Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5713/ajas.19.0069

Effects of replacement of para-grass with oil palm compounds on body weight, food intake, nutrient digestibility, rumen functions and blood parameters in goats  

Buranakarl, C. (Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University)
Thammacharoen, S. (Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University)
Semsirmboon, S. (Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University)
Sutayatram, S. (Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University)
Chanpongsang, S. (Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University)
Chaiyabutr, N. (Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University)
Katoh, K. (Division of Functional and Developmental Science of Livestock Production, Graduate School of Agriculture, Tohoku University)
Publication Information
Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences / v.33, no.6, 2020 , pp. 921-929 More about this Journal
Abstract
Objective: The aim of the present study was to investigate the beneficial effects of dietary supplementation with oil palm frond (leaf) (OPF) with and without oil palm meal (OPM) on nutrient intake and digestibility, ruminal fermentation and growth performance in goats. Methods: Six female crossbred goats were fed for 28 days of 3 diet treatments; 100% para-grass (T1); 50% para-grass + 50% OPF (T2), and 30% para-grass + 50% OPF + 20% OPM (T3). Body weight, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, and urine volume, food intake, dry matter intake and water intake were measured daily. Nutrient digestibility was determined from five consecutive days of last week in each diet. Ruminal fluid, urine and blood were collected at the end for determination of rumen protozoa and volatile fatty acid contents, urinary allantoin excretion, blood cell count and chemistry profiles. Results: Goats fed T2 and T3 showed higher dry matter and nutrients intakes while protein digestibility was suppressed compared with those for T1. Crude fat digestibility declined in T2 but maintained after adding the OPM (T3). High fat intake by giving OPF and OPM corresponded to a higher ruminal acetate/propionate ratio (C2/C3) and serum cholesterol level. An increased urinary allantoin/creatinine ratio was found in T2 and T3 compared with T1, implying an increased number of ruminal microbes. Conclusion: Increased dry matter intake in T2 and T3 suggested that oil palm by-products are partly useful as a replacement for para-grass in goats. Replacement with the by-products increased plasma cholesterol level, which suggested that these products are a useful energy source. Changes in rumen parameters suggested an increased microbial number and activity suitable for acetate production. However, the limited digestibility of protein implies that addition of high protein feeds may be recommended to increase body weight gain of goats.
Keywords
Goat; Nutrient Digestibility; Oil Palm Frond; Oil Palm Meal; Ruminal Fermentation;
Citations & Related Records
연도 인용수 순위
  • Reference
1 Chow MC, Ho CC. Chemical composition of oil droplets from palm oil mill sludge. J Oil Palm Res 2002;14:25-34.
2 Meng GY, Rajion MA, Jafari S, Ebrahimi M. Oil palm frond supplementation can change fatty acid composition of rumen fluid, muscle tissue and blood cholesterol level in crossbred male sheep. Thai J Vet Med 2018;48:137-46.
3 Che Idris CA, Karupaiah T, Sundram K, et al. Oil palm phenolics and vitamin E reduce atherosclerosis in rabbits. J Funct Foods 2014;7:541-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2014.01.002   DOI
4 Ong ASH. Natural sources of tocotrienols. In: Parker L, Fuchs J, editors. Vitamin E in Health and Disease. New York, USA: Marcel Dekker Inc.; 1993. p. 3-8.
5 Sheppard AJ, Pennington JAT, Weihrauch JL. Analysis and distribution of vitamin E in vegetable oils and foods. In: Packer L, Fuchs J, editors. Vitamin E in Health and Disease. New York, USA: Marcel Dekker Inc.; 1993. p. 9-31.
6 Wong HK, Wan Zahari M. Growth performance, mineral balance and metabolic profile of growing Sahiwal Friesian cattle as affected by cocoa pod husks (CPH) levels in palm kernel cake (PKC) based diets. J Trop Agric Food Sci 2002; 30:249-58.
