SO3 in the paste are enough. However the formed ettringite are changed slowly into calcium monosulfate hydrate as the concentration of SO3 become lowered, and the paste is hardened with these close-packed minerals. When the content of SO3 in clinker is so enough, calcium sulfoaluminate hydrates are found without any addition of anhydrite or hemi-hydrite.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 춘계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.105-106
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• 2017

The metal spray method, one of the surface anti-corrosion methods to prevent the corrosion of the steel material, does little effects on the material, while it can be used on a wider surface. However, metal spraying is used only in a limited environment, and research on the case of using with concrete is lacking. The purpose of this study was to observe the corrosion behavior of steels with metal spray coatings in concrete using electrochemical methods And to evaluate the performance of the method according to the type of metal used in the metal spray. As a result, the Al metal spray coating showed the best performance, because Aluminum is oxidized in the cement mortar and forms alumina oxide film.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제54권9호
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• pp.3235-3241
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• 2022

The Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) is planning the construction of the KIJANG Research Reactor (KJRR) for stable supply of ⁹⁹Mo. The Fission ⁹⁹Mo Production Process (FMPP) of KJRR produces solid waste such as spent uranium cake and alumina cake, and liquid waste in the form of intermediate level liquid waste (ILLW) and low level liquid waste (LLLW). This study thus established the operating range and optimum operating conditions for the cementation of ILLW from FMPP. It also evaluated whether cement waste form samples produced under optimum operational conditions satisfy the waste acceptance criteria (WAC) of a disposal facility in Korea (Korea radioactive waste agency, KORAD). Considering economic feasibility and safety, optimum operational conditions were achieved at a w/c ratio of 0.55, and the corresponding salt content was 5.71 wt%. The cement waste form samples prepared under optimum operational conditions were found to satisfy KORAD's WAC when tested for structural stability and leachability. The results indicate that the proposed cementation conditions for the disposal of ILLW from FMMP can be effectively applied to KJRR's disposal facility.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.382-387
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• 2013

PURPOSE. Although several surface treatments have been recently investigated both under in vitro and in vivo conditions, controversy still exists regarding the selection of the most appropriate zirconia surface pre-treatment. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of alumina (Al) and aluminium nitride (AlN) coating on the shear bond strength of adhesive resin cement to zirconia core. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Fifty zirconia core discs were divided into 5 groups; air particle abrasion with 50 ${\mu}m$ aluminum oxide particles ($Al_2O_3$), polishing + Al coating, polishing + AlN coating, air particle abrasion with 50 ${\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ + Al coating and air particle abrasion with 50 ${\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$ + AlN coating. Composite resin discs were cemented to each of specimens. Shear bond strength (MPa) was measured using a universal testing machine. The effects of the surface preparations on each specimen were examined with scanning electron microscope (SEM). Data were statistically analyzed by one-way ANOVA (${\alpha}$=.05). RESULTS. The highest bond strengths were obtained by air abrasion with 50 ${\mu}m$ $Al_2O_3$, the lowest bond strengths were obtained in polishing + Al coating group (P<.05). CONCLUSION. Al and AlN coatings using the reactive magnetron sputtering technique were found to be ineffective to increase the bond strength of adhesive resin cement to zirconia core.