• 복식문화연구
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.66-76
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• 1998

In order to investigate the effect of shoulder pad affecting the arm movement, eleven women volunteers of standard body whose age is from eighteen to twenty-four(x±1σ) were chosen and this experiment had done according to front-vertical motion, side-vertical motion and horizontal motion of upper limps for tow different materials of shoulder pad(sponge, non-woven) and four different thickness of shoulder pad(0.6cm, 0.8cm, 1.2cm). On the base of this, this study, when putting on shoulder pad, try to find the reform method of shoulder part pattern. The results are as follows. 1. When puting on shoulder pad to blouse pattern to rise shoulder pad for rate of two-third per thickness is seemingly the best for sensory evaluation. So, when putting on shoulder pad, we understand that in order to improve sensory evaluation. So, when putting on shoulder pad, we understand that in order to improve sensory evaluation of clothes, when that, rising shoulder pad for ate of two-third per thickness is the best. 2. From the results of measure of functional volume and physiological value for functionality evaluation according to thickness and material, motion of shoulder pad, 1.2 cm thickness and non-woven material is evaluated the worst for functionality. 3. From the results of sensory evaluation and functionality evaluation of material of shoulder pad, sponge material is superior for functionality but not for sensory evaluation, non-woven material is superior for sensory evaluation non-woven material is superior for sensory evaluation but not for functionality. So, think that it had better use sponge material for functional clothes, non-woven material for aesthetical clothes. 4. From the results of functionality of clothes, when putting on shoulder pad, the worst discomfortable parts are the armpit part and the shawl part, functionality of these part shoulder be reformed.

• 농촌계획
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2008

The layer technique is to produce many memorable scenes by generating layers of new experiences on the existing ones as it is adding the cognitive layers on to the visually seen landscape. Its need is high for places whose landscape itself influences perception, value or expression and which determines the spatial and quality standards. The existing floor plan-based design methods have failed to be useful in generating complex visual experiences. In order to maximize the aesthetical landscape experiences in landscape planning, cognitive layers are needed which complement the input of adequate cognitive elements and the inter-element relationships. Here, layers are utilized to change the arrangement of the landscape elements and coordinate the cognitive flow so that the images could be connected and imagination could occur. A case in point is Anhyun Village in Gochang where physically distinctive layers are additionally set to make a visual experience enriching. The new landscape layers discover the fact that it provides diversity in experiencing the village landscape and forming the sense of beauty and that it is deeply immersed into the daily life of the village. Meanwhile, Guwau Village in Taebaek is an example showing the usefulness of various-layer setting in landscape planning in setting effective circulation planning. That is, the bottom line is the spacing-starting where and making it stay where for a few seconds, and the visual layers. It is also critical to encourage inducing circulation so that layers of the senses stimulating five senses could intervene. Lastly, Mulgeon-ri in Namhae is a case which directly made a parallel of the physical layers of the landscape composition and the cognitive layers of the landscape experience. Artificial landscape planning is mostly about manipulating of visual traits that people feel beautiful, but the layer technique is linked to how to make experiences enriching and renewed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권9호
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• pp.93-105
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• 2012

다르덴 형제의 영화는 사회의 변방으로 밀려난 소수자들의 문제를 다룬다. 특히 오늘날 노동 시장에서 가치를 박탈당한 인간의 삶에 큰 관심을 가진다. 이 글은 칸 영화제 수상작인 다르덴 형제 영화의 근작 <로제타>, <아들>, <더 차일드>, <로나의 침묵>, <자전거 탄 소년>을 대상으로 그러한 다르덴 형제의 사회인식을 살펴본다. 그리고 그들의 사회인식을 적확하게 담아내는 고유한 형식미학적 스타일을 분석해 보고자 한다. 먼저 다르덴 형제 영화의 내용을 보면, 절망적인 생계의 문제에 봉착한 개인이 등장한다. 그들의 고통은 정도 차를 두고 실업 상황과 긴밀하게 연관되어 있으며, 그로 인해 불가항력적인 '불안'과 '소외'의 이미지를 내보인다. 유념할 것은, 다르덴 형제의 영상은 내용을 담는 단순한 플랫폼이 아니라, 본질적인 주제의식을 드러내는 고안된 양식이라는 점이다. 단편적인 예를 들면, 인물을 담아내는 카메라의 위치와 시선, 움직임 모두가 세계 내에서 인물이 처한 상황을 성찰하게 한다. 플롯에 대한 고려도 거의 없고, 극적 장치도 없으며, 평면적이고 직선적이기까지 한 다르덴 형제의 영화가 끊임없이 긴장을 안기는 이유도 그와 같은 독자적인 형식미학의 힘이라고 할 수 있을 것이다.

