• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.227-241
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• 2023

This study aimed to examine the influence of emotional information on task switching performance from a cross-cultural perspective. Specifically we investigated whether the impact of affective information differs between Koreans and Caucasian when they perform a switching task using pictures that express positive and negative emotions. In this study, Korean and Caucasian college students were presented with either positive or negative faces and asked to perform either an emotion or a gender judgment task based on the color of the picture frame. The results showed that the switching cost from the gender judgment task to the emotion task was significantly larger than the switching cost from the gender task to the emotion task for both Koreans and Caucasians. This asymmetric switching cost was maintained when the previous and current pictures showed the same emotion but disappeared when two images presented different emotions. Regardless of the participant's cultural background, switching costs were greater for emotional tasks where the emotion was directly related to the task than for gender tasks. However, the effect of emotional switching on switching costs varied by the individual's background. Koreans were less sensitive to whether poser's emotion was changed than Americans. These results demonstrate that emotional information affects cognitive task performance and suggest that the effects of emotion may differ depending on the individual's cultural background.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.77-101
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• 2023

Due to COVID-19, paid virtual live-stream concerts have emerged as an alternative format and a new revenue model for in-person live concerts. Despite the increasing scholarly and practical interest in how participants experience paid virtual live-stream concerts, few studies examined participants' consumption and participation experiences. Thus, this study aims to provide insights into consumers' virtual live-stream concert experience by employing social representations theory (SRT). We explore the features of paid virtual live-stream concerts based on the C-P-N-D (Content-Platform-Network-Device) framework and the consumers' cognitive and affective perception. To this end, an SRT-based core-periphery analysis was conducted based on 239 responses to the open-ended survey questions. The results show that network-and device-level features of virtual live concerts and participants' overall perception are presented as core elements of paid virtual live-stream concerts, whereas content- and platform-level features are peripheral elements. This finding provides an in-depth understanding of the emergence of paid virtual live-stream concerts as an alternative concert format, thereby providing an invaluable understanding of a virtual live concert experience and theoretical and practical insights.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.41 no.1
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• pp.33-46
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• 2021

Inquiry occupies an important place in science education, and research related to inquiry is widely conducted. However, due to the inclusiveness of the concept of "exploration," each researcher perceives its meaning differently, and approaches may vary. In addition, criticisms have been raised that the results of classes using inquiry in science education do not guarantee meaningful changes to students. Therefore, this study attempts to identify the trend of SSCI-level research papers dealing with inquiry in science education over the past three years to confirm the current status and effectiveness of the inquiry. Researches used in the analysis are International Journal of Science Education, Journal of Research in Science Teaching, Research in Science Education, and Science Education, and limited to those that directly suggest "inquiry (enquiry)" as a keyword. Based on extracted 75 papers, the classification process was conducted, and an analysis frame was derived inductively by reflecting the subject and characteristics. Specific cases for each category were presented by dividing into three aspects: perception and perspective on inquiry, support and strategy for inquiry, and teacher professional development for inquiry. The results of examining the implications for scientific inquiry are as follows: First, rather than defining inquiry as an implicit proposition or presenting it as a step-by-step procedure, it was induced to grasp the meaning of inquiry more comprehensively and holistically. Second, as to whether the inquiry-based instruction is effective in all aspects of the cognitive, functional, and affective domains of science, the limitations are clearly presented, and the context-dependent and subject-specific properties and limitations of inquiry are emphasized. Third, uncertainty in science inquiry-based instruction can help learners to begin their inquiry and develop interest, but in the process of recognizing data and restructuring knowledge, explicit and specific guidance and scaffolding should be provided at an appropriate timing.

• Analyses & Alternatives
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.79-115
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• 2022

This study aims to account for electoral choice in the 2020 presidential election by focusing on social identity which forms the basis for core partisan groups. Two views compete to explain the origins of polarization, policy versus party. One emphasizes policy as more influential in choosing presidential candidates. This follows the tradition of retrospective voting theory in which voters' choice rely on government performance. Incumbent president whose performance proves well are rewarded to be reelected. Policy performance is based on measures around distinctive preferences for government spending. Republican Individuals prefer individual responsibility to government support, while Democratic counterparts support government support. Another perspective put an emphasis on the role partisanship which favors in-party members and disfavors partisan out-groups. Interparty animosity plays the key role in determining electoral behavior. This study relies on the Views of the Electorate Research (VOTER) Survey which provides a panel data of several waves from 2011 to 2020. A comparative evaluation of two views highlights three findings. First, policy matters. Policy preferences of voters are the primary drives of political behavior. Electoral outcomes in 2020 turned out to be the results of policy considerations of voters. 53.7 percent of voters tilted toward individual responsibility voted for Trump, whereas 70.4 percent of those favorable views of government support than individual responsibility voted for Biden. Thus effects of policy correspond to a positive difference of 26.4 percent points. Second, partisanship effects are of similar extent in influencing electoral choice of candidates: Democrats are less likely to vote for Trump by 42.4 percent points, while Republicans are less likely to vote for Biden by 48.7 percent points. Third, animosity of Republicans toward Democrat core groups creates 26.5 percent points of favoring Trump over Biden. Democrat animosity toward Republican core groups creates a positive difference of 13.7 percent points of favoring Biden.