• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제28권10호
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• pp.1639-1640
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• 2007

• ALGAE
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.121-129
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• 2013

Intact phycobilisomes from a wild-type red Chondrus crispus and its vegetatively derived green mutant were isolated by centrifugation through a discontinuous sucrose density gradient. Pigment composition was subsequently characterized by spectrophotometry. Vegetative thalli of the two strains grown together for six months in the laboratory resulted in different pigment profiles. Two pigmented phycobilisome bands appeared in the sucrose gradient of the wild-type alga, a purple coloured one, and a pink one, whereas only a single blue band appeared in the gradient of the green mutant. Spectrophotometric and fluorescence analyses identified the phycobiliprotein composition of the purple band as the typical phycoerythrin-phycocyanin-allophycocyanin complement in the wild-type, but there was no detectable phycoerythrin present in the blue band of the green mutant. Sodium dodecyl sulphate, preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis confirmed the presence of allophycocyanin subunits in all extracts, but firm evidence of an R-phycoerythrin linker polypeptide in the blue band was missing. These results highlight the ability of C. crispus to adapt to a phycoerythrin deficiency by adjusting light harvesting pigment ratios.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.534-538
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• 2013

The effects of lights with different wavelengths on the growth and the yield of extracellular polysaccharides of Nostoc flagelliforme cells were investigated in a liquid cultivation. N. flagelliforme cells were cultured for 16 days in 500 ml conical flasks containing BG11 culture medium under $27{\mu}mol{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ of light intensity and $25^{\circ}C$ on a rotary shaker (140 rpm). The chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, and phycoerythrin contents in N. flagelliforme cells under the lights of different wavelengths were also measured. It was found that the cell biomass and the yield of polysaccharide changed with different wavelengths of light. The biomass and the yield of extracellular polysaccharides under the red or violet light were higher than those under other light colors. Chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, and allophycocyanin are the main pigments in N. flagelliforme cells. The results showed that N. flagelliforme, like other cyanobacteria, has the ability of adjusting the contents and relative ratio of its pigments with the light quality. As a conclusion, N. flagelliforme cells favor red and violet lights and perform the complementary chromatic adaptation ability to acclimate to the changes of the light quality in the environment.

• 한국어업기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국어업기술학회 2001년도 춘계 수산관련학회 공동학술대회발표요지집
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• pp.87-88
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• 2001

아열대성 홍조류인 갈래곰보는 해수온도가 12-13$^{\circ}C$ 이상을 유지하는 제주도 남쪽해안에서만 자생하고 있다. 홍조류에는 phycoerythrin, phycocyanin 및 allophycocyanin 색소성분을 함유하고 있으며, 이러한 성분은 품종이나 색소추출방법에 따라 최대습수 파장이 다소 차이가 나타나며, 흡광도에 의해서 색소의 특징을 나타내게 한다. (중략)

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제33권5호
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• pp.482-488
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• 2000

실린더 배양기에선 구한 최적의 조건을 helical tubular photobioreactor (18L)에 맞도록 조절하여 수확한 S. platensis의 일반성분을 분석 한 결과, 단백질은 $64.5{\pm}2.8$, 당질은 $20.8{\pm}1.9$, 지방질은 $7.2{\pm}1.2$ 및 회분 함량은 $7.8{\pm}0.8$이었다. 본 균체로부터 c-phycocyanin을 추출하여 염석과 Sephadex G-100으로 정제한 결과 크게 3개의 획분이 확인되었다. 이 획분들의 스펙트럼을 분석한 결과, 최대 흡광 영역 652nm의 allophycocyanin과 최대 흡광 영역 622 nm의 c-phycocyanin이 확인되었고, 확실하지는 않지만 phycoerythrin으로 추측되는 한 획분을 얻을 수 있었다. 한편, c-phycocyanin 획분은 건조 균체량에 대해 $1.5{\%}$ 정도의 매우 높은 수율을 나타내었다. 부분 정제된 c-phycocyanin의 안정성을 실험한 결과, 저온에서는 매우 안정하였으며, $50^{\circ}C$ 이상의 온도에서는 약간 변색이 일어나는 것으로 확인되었다. 빛에 대한 반응은 15000 lux까지도 전혀 변색이 일어나지 않았으나, 25000 lux에서는 약 $25{\%}$의 변색이 일어난 것으로 나타났다. pH에 대해서는 중성부근이하 pH 4까지의 산성영역에서는 매우 안정한 것으로 나타났으며, pH 9 이상의 알칼리 영역에서는 다소 불안한 것으로 나타났는데, pH 11의 조건에서는 $15{\%}$ 정도의 변색이 일어난 것으로 확인되었다. 한편, pH, 온도 및 빛 강도의 변화에 따른 금속의 영향을 확인하지는 않았으나 본 실험 조건에서는 종류에 관계없이 c-phycocyanin의 안정성에 영향을 미치지는 않는 것으로 나타났다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.372-375
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• 2007

Reactive oxygen species(ROS) or free radicals are produced in the pathogenesis of human diseases including atherosclerosis, diabetes, cancer, and aging. Antioxidants are associated with the prevention of ROS-induced tissue and cellular damage in the various diseases. This study investigated the antioxidative activities of the methanol extract of Alisma plantagoaquatica var. orientale and its main component under conditions of radical generation using allophycocyanin and ferric-thiocyanate assay. Alisol B 23-acetate as a main component was isolated from the methanol extract of Alisma plantago-aquatica var. orientale. In results, the extract of Alisma plantago-aquatica var. orientale showed inhibitory activity on AAPH [2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane)dihydrochloride]-induced protein oxidation. Also, the extract of Alisma plantago-aquatica var. orientale and alisol B 23-acetate inhibited lipid peroxidation. These results indicate that Alisma plantago-aquatica var. orientale and alisol B 23-acetate show promise as therapeutic agents for various damages involving free radical reactions.

