• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.294-298
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• 1998

The feature of neuropathic pain may occur in the absence of any apparent stimulus and be exaggerated in either amplitude or duration. Peripheral nerve injury may produce neuropathic pain and opioids have been shown to be relatively unsatisfactory for the treatment of most cases of neuropathic pain. The NMDA receptor system is involved in transmission and modulation of nociceptive information. We treated patients with severe pain, hyperaesthesia and allodynia with epidural injection of NMDA receptor antagonist, ketamine (10 mg) and morphine (0.5 mg) or other opioid. The combinations provided effective pain management in 23 patients with neuropathic pain.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.80-84
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• 1992

49세 여자 환자가 경부 추간판 탈출증의 치료를 받기위하여 전신 마취하에 우측의 추궁 절제술과 전방 추체간 접합술을 받고난 즉시 회복실에서 부터 양측 상지에 작열통이 발생하였다. 환자는 양측 상지에 전형적인 작열통의 증상인 allodynia, 통각 과민(hyperalgesia), 통각 이상 과민증 (hyperpathia)을 보였으며 특히 우측 상지에는 심한 부종을 보이고 있었다. 환자는 일련의 성상 신경절 차단과 disposable $Daymate^{TM}$ portable elastomeric infusor를 이용한 연속적 상완신경총 차단으로 작열통이 완치되었다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.244-247
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• 1996

A 67 year old male with postherpetic neuralgia complained of right anterior chest throbbing pain and also allodynia. We performed thoracic epidural block with 0.25% bupivacaine and 1% lidocaine. Oral carbamazepine and imipramine were also administred concomitantly. One month later, patient complained of fatigue, anorexia, pruritis, jaundice, and dark urine. Liver function test values were significantly elevated then. Therefore we removed the epidural catheter and ceased all medication. Liver function test values decreased rapidly after discontinuation of medication. Hepatitis might have developed as result of drugs administered and could have been prevented if the patient had been monitored with regular clinical laboratory follow up. The purpose of this case report is emphasize the importance of early regular laboratory test to detect any possible side effect that may occur by administration of drugs during treatment of chronic pain.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.263-269
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• 1994

Causaliga is a syndrome of sustained burning pain, allodynia and hyperpathia after a traumatic nerve lesion, often combined with vasomotor and sudomotor dysfunction and later trophic changes. Various treatments of causalgia contain sympathetic blockade, sympathectomy, transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation, physical therapy, cryotherapy and psychotherapy. Repeated stellate ganglion blocks with 6ml of 0.25% bupivacaine provided good results for 2 patients. We recommand sympathetic blocks for treatment of causalgia.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.261-264
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• 1993

A 26 year old male patient had admitted to the department of plastic surgery for the treatment of skin defect of forearm and spastic contracture of right hand, attributable to burn injury following carbon monoxide intoxication. After receiving skin graft the patients tenotomy of flexor tendons, the patients was consulted to pain clinic for further evaluation and treatment of allodynia, hyperalgesia, and hyperpathia with marked emotional insufficiency. The patient was treated with stellate ganglion blocks, intermittent or continuous epidural blocks, and intermittent brachial plexus blocks for 3 months. with this treatment the patient's pain level improved to(VAS 10 to 4~5) and was discharged. The patient was readmitted 3 months later, due to the aggrzvation of pain. Brachial plexus blocks were given again by interscalene, supraclavicular, or axillary route, sometimes using a catheter, together with cervical epidural blocks. Tricyclic antidepressant was also prescribed. The results were remarkably good(VAS 2~3) and the patient did not require any further analgesic medication.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.195-198
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• 2013

Herpes zoster is a cutaneous infection that is characterized by an acute vesicobullous rash with ipsilateral one or two dermatomal distribution and painful allodynia, while predominantly being found in the elderly. Extensive cutaneous dissemination has been reported in immune-compromised patients, such as those who suffer from HIV infections, cancer, chemotherapy, and corticosteroid therapy patients. However, we report a case of disseminated herpes zoster infection in an immuno-competent elderly individual.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.69-75
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• 2022

Chronic pain is induced by tissue or nerve damage and is accompanied by pain hypersensitivity (i.e., allodynia and hyperalgesia). Previous studies using in vivo two-photon microscopy have shown functional and structural changes in the primary somatosensory (S1) cortex at the cellular and synaptic levels in inflammatory and neuropathic chronic pain. Furthermore, alterations in local cortical circuits were revealed during the development of chronic pain. In this review, we summarize recent findings regarding functional and structural plastic changes of the S1 cortex and alteration of the S1 inhibitory network in chronic pain. Finally, we discuss potential neuromodulators driving modified cortical circuits and suggest further studies to understand the cortical mechanisms that induce pain hypersensitivity.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.35-45
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• 2022

Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) is a chronic regional pain disorder that most frequently affects the limbs. It is characterized by hyperalgesia, allodynia, edema, motor disturbance, and vasomotor instability, and typically occurs following surgery or trauma. In type-I CRPS there is no confirmed nerve injury, while peripheral nerve injury is present in type-II CRPS. The multifactorial pathophysiological etiology of CRPS includes inflammation, autoimmune responses, abnormal cytokine production, autonomic dysfunction, altered blood flow, psychological factors, and central cortical reorganization. There are no specific laboratory diagnostic tools for CRPS, and so it is diagnosed clinically. The Budapest criteria are currently the most-accepted diagnostic criteria.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.137-144
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• 2022

Poria cocos is a natural substance known to have anticancer, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. The aim of this study is to investigate the analgesic effects of Poria cocos extract (PCE). We evaluated the analgesic effects of PCE using adjuvant induced arthritis rat model. Male SD rats were administered intra-orally with PCE according to prescribed dosage, during 6 days. After 6 days later, serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA. In our experiment, administration of PCE decreased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and PGE2 level in serum. Furthermore, it was confirmed that allodynia was relieved in evaluation of pain behavior. It was confirmed that administration of PCE reduces nociceptive pain by reducing nociceptive stimuli by acting as an anti-inflammatory drug.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제29권3호
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• pp.152-158
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• 2023

The aim of this study is to investigate the analgesic effects of Syneilesis aconitifolia Maxim. extract (SAM). We evaluated analgesic effects of SAM on animal pain model. Male SD rats were administered intra-orally with SAM according to prescribed dosage. During 7 days. After 7 days later, serum TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 levels were measured by ELISA. In our experiment, administration of SAM decreased IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and PGE2 level in serum. Furthermore, it was confirmed that allodynia was relieved in evaluation of pain behavior. It was confirmed that administration of SAM reduces nociceptive pain by reducing nociceptive stimuli by acting as an anti-inflammatory drug.