• Clinical Nutrition Research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.245-256
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• 2023

A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted to confirm whether collagen peptide supplementation for 12 week has a beneficial effect on body fat control in older adults at a daily physical activity level. Participants were assigned to either the collagen group (15 g/day of collagen peptide) or the placebo group (placebo drink). Body composition was measured by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). In total, 74 participants (collagen group, n = 37; placebo group, n = 37) were included in the final analysis. The collagen group showed a significant reduction in total body fat mass compared with the placebo group, as evidenced by both BIA (p = 0.021) and DEXA (p = 0.041) measurements. Body fat mass and percent body fat of the whole body and trunk reduced at 12 weeks compared with baseline only in the collagen group (whole body: body fat mass, p = 0.002; percent body fat, p = 0.002; trunk: body fat mass, p = 0.001; percent body fat, p = 0.000). Total fat mass change (%) (collagen group, -0.49 ± 3.39; placebo group, 2.23 ± 4.20) showed a significant difference between the two groups (p = 0.041). Physical activity, dietary intake, and biochemical parameters showed no significant difference between the groups. The results confirmed that collagen peptide supplementation had a beneficial effect on body fat reduction in older adults aged ≥ 50 years with daily physical activity level. Thus, collagen peptide supplementation has a positive effect on age-related changes.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.57 no.4
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• pp.339-346
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• 2024

Objectives: Chronic anaemia is a significant health concern, particularly among women of childbearing age. Factors such as menstrual blood loss, childbirth, inadequate nutrition, closely spaced pregnancies, and recurrent gastrointestinal bleeding increase the risk of anaemia. This study investigated whether current contraceptive methods are associated with anaemia in Indian women of reproductive age. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey, conducted in 2019-2021, were used for this investigation. We included only non-pregnant and non-amenorrhoeic women in our analysis, resulting in a final analytical sample of 673 094 women aged 15-49. Bivariate cross-tabulations and multivariable logistic regression were employed to analyse the data. Results: The prevalence of anaemia was 57%, and the adjusted regression models found no significant association between the use of any contraceptive methods and women's haemoglobin status. Women using traditional contraceptive methods had 1.08 (95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 1.11) times higher odds of having anaemia. Among the modern methods, other than injectables, all other methods-such as an intrauterine device, barrier use, and sterilisation-were associated with higher odds of anaemia compared to women who used contraceptive pills. Conclusions: This study explored the relationship between modern contraceptives and haemoglobin levels in India, revealing that injectables were associated with a notable reduction in the odds of anaemia, whereas traditional contraceptives and other modern methods exhibited positive associations with anaemia. These findings prompt policymakers to focus on anaemia reduction and safe contraceptives. More research is needed to inform decisions, given the scant literature.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.25 no.9
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• pp.1338-1350
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• 2012

This review focuses on the nutritional effects from birth until age at first calving on growth, mammary developmental changes, and first-lactation milk yield in heifer calves. The advancement in the genetic potential and the nutritional requirements of the animals has hastened the growth rate. Genetic selection for high milk yield has suggested higher growth capacity and hence increasing nutritional inputs are required. Rapid rearing by feeding high energy or high concentrate diets not only reduces the age of sexual maturity but also lowers the time period of attaining the age of first calving. However, high energy diets may cause undesirable fat deposition thereby affecting future milk yield potential. Discrepancies exist whether overfed or overweight heifers at puberty can influence the mammary development and future milk yield potential and performance. The data on post-pubertal nutritional management suggested that body weight at calving and post-pubertal growth rate is important in first lactation milk yield. There is a continuous research need for strategic feeding that accelerates growth of dairy heifers without reduction in subsequent production. Nutritional management from birth, across puberty and during pregnancy is critical for mammary growth and for producing a successful cow. This review will mostly highlight studies carried out on dairy breeds and possible available opportunities to manipulate nutritional status from birth until age at first calving.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.123-140
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• 2016

