• Journal of Korean Tunnelling and Underground Space Association
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.199-209
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• 2021

Alternative methods of rock cutting have been introduced to substitute and to improve the traditional mechanical rock excavation methods (e.g., TBM and roadheader). Undercutting methods have been recently studied in some countries. In undercutting, several additional cutting parameters are involved in its cutting process compared to the traditional rock-cutting. As a fundamental study, this paper introduces the concept of undercutting method with actuated disc, lab-scaled testing system, and testing procedures of undercutting by the system. Also, we present the calculation methods of cutter forces and specific energy, and discuss the results of undercutting tests compared to those of traditional rock-cutting methods.

• Design Convergence Study
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.27-39
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to develop design guidelines for developing innovative products utilizing the characteristics of creative consumers(cresumers) who create alternative usages of consumer products, and to suggest effective way of applying the guidelines in design process. To do this, the study conducted the analysis on the characteristics and types of cresumers and in-depth interviews and observations of actual cresumers. The study was able to initially come up with 131 items in 7 categories through keywordization and affinity analysis of prior outcomes, and reorganized and modified those to 52 items in 4 categories. After verification of co-relationship and credibility analysis with 2 evaluation sessions (7-scale SD), the study has reached 4 categories - product concept development, product development, product use environment, and market possibility - with 46 guideline items. The study developed a design toolkit to effectively apply the guidelines in the product development process. The toolkit consists of three chapters and provides explanations and related examples to clarify the categories and individual guidelines, designed in the form of cards and booklet.

• CELLMED
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.3.1-3.6
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• 2021

Ascites is the accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity, and it is generally allied with liver disease like cirrhosis of the liver. The ascites is commonly associated with liver cirrhosis, malignancy, or cardiovascular disease today. The liver cirrhosis is the most significant cause of ascites in developed countries as per the available data. In the modern medicine system, the treatment includes the restriction of sodium intake, use of diuretics, and paracentesis done in severe cases. There are many side effects of synthetic chemical diuretics, and their long-term use is not recommended. The alternative medicine like Unani system of medicine provides natural diuretics and drugs which also have protective effects on kidney, liver and other internal organs. It is well known in all drug systems that the prognosis is poor in ascites, but the use of Unani herbal medicines can minimize the side effects caused by synthetic chemical diuretics. The natural herbs used for the management of ascites have fewer side effects as compared to synthetic drugs. The natural drugs can be used for longer duration and provide some dietary supplement which improves the quality of life. This review addressed the thorough treatment of ascites by natural diet and medications.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.58-63
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• 2021

This research aims to reconsider the necessity of an alternative way(s) for contemporary actor training and acting in discussing and articulating Diderot and Suzuki's concepts and approaches for acting/training. First of all, the physical body, assumed and conceptualized by Diderot is beyond our control by means of a type of radical body/mind dualism, and is based on the concept that body and mind are separate. In contrast, Suzuki's notion of acting/training is raised by his concern about the role of an actor's body in the constitution of an actor's bodily experience against the imitation of the West-oriented theatre/acting/training. The descriptions of the two theatre artists' notion of acting/training gives us insight into the place and role of contemporary theatre as a practical root to encounter and communicate between a doer and a spectator where an actor's body must appropriately be attuned and cultivated towards the cultivation of bodily attributes which are foundation but usually neglected by actors/directors/practitioners particularly in Korea. Especially, misunderstanding of a specific training sources/approaches, namely 'scientific system' and the 'method' have taken us away from the potential possibilities of the lived oneness. Here, the 'possibility' refers to the primary bodily functions within a specific context or being in the here and now rather than attempting to copying, imitating and/or adapting a specific cultural source(s)/approaches/techniques as we have faced with through the previous century. We reconsider and argue that a potential way to correspond the nature of theatre/acting/training is that how to meet the demand of contemporary spectators which in turn intensifies an actor's stability, sustainability and hopefully professional identity in this contemporary era.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.321-340
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• 2021

As many changes in the future society represented by the age of artificial intelligence(AI) are expected to come, efforts are being made to draw the shape of the future education and various research methods are being employed to support the attempts. While many research studies use methods for deriving generalized results such as expert survey and trend analysis in along with a review of literature, there are attempts to apply the scenario methodology to explore ideas and information needed within a changing context. A scenario method, one of the experiential learning strategies, aims to seek various and alternative approaches by establishing a plan from the present conditions considering future changes. In this study, in-service teachers' perceptions and expectations of the interactivity between human and AI teachers were visualized by applying the role-play presentation technique that grafted the concept of role-play game to the scenario method. In addition, the mandal-art method was introduced to support in conducting productive discussion during the teachers' collaboration. This method appeared to help to depict teachers' perceptions of AI teachers in the detailed and concrete form, which may flow in the abstract otherwise. Through analyses of the teachers' role-play presentations with the implementation of the madal-art method it was suggested that most teachers would want to collaborate with an AI teacher for improved instruction and individualized student learning while they would take the instructional authority over the AI teacher in the classroom.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.361-366
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• 2022