• 패션비즈니스
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.32-45
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is, to renew understanding the aesthetic value of a ruff collar and to expand the border of creation in designing as the source of inspiration being applied to an retro style by inquiring various ruff collars re-illuminated in the present-day fashion trend. The ruff collar investigated through the above historical contemplation became the source of inspirations in the current retro trend and was variously modified in modern fashion. In the 1980s, we can find a dignified and feminine image in graceful and exquisite suits or dresses. Especially, the spanish round ruff of the 2st period appeared on works by a lot of designers. From the application by designers like John Galliano in the latter half of the 80s, we can be well aware that the meaning of decoration was newly altered. In the 1990s, the ruff collar was shown in various fashion style, but it was what was reborn as a factor of modern fashion through a liberal compromise and harmony. Various style was shown from exaggeratedly swelling one to smaller one, which were more diversely applied than that of the 80s. A Medici collar and a Queen Elizabeth collar were also displayed being fitted to a modern sense by Vivienne Westwood and Louis F raud. A ruff in the 2000s was settled as a factor of modern fashion, exposing on works of designers more often than in the 1980s and 90s. The spanish round ruff appeared on garments, while a Medici collar and a Queen Elizabeth collar went out of sight. A new form of the ruff was regenerated by extreme magnification and simplification, and several designers like Issey Miyake and Alexander Mcqueen brought forward a new way in materials and technical skills. According to this research, a ruff collar developed as a fashion factor which characterizes a certain period of time, reflecting the aesthetical sense of Renaissance and turning into various and distinct forms. Afterwards, it exerted influence on modern fashion. This is offering the source of inspiration to contemporary designers.

• 문화기술의 융합
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2019

본고는 비디오아트의 초기 역사에서 비디오가 내재하고 있는 사회 변형적 가치를 문화적 실천으로 구체화하고 학제 융합적인 학습과 연구의 방법론을 제시함으로써, 사회의 관계적 회로의 심미화를 고안한 폴 라이언(1943-2013)의 예술 세계의 역사성과 미학적 함의를 검토한다. 이를 위하여 제2장에서는 1969년에 폴 라이언이 처음으로 참여했던 미술갤러리 전시 "창조적 미디어로서의 텔레비전"에 출품한 작품을 분석한다. 이 비디오설치 작품에서 라이언은 비디오를 하나의 커뮤니케이션 시스템으로서 제안하며 사이버네틱스의 '피드백' 개념을 실험한다. 이어서 제3장에서는 예술가 콜렉티브 '레인댄스 코퍼레이션'과 잡지 "래디컬 소프트웨어"에 참여한 라이언의 커뮤니케이션 테크놀로지에 대한 담론적 활동에 주목하였다. 이 시기 라이언은 비디오를 사이버네틱스의 확장을 위한 도구로 간주하였다. 마지막으로 제4장에서는 '환경적 현실에 대한 공유된 지각'에 기초한 생태적 접근법의 개발을 주로 다루었으며, 비디오 미디어가 사회의 변화와 커뮤니케이션을 위한 가장 효과적인 수단이 될 수 있다는 라이언의 인식을 확인하였다.

• 시큐리티연구
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• 제25호
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• pp.131-146
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• 2010

본 연구의 목적은 그간 사회의 요구로 인하여 발전을 거듭하고 있는 경호 경비학의 전공과목으로서 무도의 역사와 함께하는 경호무도의 학문적 체계 정립이 부족함을 인식하고 경호무도의 철학적 가치 연구를 위하여 그 한 방법으로 경호무도 구성원리 내에서 발견될 수 있는 미학적 가치를 탐색해보고자 하였다. 본 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 경호무도관련 학위논문 및 무도와 미학 관련 문헌을 광범위하게 조사였으며 이를 바탕으로 미학의 개념과 무도에서의 미학을 살피고 이를 토대로 경호무도 수련자의 반복 수련을 통한 기술습득과 경호원의 실제현장에서의 기술구사능력이 미학적 구성요소에 대한 체험을 가능하게 하고 심미적 감흥을 획득할 수 있음을 확인하였다. 궁극적으로 경호무도는 상대성 반복성 정신수양 신체일치성 힘의 방향 충격의 강화 및 완화 힘의 극대화 중심자세와 타격점 호흡조절 및 정신집중 등 그 구성원리를 따라 완성되어가는 기술연마 과정 속의 심미적 요소들로 인하여 미학적 가치를 구현할 수 있다고 여겨진다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제38권
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• pp.49.1-49.9
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• 2016