7 Khalil HPSA, Jawaid M, Hassan A, Paridah MT, Zaidon A. Oil palm biomass fibres and recent advancement in oil palm biomass fibres based hybrid biocomposites. In: Hu N, editor. Composites and their applications. 1st ed. Rijeka, Croatia: In Tech, 2012. p. 187-220. https://doi.org/10.5772/48235
8 Zadrazil F, Kamra DN, Isikhuemhen ON, Schuchardt F, Flachowsky G. Bioconversion of lignocellulose into ruminant feed with white rot fungi -review of work done at the FAL, Braunschweig. J Appli Anim Res 1996;10:105-24. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.1996.9706139
9 Atikar IN, Alimon AR, Yaakub H, et al. Profiling of rumen fermentation, microbial population and digestibility in goats fed with dietary oils containing different fatty acids. BMC Vet Res 2018;14:344. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12917-018-1672-0   DOI
10 Oldick BS, Firkins JL. Effects of degree of fat saturation on fiber digestion and microbial protein synthesis when diets are fed twelve times daily. J Anim Sci 2000;78:2412-20. https://doi.org/10.2527/2000.7892412x   DOI
11 Lindberg JE. Retention times of small feed particles and of water in the gut of dairy goats fed at different levels of intake. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr 1988;59:173-81. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0396.1988.tb00062.x   DOI
12 Manso T, Castro T, Mantecon AR, Jimeno V. Effects of palm oil and calcium soaps of palm oil fatty acids in fattening diets on digestibility, performance and chemical body composition of lambs. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2006;127:175-86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2005.08.013   DOI
13 Singh M, Sharma K, Dutta N, et al. Estimation of rumen microbial protein supply using urinary purine derivatives excretion in crossbred calves fed at different levels of feed intake. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2007;20:1567-74. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2007.1567   DOI
14 Williams AG. Rumen holotrich ciliate protozoa. Microbiol Rev 1986;50:25-49.   DOI
15 Ruiz R, Albrecht GL, Tedeschi LO, Jarvis G, Russell JB, Fox DG. Effect of monensin on the performance and nitrogen utilization of lactating dairy cows consuming fresh forage. J Dairy Sci 2001;84:1717-27. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(01)74607-3   DOI
16 Bauchart D, Legay-Carmier F, Doreau M. Ruminal hydrolysis of dietary triglycerides in dairy cows fed lipid-supplemented diets. Reprod Nutr Dev 1990;30(Suppl 2):187s. https://doi.org/10.1051/rnd:19900824   DOI
17 Montoya C, Cochard B, Flori A, et al. Genetic architecture of palm oil fatty acid composition in cultivated oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) compared to its wild relative E. oleifera (H.B.K) cortes. PLOS One 2014;9:e95412. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095412   DOI
18 Abubakr A, Alimon AR, Yaakub H, Abdullah N, Ivan M. Digestibility, rumen protozoa, and ruminal fermentation in goats receiving dietary palm oil by-products. J Saudi Soc Agric Sci 2013;12:147-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jssas.2012.11.002   DOI
19 Rahman MM, Abdullah RB, Wan Khadijah WE, Nakagawa T, Akashi R. Feed intake and growth performance of goats fed with Napier grass and oil palm frond supplemented with soya waste. J Appl Anim Res 2015;43:256-60. https://doi.org/10.1080/09712119.2014.963095   DOI
20 Islam MK, Chowdhury MMR, Islam MM, Hoque MN, Rahman MM. Effects of feeding palm oil and soybean oil on body weight and blood cholesterol in black Bengal goats. Bangl J Vet Med 2009;7:354-7. https://doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v7i2.6004   DOI
21 Abubakr A, Alimon AR, Yaakub H, Abdullah N, Ivan M. Effect of feeding palm oil by-products based diets on total bacteria, cellulolytic bacteria and methanogenic archaea in the rumen of goats. PLOS One 2014;9:e95713. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095713   DOI
22 Abubakr A, Alimon AR, Yaakub H, Abdullah N, Ivan M. Growth, nitrogen metabolism and carcass composition of goats fed palm oil by-products. Small Rumin Res 2013;112: 91-6. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smallrumres.2012.11.003   DOI
23 Association of Official Analytical Chemists (AOAC). Official methods of analysis. 15th ed. Virginia, VA, USA: Association of Official Analytical Chemists Inc; 1990.
24 Van Soest PJ, Robertson JB, Lewis BA. Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber, and non-starch polysaccharides in relation to animal nutrition. J Dairy Sci 1991;74:3583-97. https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(91)78551-2   DOI
25 Lofgreen GP. The estimation of total digestible nutrients from digestible organic matter. J Anim Sci 1953;12:359-65. https:// doi.org/10.2527/jas1953.122359x   DOI
26 Dehority BA. Ciliate protozoa. In: Makkar HPS, McSweeney CS, editors. Methods in gut microbial ecology for ruminants. Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer; 2005. p. 67-78.
27 Young EG, Conway CF. On the estimation of allantoin by Rimini-Schryver reaction. J Bio Chem 1942;142:839-53.   DOI
28 Noosen P, Lounglawan P, Suksombat W. Influence of oil or fat supplementation on rumen fermentation characteristics and ruminal fluid fatty acid profile in Brahman Crossbred fattening steers. Thai J Vet Med 2016;46:77-87.
29 Luginbuhl JM. Nutritional feeding management of meat goats. Raleigh, NC, USA: NC State Extension Publications; 2015 [cited 2019 July 26]. Available from: https://content.ces.ncsu.edu/nutritional-feeding-management-of-meat-goats
30 Raiol LCB, Kuss F, Fernando, Silva AGM, et al. Nutrient intake and digestibility of the lipid residue of biodiesel from palm oil in sheep. R Bras Zootec 2012;41:2364-8. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1516-35982012001100010   DOI
31 Jeong WY, Yi OH, Choi HJ, et al. Effects of dietary vegetable oils on intake, digestibility and methane emission from black goats. J Anim Vet Adv 2012;11:4689-92.
32 Kum WH, Wan Zahari M. Utilization of oil palm by-products as ruminant feed in Malaysia. J Oil Palm Res 2011;23:1029-35.
33 Pimpa O, Khamseekhiew B, Pimpa B, Ruengsuwan S. Protein requirements of beef cattle fed palm oil by-products in the South-Thailand. Khon Kaen Agric 2010;38(Suppl):158-63.
34 Zahari MW, Hassan OA, Wong HK, Liang JB. Utilization of oil palm frond - based diets for beef and dairy production in Malaysia. Asian-Australas J Anim Sci 2003;16:625-34. https://doi.org/10.5713/ajas.2003.625   DOI
35 Legros S, Mialet-Serra I, Caliman JP, et al. Carbohydrates reserves in 9 years old oil palm: nature, distribution and seasonal changes. 2006 International Oil Palm Conference: Optimum Use of Resources: Challenges and Opportunities for Sustainable Oil Palm Development; 2006 June 19-23; Bali, Indonesia.