• Title/Summary/Keyword: allantoin

Search Result 62, Processing Time 0.026 seconds

Effects of Monensin Administation on Mammary Function in Late Lactating Crossbred Holstein Cattle

  • Thammacharoen, S.;Chanpongsang, S.;Chaiyabutr, N.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • v.14 no.12
    • /
    • pp.1712-1718
    • /
    • 2001
  • An experiment was carried out to study the effect of monensin administration on mammary functions in crossbred Holstein cattle. Fourteen non-pregnant late lactating crossbred Holstein cattle, approximately 270 days postpartum, were selected for the experiment. They were divided into two groups of 7 animals each. Seven animals in the treated group were given sodium monensin orally in a slow-release capsule. Animals in both control and treated groups were fed the similar diet to maintain milk production and body score at 2.5. Rice straw was fed as a source of dietary fiber throughout the experimental period. After monensin administration, a significant increase in the molar percent of ruminal propionate (p<0.05) and a significant decrease in the molar percent of ruminal acetate (p<0.05) were apparent in comparison to the pretreated period. The ratio of acetate to propionate concentration decreased significantly after monensin administration (p<0.05), while it was maintained at the similar level throughout the period of experiment in the control group. Monensin did not affect the molar percent of ruminal butyrate and valerate. The concentration of milk allantoin between the control group and monensin treated group was not different. An excretion rate of allantoin in milk decreased in animals treated with monensin (p<0.05). Mammary blood flow did not show significant difference between control and monensin treated groups. The plasma glucose concentration, arteriovenous concentration difference and mammary gland uptake of glucose remained constant in both groups. Milk yield of the later stage of lactation in the control group declined during lactation advance while a tendency to increase in the milk yield was apparent after 21 days monensin administration. Milk compositions for concentration of lactose, fat and protein in both control group and monensin treated group did not change throughout the experimental periods. From these results, it can be concluded that the action of monensin could affect the ruminal fermentation pattern. Monensin could not increase milk yield in the late lactating period.

Isolation of Urease Inhibitory Compounds from Arecae Semen (빈랑자 (Arecae Semen)로부터 Urease 억제 활성 물질의 분리)

  • Ryu, Jei-Man;Jang, Hwan-Bong;Rho, Yang-Kook;Oh, Seong-Jun;Lee, Hyun-Yong;Leem, Moon-Jeong
    • Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
    • /
    • v.36 no.1 s.140
    • /
    • pp.56-59
    • /
    • 2005
  • Urease plays an important role in the urea metabolism and the effect of urease activity on human and environment is enormous. For instance, urease acts as a virulence factor of the urinary and gastrointestinal tracts infections in human and animal, being involved in kidney stone formation, catheter encrusatation, pyelonephritis, ammonia encephalopathy, hepatic coma, and urinary tract infections. Widespread urease activity in soil induces a plant damage due to ammonia toxicity and pH increase. Therefore, urease activity regulation through urease inhibitors would lead to an enhanced efficiency of urea nitrogen uptake in plants and to the improved therapeutic strategies for ureolytic bacterial infections. To search for new inhibitory compounds on urease activity from herbs, MeOH extracts of herbs were screened. Among of them, the MeOH extracts of Areca catechu exhibited an excellent inhibitory effect on urease activity. Two compounds were isolated from the ethyl acetate fraction by the activity guided fractionation. Their chemical structures were identified as (+)-catechin(compound I) and allantoin(compound II) by spectroscopic evidence, respectively. Compound I showed a stronger inhibitory effect on urease activity than compound II.

Effect of Inoculation with Bradyrhizobium sp. and Lime Types on Peanut Plant at Newly Reclaimed Area -1. Content of Nutrients in Plant and Yield (야산개간지(野山開墾地)에서 근류균(根瘤菌) 접종(接種) 및 석회(石灰) 비종별(肥種別) 시용(施用)이 땅콩 생육(生育)에 미치는 영향 -1. 식물체중(植物體中) 양분함량(養分含量) 및 수량(收量))

  • Lee, Deog-Bae;Im, Geon-Jae;Kwon, Tae-Oh;Lee, Sang-Bok;So, Jae-Don
    • Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
    • /
    • v.24 no.3
    • /
    • pp.210-218
    • /
    • 1991
  • This study was carried out to investigate the influence of inoculation with Bradyrhizobia and lime types on the nutrient content and yield of peanut. Inoculation size of Bradyrhizobium sp. HCR-46 was $8.2{\times}10^7$ cells per seed. Slaked lime, magnesium lime, and calcium carbonate were applied in an amount required for neutralization of soil. 150kg of calcium sulfate was fertilized to 10a of the experimental field. Sowing space was $40{\times}25cm$ under vinyl mulching. Leaves and stems for assay were sampled at 100 day after sowing. The obrained results are as follows. 1. Number and dry weight of nodule as well as dry weight of aerial part of peanut plant increased by inoculation with B. sp. and were the highest in calcium carbonate application. 2. Inoculated with B. sp., the contents of T-N, $K_2O$, MgO, allantoin, ammonia, free amino acid and chlorophyll increased, but that of nitrate decreased. 3. The contents of T-N, free amino acid, and chlorophyll were higher in the treatment of calcium carbonate, those of $K_2O$, MgO, allantoin, ammonia were higher in magnesium lime application, and those of CaO and nitrate were higher in slaked lime fertilization than any other lime types. 4. Contents of total sugar and starch in stem at 100 days were higher in the treatment of uninoculation than inoculation with B. sp., and those were highest in the calcium sulfate application than the other lime types. 5. Inoculated with B. sp. length of main stem and number of pods increased significantiy. Yield of seed was higher in inoculation with B. sp. than in uninoculation by 64%, and in the order of carbonate, magnesium lime, slaked lime, in calcium sulfate and non-application was the contribution of soil treatments to yield increases.

