• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.67-79
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• 2013

In wireless networks, efficient mobility management to support of mobile users is very important. Several mobility management schemeshave been proposed with the aim of reducing the signaling traffic of MN(Mobile Node). Among them, PMIPv6 (Proxy Mobile IPv6) is similar with host-based mobility management protocols but MN does not require any process for mobility. By introducing new mobile agent like MAG (Mobile Access Gateway) and LMA (Local Mobility Anchor), it provides IP mobility to MN. In this paper, we propose the analytical model to evaluate the mean signalingdelay and the mean bandwidth according to the type of MN mobility. As a result of mathematical analysis, MF-PMIP (Multicasting-based FastPMIP) outperforms compared to F-PMIP and PMIP in terms of parameters for the performance evaluation.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.104-112
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• 2006

We previously reported that DA-9601, ethanol herbal extract of Artemisia asiatica, inhibited histamine and leukotriene releases in guinea pig lung mast cells activated with specific antigen/antibody reaction. This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effect of DA-9601 on the OVA-induced airway inflammation in allergic asthma mouse model. BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with OVA. DA-9601 was administered orally 1 h before every local OVA-challenge. OVA-specific serum IgE was measured by ELISA, recruitment of inflammatory cells in BAL fluids and lung tissues by Diff-Quik and H&E staining, respectively, the expressions of CD40, CD40L and VCAM-1 by immunohistochemistry, goblet cell hyperplasia by PAS staining, activities of MMPs by gelatin zymography, expressions of mRNA and proteins of cytokines by RT-PCR and ELISA, activities of MAP kinases by western blot, and activity of NF-${\kappa}B$ by EMSA. DA-9601 reduced IgE level, recruitment of inflammatory cells into the BAL fluid and lung tissues, expressions of CD40, CD40L and VCAM-1 molecules, goblet cell hyperplasia, MMPs activity, expressions of mRNA and productions of various cytokines, activities of MAP kinases and NK-${\kappa}B$ increased from OVA-challenged mice. These data suggest that DA-9601 may be developed as a clinical therapeutic agent in allergic diseases due to suppressing the airway allergic inflammation via regulation of various cellular molecules expressed by MAP kinases/NF-${\kappa}B$ pathway.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.104-110
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• 2013

Presence of Helicobacter pylori is associated with an increased risk of developing upper gastrointestinal tract diseases. Antibiotic therapy and a combination of two or three drugs have been widely used to eradicate H. pylori infections. Due to antibiotic resistant drugs, new drug resources are needed such as plants which contain antibacterial compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of GutGard$^{TM}$ to inhibit H. pylori growth both in Mongolian gerbils and C57BL/6 mouse models. Male Mongolian gerbils were infected with the bacteria by intragastric inoculation ($2{\times}10^9$ CFU/gerbil) 3 times over 5 days and then orally treated once daily 6 times/week for 8 weeks with 15, 30 and 60 mg/kg GutGard$^{TM}$. After the final administration, biopsy samples of the gastric mucosa were assayed for bacterial identification via urease, catalase and ELISA assays as well as immunohistochemistry (IHC). In the Mongolian gerbil model, IHC and ELISA assays revealed that GutGard$^{TM}$ inhibited H. pylori colonization in gastric mucosa in a dose dependent manner. The anti-H. pylori effects of GutGard$^{TM}$ in H. pylori-infected C57BL/6 mice were also examined. We found that treatment with 25 mg/kg GutGard$^{TM}$ significantly reduced H. pylori colonization in mice gastric mucosa. Our results suggest that GutGard$^{TM}$ may be useful as an agent to prevent H. pylori infection.

• Human Ecology Research
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.93-106
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to understand what we have learnt thus far on the sustainable consumption of natural resources by household in Korea. We propose a two-wing model designating households as the main agent of sustainable living where both the production of human resources and the consumption of natural resources take place. In the current study, we focused on the sustainability of natural resource consumption. Undertaking an empirical study, we selected 10 major journals that represent each area of human ecological research and then, identified 120 relevant studies regarding sustainability published since 2000. First, we classified 381 keywords into three categories: production, consumption, and social environment, and the identified studies were then classified in one of the seven categories created by combinations of the abovementioned three categories: production (P), consumption (C), social environment (S), production-consumption (PC), production-social environment (PS), consumption-social environment (CS), and production-consumption-social environment (PCS). The results showed that the sustainability of natural resources has been mainly investigated in the fields of clothing & textiles and food & nutrition. Further, consumer science research has been conducted in the area of consumption-social environment and consumption-production. The current study indicates that the field of human ecology has created and accumulated knowledge to support sustainable living. In the future, we need to conduct more integrated research across disciplines and methods and promote research interest in the underdeveloped area of sustainability research in human ecology.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.36 no.2A
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• pp.149-159
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• 2011

Recently, mobile computing environments are becoming rapidly common. This trend emphasizes the necessity of accessing database systems on fixed networks from mobile platforms via wireless networks. However, it is not an appropriate way that applies the database access methods for traditional computing environments to mobile computing environments because of their essential restrictions. This paper suggests a new agent-based mobile database access model and also two functions calculating data significance scores to choose suitable data items for cache replacement and coherence policies. These functions synthetically reflect access term, access frequency and tendency, update frequency and tendency, and data item size distribution. As the result of simulation experiment, our policies outperform LRU, LIX, and SAIU policies in aspects of decrement of access latency, improvement of cache byte hit ratio, and decrease of cache byte pollution ratio.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.11
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• pp.3333-3340
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• 2010