Objectives : This study aimed to evaluate the factors influencing health promotion behaviors in elderly men. Methods : We used data from the 6th Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We analyzed difference between sociodemographic characters, health statuses, and health promotion behaviors by age. Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relation between health promotion behaviors and sociodemographic factors by age. Results : Health promotion behaviors related to aging were weight control effort, health screen examination, smoking cessation, and influenza vaccination. Socioeconomic statuses of elderly men declined from the preliminary age, and health status was influenced by the reduction of social role. Health promotion behaviors such as weight control, health screen examination, and performance of aerobic activities were decreased in men of advanced aged. Conclusions : The health promotion behaviors of elderly men differed significantly with age.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
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• v.27 no.10
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• pp.1060-1064
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• 2004

Although many studies have been performed to elucidate the molecular consequences of ultraviolet irradiation, little is known about the effect of natural products. Ultraviolet irradiation is widely considered to be an environmental stress. Here we investigated the effect of 3,23-dihydroxy- 20(29)-lupen-27-oic acid on the regulation of MMP-1 and type 1 procollagen in Ultraviolet irradiation of cultured old age human dermal fibroblasts. 3, 23-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-27- oic acid was isolated from Tiarella polyphylla D. Don (Saxifragaceae). Among them, 3, 23- dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-27-oic acid induced the regulation of Type 1- procollagen and reduced the regulation of MMP-1 at the protein levels in a dose-dependent manner by ultraviolet irradiation. Taken together, our results suggest that 3, 23-dihydroxy-20(29)-lupen-27-oic acid plays an important role in the induction of Type 1-procollagen and reduction of MMP-1 by ultraviolet irradiation in old age human dermal fibroblasts.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.271-289
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• 2013

In this research, a developed microstructural model of cement particles was presented to describe the cement hydration procedure. To simplify the hydration process, the whole hydration was analyzed in a series of sub-steps. In each step, the hydration degree, as well as the microstructural size of the hydration cell, was calculated as a function of the radius of the unreacted cement particles. With the consideration of the water consumption and the reduction of the interfacial area between water and hydration products, the micro-level expressions of the cement hydration kinetics were established. Then the heat released and temperature history of the concrete was carried out with the hydration degree obtained from each sub-steps. The equivalent age method based on the Arrhenius law was introduced in this research. Based on the equivalent age method, a maturity model was applied to describe the evolution of the mechanical properties of the material during the hydration process. The finite element program ANSYS was used to analyze the temperature field in concrete structures. Then thermal stress field was calculated using the elasticity modulus obtained from code formulate. And the risk of thermal cracking was estimated by the comparison of thermal stress and concrete tensile strength.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.123-126
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• 2023

The prevalence of candidiasis, a contagious disease with high morbidity and mortality, has sharply increased globally over the last two decades. Candida albicans can cause serious infections in patients with weak immunity and in recipients of prolonged antibiotic treatment. Consequently, rapid and accurate identification of species can play an important role in the treatment of candidiasis. Here, we investigated the positive rate and infection trend of C. albicans according to age, specimen type, and sex using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction-based testing of samples collected for the diagnosis of sexually transmitted diseases in Korea between 2018 and 2020. When the type of specimen collected was a swab, the positive rate of C. albicans was higher among younger women, and tended to decrease with age. Analysis of swab samples revealed higher positive rates than urinalysis. The reduction trend in positive rates by age was comparable between the overall samples and urine specimens. Among male patients, the positive rate did not differ substantially across the various types of specimens collected. Previous studies have shown a higher prevalence of non-albicans Candida species than C. albicans in clinical specimens, and exclusion of the former from our analysis may be a limitation of this study. However, our findings contribute significantly to the literature because globally, there is a paucity of epidemiological studies using molecular techniques to detect C. albicans in sexually transmitted disease test samples.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.235-250
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• 1990