Background: The aim of this report is to present a new reference for aesthetic mandible surgery using three-dimensional cone-beam computed tomography-based treatment planning for orthognathic surgery which can be implemented in surgical planning and perioperative procedure. Methods: To make an objective standard for evaluating aesthetic mandibular outline, we make an aesthetic scoring criteria with consideration of asymmetry, broad mandibular border line, and prominent mandibular angle. Two maxillofacial surgeons and two orthodontists rated their aesthetical evaluation from 1 to 5. Experimental group consisting of 47 female and 38 male patients who had rotational orthognathic two-jaw surgery from 2010 to 2011 were chosen according to aesthetic scoring done by two maxillofacial surgeons and two orthodontists. A high aesthetic score (${\geq}16$) means the facial contour is symmetric, with no broad and narrow aesthetic mandible frontal profiles. Control A group consisted of ten female and ten male patients who had no orthognathic surgery experience and low aesthetic score (${\geq}10$). Control B group consisted of ten female and ten male patients who had no orthognathic surgery experience and had anaesthetic mandibular frontal profile and a high aesthetic score (${\geq}16$). The three-dimensional image of the patient was taken from dental cone-beam CT (DCT) scanning (experimental group and control A group: 6 months DCT after surgery, control B group: 1st visit DCT). Each DCT was reformatted to reorient the 3D image using 3D analyzing program (OnDemand3D, cybermed Inc, CA, USA). After selection of 12 landmarks and the construction of reoriented horizontal, vertical, and coronal reference lines, 15 measurements were taken in 3D analysis of frontal mandibular morphology. Afterwards, horizontal and vertical linear measurements and angular measurements, linear ratio were obtained. Results: Mean $Go^{\prime}_{Rt}-Me^{\prime}-Go^{\prime}_{Lt}$ angular measurement was $100.74{\pm}2.14$ in female patients and $105.37{\pm}3.62$ in male patients. These showed significant difference with control A group in both genders. Ratio of $Go^{\prime}_{Rt}-Go^{\prime}_{Lt}-Me^{\prime}$ length to some linear measurements (ratio of $Me^{\prime}-Cd^{\prime}_{Rt}Cd^{\prime}_{Lt}$ to $Me^{\prime}-Go^{\prime}_{Rt}Go^{\prime}_{Lt}$, ratio of $Me^{\prime}-Go^{\prime}$ to $Me^{\prime}-Go^{\prime}_{Rt}Go^{\prime}_{Lt}$, ratio of $Go^{\prime}_{Rt}-Go^{\prime}_{Lt}$ to $Me^{\prime}-Go^{\prime}_{Rt}Go^{\prime}_{Lt}$) showed significant difference with control A group in both genders. Conclusion: This study was intended to find some standard measurement of mandible frontal view in 3D analysis of aesthetic patient. So, these potential measurement value may be helpful for orthognathic treatment planning to have more aesthetic and perspective outcomes.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.77-88
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of soil depth and planting density on the growth of lettuce, crown daisy, and strawberry on a rooftop condition using artificial soil as a growth media. The vegetable crops showed better growth for plant height (cm), plant width (cm), plant fresh weight (g), and Fo, Fm and Fv/m on 20cm depth soil than 10cm depth soil except strawberry. Planting density of $16/m^2$ and $64/m^2$ did not show significant differences on the growth of the crops. Soil moisture content and EC were low for 10cm depth soil in lettuce plots, whereas there was no significant differences on soil moisture and EC between two soil depth in strawberry plots. Hunter's L, a, and b values showed the leaf color of lettuce dark green on 20cm depth soil and reddish on 10cm depth soil. Results showed that soil depth suitable for crop growth on rooftop conditions was 20cm rather than 10cm. Growth response of the crops showed no significant difference between $16/m^2$ and $64/m^2$, indicating that planting density of 64 $plants/m^2$ could be practiced on rooftop conditions. Lettuce growth rapidly changed in control treatment in which leaves were not pinched out, while slowly changed in plants which leaves were periodically pinched out. In the case of control plot, it was impossible to harvest because withering of lower leaves after blossom on June 22. The plant of crown daisy in which pinching was not conducted, blossomed on June 7, and the plants were removed since its aesthetical value was lost. Strawberry seemed to be a suitable vegetable crop for rooftop conditions based on its high covering rate and extended growth period until late October. The soil depth 20cm and planting density 64 $plants/m^2$ were suitable for vegetable crops on green roof system using artificial soil.

