• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.33-40
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• 2014

The purpose of the study was to examine alternating motion rate and its variability in children with childhood apraxia of speech (CAS) compared to typically developing children. Six children with CAS aged 9-12 years old and 10 children who were age-matched participated in the study. This study measured tokens per second and variabilities of the rates during the production of /$p^*$ a/, /$t^*$ a/, and /$k^*$ a/. For variability measures of the rates, each participant was asked to repeat speech tasks three times and the average value of the rates and its standard deviation were obtained. The results revealed that the CAS group showed slower rate only at /$k^*$ a/ than the control group. The CAS group exhibited greater variability of AMR at all the tasks than the control group. The results suggested that variability of AMR might be a more distinctive speech feature to children with CAS than the rate of the speech task.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.29 no.1_2
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• pp.161-171
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• 2011

The convergence rate of a numerical procedure based on Schwarz Alternating Method(SAM) for solving elliptic boundary value problems depends on the selection of the interface conditions applied on the interior boundaries of the overlapping subdomains. It has been observed that the Robin condition (mixed interface condition), controlled by a parameter, can optimize SAM's convergence rate. In [7], one had formulated the multi-parameterized SAM and determined the optimal values of the multi-parameters to produce the best convergence rate for one-dimensional elliptic boundary value problems. However it was not successful for two-dimensional problem. In this paper, we present a new method which utilizes the one-dimensional result to get the optimal convergence rate for the two-dimensional problem.

• Progress in Superconductivity and Cryogenics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.51-54
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• 2013

This paper deals with harmonic components of the voltage on high temperature superconducting wire carrying an alternating current. HTS wire is used to manufacture superconducting power applications carrying an alternating current. Typically, international standard, IEC 61788-3 is used for critical current measurement. Thus, it is not ideal that critical current criteria in dc are adapted to superconducting power devices to decide the operating current of the devices. In this paper, we confirmed odd harmonic voltage on HTS wires carrying an AC. The ratio between harmonic components and fundamental component can be significant clues to decide the critical current criteria for HTS wire and its power applications in AC circumstance.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.12 no.2 s.35
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• pp.135-140
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• 2005

Although it was recently observed that severe fatigue damage was formed in Al or Cu interconnects due to the cyclic temperatures generated by Joule heating of the metal lines by the passage of alternating currents (AC), AC loading frequency effect on the damage evolution characteristics are not known so far. This work focused on the effect of AC loading frequency (100 Hz vs. 10 kHz) on the thermo-mechanical fatigue characteristics by using polycrystalline sputtered Cu lines with temperature cycles with amplitudes from 100 to $300^{\circ}C$. It was consistently observed that higher loading frequency accelerated damaged grain growth and led to earlier failure irrespective of Cu grain sizes. The frequency effect is believed to result from differences in the concentration of defects created by the deformation-induced motion of dislocations to the grain boundaries.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.101-124
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• 2002

The convergence rate of a numerical procedure barred on Schwarz Alternating Method (SAM) for solving elliptic boundary value problems (BVP's) depends on the selection of the interface conditions applied on the interior boundaries of the overlapping subdomains. It hee been observed that the Robin condition(mixed interface condition), controlled by a parameter, can optimize SAM's convergence rate. Since the convergence rate is very sensitive to the parameter, Tang[17] suggested another interface condition called over-determined interface condition. Based on the over-determined interface condition, we formulate the two-layer multi-parameterized SAM. For the SAM and the one-dimensional elliptic model BVP's, we determine analytically the optimal values of the parameters. For the two-dimensional elliptic BVP's , we also formulate the two-layer multi-parameterized SAM and suggest a choice of multi-parameter to produce good convergence rate .

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers A
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.1424-1428
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• 1999

This paper presents a mathematical decomposition coordination method to implementing the distributed optimal power flow (OPF), wherein a regional decomposition technique is adopted to parallelize the OPT. The proposed approach is based on the Alternating Direction Method (ADM), a variant of the conventional Augmented Lagrangian approach, and makes it possible the independent regional AC-OPF for each control area while the global optimum for the entire system is assured. This paper is an extension of our previous work based on the auxiliary problem principle (APP). The proposed approach in this paper is a completely new one, however, in that ADM is based on the Proximal Point Algorithm which has long been recognized as one of the attractive methods for convex programming and min-max-convex-concave programming. The proposed method was demonstrated with IEEE 50-Bus system.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• summer
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• pp.836-838
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• 2004

Alternating current switch-fuse combinations shall be designed so as to protect for load circuit of distribution line. this switch system shall be test on making and breaking at short-circuit current. the test dutys were performed to prove correct coordination between the switch and fuses in applied test conditions This paper describes characteristics and test method for prove to performance of alternating current switch-fuse combinations.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.18 no.7
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• pp.1274-1277
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• 2008

The inactivating efficiency of alternating high-voltage pulsed (AHVP) current was investigated in brine (20 w/v% NaCl) and saline (0.9 w/v% NaCl) inoculated with $1\times10^7$ cells/ml of Listeria monocytogenes. AHVP current at 12 V with 1 pulse completely inactivated L. monocytogenes in brine within 3 ms, while the bacteria in saline were fully inactivated by 10-pulsed electric treatment at 12 V within the same time. Electron microscopic observation demonstrated substantial structural damage of electrically treated L. monocytogenes in brine. These results suggest that AHVP treatment would be effective for the rapid and complete inactivation of L. monocytogenes in brine or saline solution.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.12
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• pp.3838-3846
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• 1996

A method is proposed to obtain the stress intensity factors of multiple cracks lying on many straight llnes in an infinite isotropic plate. In this mehtod, analytical solutions for collinear multiple cracks subject to surface point forces are obrained and used as Green functions. For the multiple cracks lying onmany straight lines, the equivalent crack surface tractions are obtained by using the alternating method and the stress intensity factors are calculated. By using the proposed method several useful problems are solved and discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Physical Society
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• v.73 no.9
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• pp.1225-1229
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• 2018

The Drosophila auditory system consists of four large basal segments: the arista, the funiculus, the pedicel, and the scape. When an acoustic stimulus is applied to the arista and the funiculus their mechanical vibrations are transmitted to chordotonal neurons in Johnston's organ where mechanoelectric transduction arises. We study the mechanotransduction mechanism in the Drosophila auditory system by using a laser Doppler vibrometer (LDV) and extracellular electrophysiology. We find that large and small peaks appear alternatively and that the antenna vibration is asymmetric depending on whether the pedicel and the scape are fixed. Interestingly, we find that this asymmetric vibration accompanies the alternating neural peak structure. Here, we propose a mathematical model to explain the alternating peak structure by using a model consisting of two opposing neurons that are modeled as strings. Generally, strings have tension only when they are elongated. This property allows the alternating neural peaks for asymmetric antenna motion.