• ALGAE
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.407-416
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• 2006

Low molecular weight carbohydrates, phycobilin pigments and cell structure using light and transmission electron microscopy were used to describe a new genus of unicellular red algae, Erythrolobus coxiae (Porphyridiales, Porphyrideophyceae, Rhodophyta). The nucleus of Erythrolobus is located at the cell periphery and the pyrenoid, enclosed by a cytoplasmic starch sheath, is in the cell center. The pyrenoid matrix contains branched tubular thylakoids and four or more chloroplast lobes extend from the pyrenoid along the cell periphery. A peripheral encircling thylakoid is absent. The Golgi apparatus faces outward at the cell periphery and is always associated with a mitochondrion. Porphyridium and Flintiella, the other members of the Porphyrideophyceae, also lack a peripheral encircling thylakoid and have an ER-mitochondria-Golgi association. The low molecular weight carbohydrates digeneaside and floridoside are present, unlike both Porphyridium and Flintiella, which have only floridoside. The phycobilin pigments B-phycoerythrin, R-phycocyanin and allophycocyanin are present, similar to Porphyridium purpureum. The cells have a slow gliding motility without changing shape and do not require substrate contact. The ultrastructural features are unique to members of the Porphyrideophyceae and recent molecular analyses clearly establish the validity of this new red algal class and the genus Erythrolobus.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.887-893
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• 2010

In this study, the quality characteristics of tofu prepared with added spirulina(0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1%). As the concentration of spirulina increased, tofu yield decreased and the pH and turbidity increased. The Hunter L(lightness) and a(redness) values of tofu decreased as the amount of spirulina increased. Phycocyanin(C-phycocyanin, allophycocyanin and phycoerythrin) contents increased according to the spirulina amount. Moreover the antioxidant activity of tofu increased as the concentration of spirulina increased($IC_{50}$ values for control was 150.7 mg/g; 1% spirulina, 82.5 mg/g). Textural properties(TPA) for hardness, gumminess, and chewiness were higher in spirulina with added tofu, compared to those of control. Regarding the overall acceptability of sensory properties, spirulina with 0.5% added tofu had the highest scores among all treatments. From these results, it was suggested that the optimal amount of added spirulina was 0.5% for the preparation of high quality tofu.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.87-99
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• 1991

Changes of phycobiliproteins(PBP) quantity and ferredoxin-NADP reductase(FNR) activity were investigated in various light illuminated cyanobacteria, Anabaena variabilis. PBP components were increased under blue light illumination, whereas decreased under red light illumination. PBP contents were twofolds in blue light than in red light. In view of the PBP composition, allophycocyanin(APC) in red light was higher 5.5% and phycoerythrocyanin(PEC) in blue light was higher 2.2% than in white light-illuminated PBP. It was suggested that PBP changes in bule light be the results of regulation of photosysthetic efficiency and protection of photosystem, whereas PBP changes in red light be effected by adaptation of adequate harvesting of light energy in photosystem. Changes of FNR activity were highest in red light, and sequenced lower to blue light and green light. It means that light-dependent production rate of NADP is the highest in red light. The difference of values was larger than that of values in comparison of red and blue light. It was suggested that increasing of FNR activity be due not to the function of isozyme, but to the synthesis of enzymes. Because of NAD/NADP regulation-effect to metabolism, it was considered that FNR activity might influence the metabolism indirectly and explain the probability of regulation in pathways of key enzyme activation. FNR activity was directly proportional to intensity of light. Optimum temperature and pH were about 25℃ and 7.5, respectively.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.1134-1139
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• 2010

This study explored the chronic effects of different doses of the triazole fungicide tebuconazole on the growth, and metabolic and enzymatic functions of the filamentous paddy field cyanobacterium, Westiellopsis prolifica Janet. The growth of the cyanobacterium was determined by an estimation of the change in pigment contents. Chlorophyll-a, carotenoids, and accessory pigments such as phycocyanin, allophycocyanin, and phycoerythrin were shown to decline over a 16-day period by a factor of 92%, 93%, 83%, 95%, and 100%, respectively, with increasing doses of the fungicide. Metabolic and enzymatic activities were also adversely affected. Over the 16 days, a gradual rise in total phenol content was recorded when Westiellopsis prolifica Janet was treated with 60 ppm of the fungicide, despite the reduction in carbohydrates, proteins, and amino acids by 96%, 92%, and 90%, respectively. Moreover, the enzymes nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) also registered reductions of 93%, 90%, and 98%, respectively. This study indicates that tebuconazole, although an important fungicide used extensively in rice fields, exhibits an inhibitory effect on the growth and metabolic activities of Westiellopsis prolifica Janet and hence possibly on other varieties as well.