• 항공우주시스템공학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.25-32
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• 2022

캡 루프 페어링은 상용차가 주행 시 전면부에서 발생하는 유동 박리의 저항을 제어하여 상용차 항력 계수를 줄이는 장치이다. 상용차는 구조적으로 후방의 컨테이너를 적재해야 되기 때문에 차량의 주행방향으로부터 공기역학적 저항력을 피할 수 없게 설계되어 있다. 이러한 이유 때문에 유류비, 환경오염물질과 밀접한 연관을 가진다. 본 연구에서는 랭킨 반체 이론을 바탕으로 3D 페어링 형상을 설계하고 공력 해석을 통해 설계 결과를 검증하였다.

• 대한후두음성언어의학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.23-27
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• 2002

The purpose of the study is to examine differences in subglottic air pressure as a function of phonetic context. The phonetic contexts consisted of $/i:{p^h}i:{p^h}i:/,/{p^h}i:{p^h}i:/, and /{p^h}{p^h}/$. The aerodynamic and phonatory parameters are investigated in 20 female normal adults. All measurements are taken and analysed using Aerophone II voice function analyzer. The aerodynamic parameters are Peak Air Pressure(PAP) and Mean Air Pressure(MAP), and the phonatory parameters are Phonatory Flow Rate(PFR) Maximum SPL(MSPL), Phonatory SPL(PSPL), Phonatory Power (PP), Phonatory Efficiency(PE), and Phonatory $Resistance^*$ 10-5(PR). A one-way ANOVA revealed the following results. First, the aerodynamic parameters are not significantly different. Second, Peak Air Pressure(PAP) and Mean Air Pressure(MAP), as well as the phonatory parameters such as Phonatory Flow Rate(PFR) Maximum SPL(MSPL), Phonatory SPL(PSPL), and Phonatory Efficiency(PE) were significantly different. Therefore, it is advised that clinicians use only aerodynamic parameters but phonatory parameters when using Aerophone II.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.165-170
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• 2014

차세대 한국형 고속열차(HEMU-430X)의 주행저항을 타행속도 380km/h에 이르는 고속 타행을 포함한 총 12회의 타행시험 결과를 이용하여 평가하였다. 선형회귀법과 시간적분법의 두 가지 방법을 이용하여 각각 시간-속도 곡선 및 시간-거리 곡선으로부터 가속도를 계산하였으며, 각각의 구간에서 계산된 가속도를 바탕으로 시험 속도 대역에서 근사화된 주행저항식이 도출되었다. 이를 통해 공기역학적 형상 개선에 의해 주행저항이 15% 정도 감소하였고, 터널 주행 시에는 개활지 주행 시에 비하여 약 28%의 주행저항이 증가하는 것으로 평가되었다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.379-390
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• 2019

In this research, we propose an energy harvesting structure with a flexible blade element vibrating at its first mode to maximize the power output of the piezoelectric material. For this purpose, a piezoelectric patch was attached on the blade element used in a small-scale wind turbine, and air load was applied with a suitable angle of attack in the stall zone. The aerodynamic load created by air excitation vibrates the blade element in its first natural frequency and maximizes the voltage output of the piezoelectric patch. The variation of power outputs with respect to electrical resistance, air speed, and extra mass is experimentally investigated for various cases. An analytical model is constituted using a single-mode blade element with piezoelectric patch dynamics, and the power outputs of the obtained model are compared with experimental results.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제28권2호
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• pp.71-87
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• 2019

The yaw and interference effects of blades affect aerodynamic performance of large wind turbine system significantly, thus influencing wind-induced response and stability performance of the tower-blade system. In this study, the 5MW wind turbine which was developed by Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics (NUAA) was chosen as the research object. Large eddy simulation on flow field and aerodynamics of its wind turbine system with different yaw angles($0^{\circ}$, $5^{\circ}$, $10^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$, $30^{\circ}$ and $45^{\circ}$) under the most unfavorable blade position was carried out. Results were compared with codes and measurement results at home and abroad, which verified validity of large eddy simulation. On this basis, effects of yaw angle on average wind pressure, fluctuating wind pressure, lift coefficient, resistance coefficient,streaming and wake characteristics on different interference zone of tower of wind turbine were analyzed. Next, the blade-cabin-tower-foundation integrated coupling model of the large wind turbine was constructed based on finite element method. Dynamic characteristics, wind-induced response and stability performance of the wind turbine structural system under different yaw angle were analyzed systematically. Research results demonstrate that with the increase of yaw angle, the maximum negative pressure and extreme negative pressure of the significant interference zone of the tower present a V-shaped variation trend, whereas the layer resistance coefficient increases gradually. By contrast, the maximum negative pressure, extreme negative pressure and layer resistance coefficient of the non-interference zone remain basically same. Effects of streaming and wake weaken gradually. When the yaw angle increases to $45^{\circ}$, aerodynamic force of the tower is close with that when there's no blade yaw and interference. As the height of significant interference zone increases, layer resistance coefficient decreases firstly and then increases under different yaw angles. Maximum means and mean square error (MSE) of radial displacement under different yaw angles all occur at circumferential $0^{\circ}$ and $180^{\circ}$ of the tower. The maximum bending moment at tower bottom is at circumferential $20^{\circ}$. When the yaw angle is $0^{\circ}$, the maximum downwind displacement responses of different blades are higher than 2.7 m. With the increase of yaw angle, MSEs of radial displacement at tower top, downwind displacement of blades, internal force at blade roots all decrease gradually, while the critical wind speed decreases firstly and then increases and finally decreases. The comprehensive analysis shows that the worst aerodynamic performance and wind-induced response of the wind turbine system are achieved when the yaw angle is $0^{\circ}$, whereas the worst stability performance and ultimate bearing capacity are achieved when the yaw angle is $45^{\circ}$.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.405-420
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• 2016