Recently, with the development of virtual and augmented reality technology, metaverse is emerging as a new paradigm that will lead the next-generation internet era, and social and economic activities are spreading around the game, entertainment, music, and content industries. Moreover, as non-face-to-face conversion accelerated after the outbreak of COVID-19, lifestyles and industrial sites are becoming untact and further rapidly becoming a metaverse. In particular, the application of metaverse to the education field is attracting attention because realistic classes using real-time voice conversations using avatars, 3D objects, and 360-degree images can increase immersion and overcome the limitations of distance education. This study examines the concept of metaverse and examines that education using metaverse can be an alternative that can increase the efficiency of education in the non-face-to-face era. In particular, it shows that it is effective in language education and suggests an actual metaverse-based Korea language education program.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.99-122
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• 2022

Due to the social distancing in the Corona era, people are looking for an alternative online. As 'eXtended Reality' including various technologies, AR, VR and so on, is also on the rise, and the 'MZ' generation is growing to a new consumer group, the Meta-Verse is again in the spotlight. However, existing studies related to the Meta-Verse were mostly listing fragments of definition and classification or focused on eXtended Reality technologies and a subordinate concept. Hence, this study wold like to conduct an empirical analysis to verify influences of Metaverse's characteristic factors over word-of-mouth intention through flow and satisfaction.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.779-798
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to propose the direction of veganism-based fashion design in environmental and animal protection through the theoretical consideration of vegan fashion and the analysis of the practical design characteristics of veganism in Stella McCartney's fashion. The research was conducted through literature research and case studies. After investigating the concept and characteristics of vegan fashion, focusing on previous studies and various fashion-related Internet data, Stella McCartney's fashion was examined with particular attention on vegan characteristics. The results of the study are as follows: First, imitative nature pursues animal and environmental protection, but the motif or appearance is a characteristic of pursuing a multi-purpose design that imitates animals and nature. Second, expression of value is based on slow fashion, simplicity, and sustainable minimal design. It is expressed indirectly by pursuing permanence, simplicity, and long-wearable design, or directly expressing vegan values through phrases expressed in performances or costumes in the collection. Third, alternative eco-friendliness is characterized by using cruelties-free materials such as faux fur, recycling materials, new bio-materials, and regenerated materials. These vegan characteristics are comprehensively and organically expressed in the works of the collection, and through this, sustainable and eco-friendly vegan fashion is pursued. It is anticipated that by deriving the vegan fashion characteristics of Stella McCartney, who represents vegan fashion, it will be possible to provide the basis for practical direction and design methods for fashion brands aiming for vegan fashion styles.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.5-16
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• 2007

The stone column method is widely used in Europe as an alternative to conventional pile foundations. Several benefits of using the stone column method include sound performance, low cost, expediency of construction, and liquefaction resistance among others. Recently, geosynthetic-encased stone column approach has been developed to improve its load carrying capacity through increasing confinement effect. Although such a concept has been successfully applied in practice, fundamentals of the method have not been fully explored. This paper presents the results of an investigation on the load carrying capacity of geogrid-encased stone column using a series of 2D finite element analyses. A parametric study was then conducted for influencing factors such as effect of geogrid encasement, encasement length, geogrid strength, among others. The results of the analyses indicated improved short- and long-term load carrying capacity of the geogrid-encased stone column method has advantages over the conventional stone column method without encasing.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.21-32
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• 2023

The design of complex man-made systems mostly involves a conceptual modeling phase; therefore, it is important to ensure an appropriate analysis method for these models. A key concept for such analysis is the development of a diagramming technique (e.g., UML) because diagrams can describe entities and processes and emphasize important aspects of the systems being described. The analysis also includes an examination of ontological concepts such as states and events, which are used as a basis for the modeling process. Studying fundamental concepts allows us to understand more deeply the relationship between these concepts and modeling frameworks. In this paper, we critically analyze the classic definition of a state utilizing the Thinging machine (TM) model. States in state machine diagrams are considered the appropriate basis for modeling system behavioral aspects. Despite its wide application in hardware design, the integration of a state machine model into a software system's modeling requirements increased the difficulty of graphical representation (e.g., integration between structural and behavioral diagrams). To understand such a problem, in this paper, we project (create an equivalent representation of) states in TM machines. As a case study, we re-modeled a state machine of an assembly line system in a TM. Additionally, we added possible triggers (transitions) of the given states to the TM representation. The outcome is a complicated picture of assembly line behavior. Therefore, as an alternative solution, we re-modeled the assembly line based solely on the TM. This new model presents a clear contrast between state-based modeling of assembly line behavior and the TM approach. The TM modeling seems more systematic than its counterpart, the state machine, and its notions are well defined. In a TM, states are just compound events. A model of a more complex system than the one in the assembly line has strengthened such a conclusion.