  • PDF

Varietal Difference of Growth Response to Soil Acidity in Soybean (토양산도에 따른 대두생육반응의 품질간 차이)

  • 이홍석;정병용
    • KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
    • /
    • v.32 no.1
    • /
    • pp.67-77
    • /
    • 1987
  • To obtain basic information concerning the soybean cultivar differences of physiological and ecological responses to soil pH to select and breed stably higher yielding cultivars, and to improve cultural management of soil differing in pH, the responses of soybean plants in growth, grain yield, nodule formation and its activity, and major chemical compositions of soybean plants were investigated using six cultivars and two levels of soil pH 5 and 7 of the pot and field experimental soil in Suwon, 1985. Acidic soil condition suppressed overall vegetative growth of soybean plants and thereby decreased stem length, number of nodes, leaf area, dry weight of the plants, root activity, nodulation and nodule activity, the content of allantoin nitrogen, total nitrogen, phosphorous, calcium, and magnesium of the plants. Due to the such responses of soybean plants to the acid soil, grain yield also decreased along with less grains per plant. However, the little difference in growth and yield of the cultivar Janbaeglcong in response to soil pH is considered to be a good source of breeding materials tolerant to acidic soil condition. In this regard Bongeui and Oialkong also were relatively stable in the growth and grain yield under the different soil acidity conditions.

  • PDF

Phytochemical Constituents from the Seeds of Lithospermum erythrorhizon

  • Park, Jun-Yeon;Lee, Sul-Lim;Han, Saem;Kim, Hye-Min;Lee, Jeong-Min;Ahn, Young-Hee;Lee, Sook-Young;Lee, Sang-Hyun
    • Natural Product Sciences
    • /
    • v.15 no.4
    • /
    • pp.181-184
    • /
    • 2009
  • Phytochemical constituents were isolated from the seeds of Lithospermum erythrorhizon through open column chromatography and prep-HPLC. Their structures were identified as ${\beta}$-sitosterol (1), daucosterol (2), luteolin (3), and allantoin (4) on the basis of spectroscopic analysis. Among them, luteolin (3) was isolated for the first time from the plant.

Effect of Water Extract from Fugu xanthopterus on the Hyperuricemia in Alcohol-treated Rats (복어추출물이 Alcohol성 고요산혈증에 미치는 영향)

  • 김석환;이경희;신두임;김동훈;최종원
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
    • /
    • v.25 no.1
    • /
    • pp.46-52
    • /
    • 1996
  • The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the water extract of the puffer fish Fugu xanthopterus(FXH) on the alcohol induced hyperuricemia. The normal group and the FXH treated group showed no sigbificant changes in the levels of blood uric acid but, the blood uric acid significantly decreased in the FXh treated rats with 100mg/kg for two weeks compared to the ethanol treated group. There were no significant changes in the activities of uricase, adenosine deaminase, guanine deaminase, and purine uncleoside phosphorylase, among all the test group. But the activitis of liver xanthine oxidase were recovered to the normal level in ethanol +FXH treated group comparing to the ethanol treated group. Furthermore, ethanol+FXH treated rats showed the similar pattern in the levels of blood uric acid and urinary allantoin with normal group. These results indicate that the decreased blood uric acid by the FXH treatment of the alcohol induced hyperuricemia rats may result from decreased activity of hepatic xanthine oxidase.

  • PDF

Chemical Constituents of Gomphrena globosa. II

  • Dinda, Biswanath;Ghosh, Biplab;Achari, Basudev;Arima, Shiho;Sato, Nariko;Harigaya, Yoshihiro
    • Natural Product Sciences
    • /
    • v.12 no.2
    • /
    • pp.89-93
    • /
    • 2006
  • One new sterol glucoside, $gomphsterol\;{\beta}-D-glucoside$ 1 along with known compounds, ${\beta}-sitosterol$, stigmasterol, campesterol, $stigmasterol-{\beta}-D-glucoside$, friedelin, 3-epi-friedelinol, allantoin, and $chrysoeriol-7-O-{\beta}-D-glucoside$ have been isolated from the aerial parts of Gomphrena globosa (Amaranthaceae). On the basis of spectroscopic (including 2D NMR) and chemical studies, the structure of 1 was elucidated as $(22E,24S)-24-ethylcholesta-7,9(11),22-trien-3{\beta}-ol-3-O-{\beta}-D-glucopyranoside$. Known compounds are reported for the first time from this plant species.

