• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권3호
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• pp.396-400
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• 2008

본 연구에서는 눈꽃동충하초 물추출물이 알코올 대사에 미치는 효과를 동물실험을 통하여 살펴보았다. 알코올과 그 대사산물인 아세트알데히드의 혈중 농도를 측정한 결과, 눈꽃동충하초 물추출물의 경구투여는 흰쥐의 혈중 알코올 농도에는 영향을 미치지 않았으나, 3, 6, 9시간째의 혈중 아세트알데히드 농도를 유의적으로 감소시켰다. 특히 100 mg/kg 농도의 눈꽃동충하초 물추출물 투여 시 혈중 아세트알데히드의 농도-시간 곡선하 면적에서 유의적인 감소를 보였다. 반면에 알코올 투여 후 9시간째 측정한 간의 알코올 탈수소효소, 알데히드 탈수소효소, MEOS의 활성은 눈꽃동충하초 물추출물 투여에 따른 변화를 보이지 않았다. 종합적으로 눈꽃동충하초 물추출물은 혈중 알코올 농도에는 영향을 미치지 않으나 혈중 아세트알데히드 농도를 감소시키는 것으로 보인다. 눈꽃동충하초 물추출물이 혈중 아세트알데히드 수준을 낮추는 작용기전과 관련하여, 경시적인 알코올대사 효소활성의 변화와 간 손상 관련 지표 조사 등에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제42권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 1999

당귀(Angelica gigas Nakai)의 첨가 식이가 만성적인 알콜 투여시 흰쥐의 지방대사, 알콜대사 및 간기능에 미치는 영향을 조사하기 위해 Sprague-Dawley 수컷 쥐를 대조군(증류수 투여), 에탄올 투여군, 당귀 첨가 식이군, 에탄올 투여 와 당귀 첨가 식이군의 4그룹으로 나누어 30일간 에탄올 및 증류수는 경구 투여하였고, 당귀는 AIN-76 식이에 첨가하여 섭취하도록 하였다. 그룹간 혈중 알콜대사 변화를 조사하기 위해 21째 날에 13% 알콜을 모든 군의 쥐에 경구 투여한 후 혈중 알콜농도 변화를 5시간 동안 조사하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다: 1) 당귀 첨가 식이군의 혈중 알콜농도가 정상식이군에 비하여 알콜투여 후 2시간부터 유의적으로 감소하였다; 2) 만성적인 알콜섭취와 동시 당귀 첨가 식이군의 알콜 투여 직후의 혈중 알콜 산화 속도는 정상식이군 혹은 당귀 첨가 식이군에 비하여 전반적으로 빠르게 진행되었다. 또한 30일 후에는 각 그룹의 쥐를 희생시켜 혈중 및 간장 중의 지방성분 및 혈중의 간장 관련 효소의 활성을 측정하였으며, 그 결과는 다음과 같다: 1) 당귀 첨가 식이는 혈중 LDL-콜레스테롤 함량을 비첨가 식이군에 비하여 유의적으로 낮추었다; 2) 당귀 첨가 식이는 알콜투여로 증가된 간장 중의 중성지방 및 총지방 함량과 혈중 ${\gamma}-GTP$의 수준을 유의적으로 낮추었다. 이상의 결과로부터 당귀 첨가식이가 만성적인 알콜 섭취로 야기될 수 있는 질병에 대한 개선 효과가 있음을 제안할 수 있겠다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.422-427
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• 2008

자두와인이 지질대사 및 지질과산화에 미치는 영향을 측정한 결과는 다음과 같다. 4주간의 식이공급 후 알코올대조군과 저알코올 자두와인의 식이효율은 정상대조군에 비해 감소하지 않았으나 자두와인의 식이효율은 감소하였다. 저알코올 자두와인의 체중 100 g당 간무게, 혈장 내 총콜레스테롤 및 동맥경화지수가 알코올대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며 총콜레스테롤에 대한 HDL-콜레스테롤의 비는 알코올대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가하였다. 저알코올 자두와인과 자두와인의 간조직 중 총지질, 중성지질, 총콜레스테롤 및 혈장 AST, ALT 활성은 알코올대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았다. 혈장 및 간조직의 지질과산화물 수준은 저알코올 자두와인이 알코올대조군에 비해 유의하게 낮았으며 자두와인의 혈장 및 간조직의 지질과산화물 수준은 저알코올 자두와인보다는 높고 알코올대조군보다는 낮은 수준이었다. 본 연구의 결과, 자두와인을 적정량 음용할 경우 순수한 알코올을 음용하는 것에 비해 혈장 및 간의 지질대사에 긍정적인 영향을 주며 혈장 및 조직의 지질과산화물 생성을 억제하는 것으로 사료된다.