Thirty-nine patients (forty-four joints) who had been diagnosed as having meniscus perforation of the temporomandibular joint by inferior joint space arthrography and had been treated by surgical procedures were evaluated retrospectively. Information of clinical findings, arthrotomographic findings and surgical findings was collected on a standardized form and evaluated. The results were as follows: 1. On the 34 patients of 38 joints which were surgically confirmed perforation of meniscus or its attachments of the temporomandibular joint, there were 29 females and 5 males (5.8:1). The average age was 36 years (range 17 to 70). 2. The common clinical findings of group that had meniscus displacement without reduction and with perforation were pain on the affected joint and limitation of mouth opening. In the group showing meniscus displacement with reduction and with perforation the common clinical findings were pain and clicking on the affected joint. 3. 32 joints (84.2%) were arthrotomographically anterior meniscus displacement without reduction and with perforation, 6 joints (15.8%) showed anterior meniscus displacement with reduction and with perforation. 4. Joints categorized arthrotomographically as having meniscus displacement without reduction and with perforation were less likely to have full translation of the condyle in comparison with the normal or meniscus displacement with reduction and with perforation groups. (p<0.05) 5.The arthrographic findings of 44 joints having meniscus perforation were compared with surgical findings, there were 6 false positive findings of meniscus perforation, the reliability of arthrographic findings of meniscus perforation was a 86.4% correlation with surgical findings. 6. On the site of perforations of 38 joints which were surgically confirmed perforation of meniscus or its attachments, twenty-three of perforations (60.5%) were in location at the junction of the meniscus and posterior attachment, forteen (36.9%) were located at the posterior attachment and one (2.6%) was at the meniscus itself.

• Korean Journal of Oriental Medicine
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.173-181
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• 2011

Objective : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of Yuebijiashu-tang with Low-Glycemic Diet on the obesity and to improve the oriental medical methods of treatment in obesity patients. Methods : Forty one patients were classified into four groups(Normal, Overweight, 1st Obesity, 2nd Obesity) by Body Mass Index(BMI). Weight, Body Fat Mass, Body Fat Rate, Waist Hip Rate, BMI and Obesity Index were compared in each group by t-test. Results : In distribution of sex, male was 7(17.1%), female was 34(82.9%). Mean age was 37${\pm}$11 and the patients in twenties were the most. Among four groups, the number of 1st obesity groups was the most. In the change of body composition, the reduction of weight was 6.82${\pm}$2.67kg, the reduction of body fat mass was 5.53${\pm}$2.30kg, the reduction of BMI was $2.51{\pm}0.85kg/m^2$, the reduction of body fat rate was 4.61${\pm}$2.17%, the reduction of waist hip rate was 0.019${\pm}$0.013. Conclusion : This study shows that Yu$\'{e}$biji$\~{a}$sh$\`{u}$-t$\~{a}$ng with low-glycemic diet is effective on weight reduction.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.22 no.7
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• pp.937-942
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to analyze the effects on growth and muscle development during the growing period of the sex-linked dwarf gene in the background of a Taiwan Country chicken strain, L2, selected for egg production. Eight crossbred males, heterozygous for the DW*DW mutation, were each backcrossed to six females of the L2 strain to produce two genotypes of BC females, either normal (DW*N+/-) or dwarf (DW*DW/-). The experiment included 251 normal and 207 dwarf pullets. The effect of the dwarf gene on body weight and shank length was highly significant from 2 weeks of age. The reduction of body weight by the dwarf gene reached 34.8% and 37.4% as compared to normal sibs at 16 and 20 weeks of age, respectively. Parameters of the growth curve were estimated: the age at inflection (TI) was higher in normal pullets (66.9 days) than in dwarf pullets (61.2 days). A significant effect of the dwarf gene on single muscle fiber cross-section area was found from 12 weeks of age onwards, whereas the dwarf gene had no effect on the total number of muscle fibers. Comparing the effect of the dwarf gene on shank length at different ages revealed an earlier effect on skeleton growth, observed from 2 weeks of age, than on muscle development, which was affected from 8 to 12 weeks of age.