Analysis of Index Components in Medicinal Crops of Andong Area Cultivated at Different Altitude (안동지역 약용작물의 표고별 지표성분 분석)

  • An, Hui Jeong;Chung, Koo Min
    • Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
    • /
    • v.22 no.2
    • /
    • pp.91-97
    • /
    • 2014
  • The contents of index components in 5 medicinal crops cultivated at different heights in Andong area. The contents of allantoin in Dioscorea batatas Decne and catalpol in Rehmannia glutinosa Liboschitz were not different by cultivation heights (100 ~ 200m). But the contents of index components in Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa were higher in samples cultivated at elevated heights. At 700 m of heights, the contents of formononetin and astragaloside I in Astragalus membranaceus were 1.20 and $201.2{\mu}g/g$, respectively. The contents of decursin and nodakenin in Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa were 68.3 and 4.20 mg/g, respectively. Thus Astragalus membranaceus and Angelica acutiloba Kitagawa are recommended to be cultivated in higher altitude.

Quality characteristics of fresh-cut Dioscorea bulbifera treated under various blanching conditions prior to vacuum-packaging during storage (블랜칭 처리에 의한 신선편이 둥근마의 저장 중 품질 특성)

  • Seong, Bong Jae;Kim, Sun Ick;Jee, Moo Geun;Kim, Soo Dong;Kwon, A Reum;Kim, Hyun Ho;Lee, Ka Soon
    • Food Science and Preservation
    • /
    • v.24 no.5
    • /
    • pp.565-575
    • /
    • 2017
  • This study was carried out to investigate shelf-life and quality of fresh-cut Dungkunma (Dioscorea bulbifera) in order to elevate utilization of Dungkunma a fresh food. Before vacuum-packaging (in polyethylene/polypropylene film ($100{\mu}m$, $15{\times}20cm$, $75{\pm}2cmHg$) and storaging at $2^{\circ}C$, Dungkunma was peeled out and cut to dice type ($2.0{\pm}0.5cm^3$), and then washed and blanched using hot water (at $90{\pm}2^{\circ}C$ with 2% NaCl solution for 30 sec). Blanched Dungkunma was pre-dried at room temperature, $40^{\circ}C$ and $50^{\circ}C$ for removing surface water. Each peeled dice Dungkunma was packed 50 g in polyethylene/polypropylene film ($100{\mu}m$, $15{\times}20cm$) with vacuum treatment ($75{\pm}2cmHg$) and stored at $2^{\circ}C$ for 90 days. Hardness and adhesiveness of Dungkunma blanched by 2% NaCl and pre-dried at $50^{\circ}C$ (SB50) were the highest, but changes were the least during storage. Lightness and yellowness of stored Dungkunma in all treatments decreased slightly while redness increased during storage. Changes of color of SB50 was the least. Total concentration of aerobic bacteria in SB50 was $1.88{\pm}0.18log\;CFU/g$ during 90 days and E. coli was detected in all treatments during whole storage periods. Dioscin and allantoin contents of SB50 were virtually unchanged during the storage. Consequently, the results of this study suggest that vacuum packaged Dungkunma after blanching using 2% NaCl solution could be effective to prolong the quality of fresh-cut Dungkunma.

Effects of replacement of para-grass with oil palm compounds on body weight, food intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen functions and blood parameters in goats

  • Buranakarl, C.;Thammacharoen, S.;Semsirmboon, S.;Sutayatram, S.;Chanpongsang, S.;Chaiyabutr, N.;Katoh, K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
    • /
    • v.33 no.6
    • /
    • pp.921-929
    • /
    • 2020
  • Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with oil palm frond (leaf) (OPF) with and without oil palm meal (OPM) on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal fermentation and growth performance in goats. Methods: Six female crossbred goats were fed for 28 days of 3 diet treatments; 100% para-grass (T1); 50% para-grass + 50% OPF (T2), and 30% para-grass + 50% OPF + 20% OPM (T3). Body weight, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, and urine volume, food intake, dry matter intake and water intake were measured daily. Nutrient digestibility was determined from five consecutive days of last week in each diet. Ruminal fluid, urine and blood were collected at the end for determination of rumen protozoa and volatile fatty acid contents, urinary allantoin excretion, blood cell count and chemistry profiles. Results: Goats fed T2 and T3 showed higher dry matter and nutrients intakes while protein digestibility was suppressed compared with those for T1. Crude fat digestibility declined in T2 but maintained after adding the OPM (T3). High fat intake by giving OPF and OPM corresponded to a higher ruminal acetate/propionate ratio (C2/C3) and serum cholesterol level. An increased urinary allantoin/creatinine ratio was found in T2 and T3 compared with T1, implying an increased number of ruminal microbes. Conclusion: Increased dry matter intake in T2 and T3 suggested that oil palm by-products are partly useful as a replacement for para-grass in goats. Replacement with the by-products increased plasma cholesterol level, which suggested that these products are a useful energy source. Changes in rumen parameters suggested an increased microbial number and activity suitable for acetate production. However, the limited digestibility of protein implies that addition of high protein feeds may be recommended to increase body weight gain of goats.