• 복식
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• 제55권4호
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• pp.62-78
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• 2005

The modern period was the time that the most radical and extensive social and mental changes were occurring throughout the history, and modernism was prevailing as a general cognition system of people. Modernism, which carries principles of progress, belief in application of scientific technology, worship of reason, ideal of liberty as a col-e value of civilization, was plated as a leading ideology in the realm of society, culture and art In the early 20th century. In this study, the formative characteristics of modernism seen in architecture and fashion are analogized and analyzed in four ways ell the basis of the theory of p. Greenhalgh. First, 'Standardization for mass-production', which is analogized which P. Greenhalgh's 'Decompart-mentalisation', 'Social Morality', and' Technology'. Standardization for mass-production in architecture focuses on the development of a design prototype in order to mass produce; the development of ready-made clothes is actively done ill the fashion area for the same purpose as well. Second, 'Rational functionality' coming from P. Greenhalgh's 'The total work of art' and 'Function'. While rational functionality in architecture puts an emphasis on the rational operation of all the functions in regard to the relation between each part and the whole, rational functionality in fashion call be mainly seen in a dramatic increase in physical activity which could be hardly found before the modernism period. Namely, all the fashion design elements are developed for a certain rational and functional design on each part as well as on the whole in order to greatly increase physical activity. Third, 'the pursuit for genuineness of objects and universality of beauty' is on the analogy of P Greenhalgh's 'Truth', 'Anti-historicism', 'Abstraction', 'Internationalism/Universality'. This idea is adopted in architecture in the form of design of geometrical abstraction. In the same way, design using geometrical abstraction comes to have a significant meaning in fashion of the modernism period. So to speak, modernism architecture and fashion can be reborn to become an inter·national style by giving up the decorative and regional design prevailing before modernism and by expressing universal aesthetics in the form of simplicity and abstraction instead. Fourth, 'Expression of progress through a change in a viewpoint' stems from P. Greenhalgh's 'Progress', 'Transformation of Consciousness', 'Theology'. In architecture, this concept appears by using new construction materials and methods and by representing new aesthetical idea. As a result, it makes it possible for people to make progress for better lives. Like in architecture, new attempts for material application and processing are made in fashion. This gives rise to a general change in a viewpoint related to fashion, so that a flew fashion design which there has never been before can come out.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.175-187
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• 2012

본 연구자는 먼저 한국학에 있어서 미의 개념 및 미의식을 살펴보면서 한국춤의 미적체험 속에서 맛과 멋으로 표현되는 미적 의미와 가치를 조망하고, 어떻게 구현되는지를 탐색해 보고자 한다. 먼저 한국춤의 움직임의 원리를 분석하고, 일반화된 미의식이외에 곡선의 원리에 의한 '무한대의 생명론적 미의식'이 맛과 멋의 미의식으로 승화되었다고 보았다. 한국춤의 생명성은 바로 원을 지향하는 곡선에서 가장 극명하게 드러나며, 맛과 멋의 미의식을 가장 크게 느끼게 해주는 움직임의 원리이다. 그러나 한국춤의 움직임이 현대로 오면서 서구의 영향에 의해 점차 직선적인 움직임 기법을 자주 사용하면서 곡선적인 움직임이 사라져가고 맛과 멋에 대한 미적 감성조차 느끼기 힘들어졌다. 따라서 한국춤의 독자적이고 고유한 맛과 멋의 미의식을 지켜나가기 위해서는 한국춤의 전통적인 움직임의 원리인 곡선춤을 지켜나가야 할 것이며 심(心)과 신(身)이 공유할 수 있도록 무용가들의 지속적인 노력과 방안이 필요하다. 나아가 한국춤의 맛과 멋의 미의식에 대한 연구도 지속적으로 이루어져야 할 것이다.