• 약학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.340-346
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• 2005

To investigate the effect of Feelch on alcohol metabolism, we measured both blood alcohol concentration in human and hepatic alcohol metabolizing enzyme activity in rats. The blood alcohol concentration in Feelch-ingested group was significantly lower than that in water-ingested group at 0, 40, and 80 minute after alcohol intake. The blood alcohol concentration between male and female taken 300ml of $21\%$ alcohol showed the significant differences; the peak value of blood alcohol concentration in male and female were $0.083\pm0.014\%\;and\;0.108\pm0.018\%$, respectively. In alcohol-fed rats, aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) activity was significantly increased, whereas alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) activity was not changed. In both Feelch-fed group and Feelch plus alcohol-fed group, ADH and ALDH activity were significantly increased as compared with each control group. Feelch decreased phospholipase $A_2$ activity and lipid peroxidation in hepatic tissue and activities of serum aminotransferases as compared with control. These results suggest that Feelch may have a hepatoprotective effects and this is likely due to lower blood alcohol concentration via the increment of hepatic ADH and ALDH activity.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.461-475
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• 1995

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of alcohol and stress on liver and buccal mucosa in guinea pig by immunological methods. Especially, Cytochrome P450 (CYP) which in oxidase during alcohol metabolism and bioactivator to carcinogen was used as an indicator in this study. 48 guinea pigs were used in this study. The experimental guinea pig were divided into three groups: The first was a group with giving alcohol-15%(v/v) ethyl alcohol, the second group was a with giving stress in the $0^{\circ}C$ water and the third was a control group. Every 4 guinea pigs of each group were sacrificed weekly-first, second, third, fourth week after experiment and extracted liver tissues and buccal mucosa. The liver tissues were observed by using immunoblotting technique (Western blot) and buccal mucosa were observed by immunofluorescence technique. The results were as follows: 1. By the alcohol and stress, Cytochrome P450 was amplified positive in the liver tissues at third week. 2. By the alcohol and stress, Cytochrome P450 was not detected in the buccal mucosa at any period.

• 환경생물
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.141-147
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• 2004

In order to investigate whether or not the alcohol-treated rat liver cells can be protected by Korean Citrus junos and medicinal herbs, We compared the serum biochemistry of rats administered both alcohol and the complex of Korean Citrus junos and medicinal herbs to control rats treated with alcohol alone. The activities of Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in the citron 3 (Citron 3, less mellowed citron which was ripened for three months)＋Phellinus linteus, Alnus japonica, Dendropanax morbifera and citron 4 (Citron 4, completely mellowed citron which was ripened fer four months)＋Phaseolus radiatus, Cordyceps militaris group were significantly low when compared with the negative control group (p<0.05). The levels of triglyceride (TG) in all experimental groups were significantly lower than the negative control group (p<0.05). The concentrations of total cholesterol in the citron 3＋Phellinus linteus, Atnus japonica, Dendropanax morbifera and citron 4＋Phaseolus radiatus, Cordyceps militaris, Phellinus linteus were lower than the negative control group (p<0.05). The activities of alcohol dehydyogenase (ADH) in all experimental groups were significantly high when compared with the normal control group (p<0.05). These results suggest that the complex of Korean Citrus junos and medecinal herbs could be an excellent candidate for protecting vat liver cell damage induced by alcohol.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.168-174
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• 1998

This study was conducted to determine whether Mildronate, an analogue of carnitine, influences blood alcohol concentration and hang-over syndrome in rabbits and healthy college male students. In the animal study, ten rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. One hundred mg per 1kg body weight of Mildronate was injected twice into five rabbits before injecting 50% ethanol; the rest of rabbits were injected with saline. The human study was performed with two sections. Each section of the study was conducted by a two-phase cross-over design with a four day wash-out period. All volunteers took Mildronate in one phase, and took a placebo in the next phase. The difference between the two sections was related to the time of taking the Mildronate pill and the amount of alcohol consumed. Blood alcohol concentrations were not significantly different between in those taking Mildronate and in those taking the placebo in both the human and the animal study. However, the concentration of serum aspartate aminotransferase(AST, GOT), the indicator of liver cell damage, was lowered in those taking Mildronate, compared to those taking the placebo. Also, headache and heartburn among hang-over syndrome patients were less severe with Mildronate. In conclusion, taking Mildronate prior to drinking alcohol can somewhat reduce liver cell damage and hang-over syndrome without stimulating alcohol metabolism.