A three dimensional pharmacophore model was generated for the molecules which are responsible for anti-inflammatory activities targeting Interleukin-2 inducible tyrosine kinase (Itk). 16 structurally diverse molecules were selected as training set to generate the hypotheses using Discovery Studio v2.1. The best hypothesis, Hypo1, comprises two hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), one hydrophobic aromatic (HA), one ring aromatic (RA) and shows high cost difference (63.71), high correlation coefficient (0.97) as well as low RMS deviation (0.81). Hypo1 has been further validated toward a test set, decoy set and Fischer's randomization method. Furthermore, Hypo1 was used to screen NCI and Maybridge databases. Finally, 2 hit molecules were identified as potential leads against Itk, which may be useful for future drug development.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.47-55
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• 2010

Cultural Content Industry, a core industry based on knowledge, is becoming an economic model making new benefits by adding human creativity, imagination, sensitivity and style in to information technology. Cultural Contents Industry representing cultures of each countries is facing major changes towards a new competitive industry of each nation. Cultural content of a country is upbringing new contents power developing into a new industry by flattening the barriers within nations. But cooperations face difficulties in launching the industry because of limited information about the current market and lack of understanding in cultural differences. In order to solve this problem, this paper aims to create global network leading to increase of export and creation of new market with cultural contents and train local specialists. In order to search for the ways to maintain Korean contents in other nations and expand exportation. cooperations invite leading cultural contents groups to South Korea, let the groups experience Korea's contents. Cooperations initiated invite training, dispatch training by Korean companies and international students training. The purpose of this paper is to support education system, ETS-CS(Educational Training System for Contents Specialist) and analyse practices applied in the field to develop a better cultural contents industry.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.355-364
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• 1992

This is a study on the effect of the dentinal pretreatment method to the bond strength between dentin and glass ionomer cement. In this study, 196 human molar teeth with sound crown were used. The dentin surfaces of these teeth were exposed with wet trimmer and polished with # 800 Emory paper and teeth were divided into 7 groups according to the pretreatment agent and method. Each group has 4 subroups of the kinds of glass ionomers. The shear bond strength were measured by Instron Universal Testing machine model 1122. The data of the evaluations were then subjected to statistical analysis using one way ANOVA and the result were as follows : 1. In Durelon liquid 20 sec scrubbing & Vitrebond filling subgroup, shear bond strength was highest with measurements of 72.41(kg/$cm^2$) and in no pretreatment & Shofu lining cement filling subgroup, lowest with measurements of 4.77(kg/$cm^2$). 2. In no pretreatment group, statistical significant differences were found between the subgroups of G-C lining cement and Shofu lining cement. 3. In Ketac conditioner 20 sec scrubbing group, Vitrebond were bonded stronger than others, and in Ketac conditioner 10 sec passive contact group, it has the significant difference with other glass ionomers except G-C lining cement. 4. The subgroup og G-C dentin conditioner 20 sec scrubbing & G-C lining cement filling was bonded to dentin stronger than the subgroup of no pretreatment & Shofu lining cement. In G-C dentin conditioner groups, both of 10 sec passive contact and 20 sec scrubbing, Vitrebond has highest bond strength among the subgroups. 5. The subgroup of Durelon liquid 10 sec passive contact & G-C lining cement filling was bonded to dentin stronger than the subgroup of no pretreatment & Shofu lining cement. Also in both Durelon liquid groups, Vitrebond were bonded to dentin with the highest strength among the subgroups.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.85-94
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• 2020

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is caused by various factors, such as cholinergic dysfunction, regulation of neurotrophic factor expression, and accumulation of amyloid-beta. We investigated whether or not a combination of Carthamus tinctorius L. seed and Taraxacum coreanum (CT) has a protective effect on scopolamine-induced memory impairment in a mouse model. Methods and Results: Mice were orally pretreated with CT (50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day) for 14 days, and scopolamine (1 mg/kg/day) was injected intraperitoneally before subjecting them to behavior tests. CT-administered mice showed better novel object recognition and working memory ability than scopolamine-treated control mice. In T-maze and Morris water maze tests, CT (100 and 200 mg/kg/day) significantly increased space perceptive ability and occupancy to the target quadrant, respectively. In addition, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day of CT attenuated cholinergic dysfunction through inhibition of butyryl cholinesterase in brain tissue. Furthermore, CT-administered mice showed higher cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element-binding protein (CREB) levels and lower amyloid precursor protein (APP) levels compared to scopolamine-treated control mice. Conclusions: CT improved scopolamine-induced memory impairment through inhibition of cholinergic dysfunction, up-regulation of CREB, and down-regulation of APP. Therefore, CT could be a useful therapeutic agent for AD with protective effects on cognitive impairment.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.507-514
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• 2015

There is an increasing awareness about the abusive supervision(AS) and organizational silence(OS) in organizations and literature about the relation between organizational commitment(OC). But there is a shortage of studies about the abusive supervision and organizational silence in travel service. The purpose of this study is to research reasons of abuse supervision in organizations, its effects, results and applications which can minimize or remove abusive supervision by discussion. In this sense, Questionnaires were delivered 9 travel agencies in Seoul and 241 of them were taken. Questionnaire data was analyzed, and according to the results, some implications were proposed. Abusive supervision affects on organizational silence and organizational commitment of employee in travel agent. Organizational silence ha positive effects on organizational commitment. Organizational silence plays as a role of mediator variable in proposal research model. It is hoped that the present research will encourage future multi-level theoretical and empirical work on abusive supervision.