• 한국자원식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국자원식물학회 2018년도 춘계학술발표회
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• pp.81-81
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• 2018

The present study was investigated on in vitro anti-obesity effect of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol from Cudrania tricuspidata. We isolated various compounds from Cudrania tricuspidata. Among these compounds, anti-obesity effects of 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol was examined by lipase activity assay, cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-specific phosphodiesterase type IV (PDE4) activity assay, and citrate synthase activity assay. 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and Cudrania tricuspidata extracts inhibited the enzymatic activities of lipase, PDE4, and citrate synthase. Lipase is known to mediate the hydrolysis of triacylglycerol in adipose tissue and cholesterol esters in other tissue or cells. Also, PDE4 hydrolyses cAMP, a crucial secondary messenger for in metabolic pathways including glucose and lipid metabolism, lipolysis, and thermogenic function. 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and Cudrania tricuspidata extracts induced the inhibitory effect against each enzymatic activity on several specific substrates as observed by detection at 405 or 412 nm. These findings might be attributable to the inhibition of adipogenesis, and partial prevention of obesity. In conclusion, these results show that 4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol and Cudrania tricuspidata may be a critical candidate as a natural anti-obesity source.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.46-52
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• 1996

The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of the water extract of the puffer fish Fugu xanthopterus(FXH) on the alcohol induced hyperuricemia. The normal group and the FXH treated group showed no sigbificant changes in the levels of blood uric acid but, the blood uric acid significantly decreased in the FXh treated rats with 100mg/kg for two weeks compared to the ethanol treated group. There were no significant changes in the activities of uricase, adenosine deaminase, guanine deaminase, and purine uncleoside phosphorylase, among all the test group. But the activitis of liver xanthine oxidase were recovered to the normal level in ethanol +FXH treated group comparing to the ethanol treated group. Furthermore, ethanol+FXH treated rats showed the similar pattern in the levels of blood uric acid and urinary allantoin with normal group. These results indicate that the decreased blood uric acid by the FXH treatment of the alcohol induced hyperuricemia rats may result from decreased activity of hepatic xanthine oxidase.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.189-194
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• 2003

Most of the ethyl alcohol consumed by humans is oxidized to acetaldehyde in the liver by the cytoplasmic alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) system. For this ADH-catalyzed oxidation of alcohol, $NAD^+$ is required as the coenzyme and $NAD^+$becomes reduced to NADH. As the $NAD^+$becomes depleted and NADH accumulates, alcohol oxidation is reduced. For continued alcohol oxidation, the accumulated NADH must be quickly reoxidized to $NAD^+$, and it is this reoxidation of NADH to $NAD^+$that is known to be the rate-limiting step in the overall oxidation rate of alcohol The reoxidation of NADH to $NAD^+$is catalyzed by lactate dehydrogenase in the cytoplasm of hepatocytes, with pyruvate being utilized as the substrate. The pyruvate may be supplied from alanine as a result of amino acid metabolism via the urea cycle. Also, glutamine is thought to help with the supply of pyruvate indirectly, and to activate the urea cycle by producing $NH_3$. Thus, in the present study, we have examined the effects of alanine and glutamine on the alcohol oxidation rate. We utilized isolated perfused liver tissue in a system where media containing alanine and glutamine was circulated. Our results showed that when alanine (5.0mM) was added to the glucose-free infusion media, the alcohol oxidation rate was increased by 130%. Furthermore, when both glutamine and alanine were added together to the infusion media, the alcohol oxidation rate increased by as much as 190%, and the rate of urea nitrogen production increased by up to 200%. The addition of glutamine (5.0mM) alone to the infusion media did not accelerate the alcohol oxidation rate. The increases in the rates of alcohol oxidation and urea nitrogen production through the addition of alanine and glutamine indicate that these amino acids have contributed to the enhanced supply of pyruvate through the urea cycle. Based on these results, it is concluded that the dietary supplementation of alanine and glutamine could contribute to increased alcohol detoxification through the urea cycle, by enhancing the supply of pyruvate and $NAD^+$to ensure accelerated rates of alcohol oxidation.