Section model wind tunnel test is currently the main technique to investigate the flutter performance of long-span bridges. Further study about applying the wind tunnel test results to the aerodynamic optimization is still needed. Systematical parameters and test principle of the bridge section model are determined by using three long-span steel truss suspension bridges. The flutter critical wind at different attack angles is obtained through section model flutter test. Under the most unfavorable working condition, tests to investigate the effects that upper central stabilized plate, lower central stabilized plate and horizontal stabilized plate have on the flutter performance of the main beam were conducted. According to the test results, the optimal aerodynamic measure was chosen to meet the requirements of the bridge wind resistance in consideration of safety, economy and aesthetics. At last the credibility of the results is confirmed by full bridge aerodynamic elastic model test. That the flutter reduced wind speed of long-span steel truss suspension bridges stays approximately between 4 to 5 is concluded as a reference for the investigation of the flutter performance of future similar steel truss girder suspension bridges.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.15-20
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• 2020

The aircraft industry supports aviation by building aircraft and manufacturing aircraft parts for their maintenance. Fuel economization is one of the biggest concerns in the aircraft industry. The reduction in specific fuel consumption of aircraft can be achieved by a variety of means, simplest and more effective is the one to impose minor modifications in the aircraft main wing or the parts which are exposed to the air flow. This method can lead to a reduction in aerodynamic resistance offered by the air and have a smoother flight. The main objective of this study is to propose geometric design modifications on an existing aircraft wing which acts as a vortex generator and it can reduce the drag and increase lift to drag ratio, leading to lower fuel consumption. The NACA 2412 aircraft wing is modified and designed. Rigorous flow analysis is carried out using computational fluid dynamics based software Ansys Fluent. Results show that saw tooth modification to the main wing shows the best aerodynamic efficiency as compared to other modifications.

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2003년도 추계 학술대회논문집
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• pp.132-138
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• 2003

The optimal design for a leading car considering the aerodynamic resistance is required on the high-speed train due to increasing of ratio of drag force with proportion for the square of velocity. The aerodynamic analysis using CFD in the stage of concept design offers more economical analysis method which is used to estimate the influence of flow and pressure around the leading car than the experimental method using the Mock-up. In this study, we want to assist the artistic design with aerodynamics analysis in order to get the optimal design for leading car with the operation speed of 180km/h. The results of aerodynamic analysis for two leading car models which one is expressed with lineal beauty and the other is with curvaceous beauty are compared with each other and they offer the proposal of modification for two models in order to decrease the drag force. The shape of curvaceous model is better for the pressure force but slightly worse for the viscous force than the other. The Fluent software is used for the calculation of flow profile in this study.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.433-450
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• 2020

The strong turbulence characteristic of typhoon not only will significantly change flow field characteristics surrounding the large-scale wind turbine and aerodynamic force distribution on surface, but also may cause morphological evolution of coast dune and thereby form sand storms. A 5MW horizontal-axis wind turbine in a wind power plant of southeastern coastal areas in China was chosen to investigate the distribution law of additional loads caused by wind-sand coupling movement of coast dune at landing of strong typhoons. Firstly, a mesoscale Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) mode was introduced in for high spatial resolution simulation of typhoon "Megi". Wind speed profile on the boundary layer of typhoon was gained through fitting based on nonlinear least squares and then it was integrated into the user-defined function (UDF) as an entry condition of small-scaled CFD numerical simulation. On this basis, a synchronous iterative modeling of wind field and sand particle combination was carried out by using a continuous phase and discrete phase. Influencing laws of typhoon and normal wind on moving characteristics of sand particles, equivalent pressure distribution mode of structural surface and characteristics of lift resistance coefficient were compared. Results demonstrated that: Compared with normal wind, mesoscale typhoon intensifies the 3D aerodynamic distribution mode on structural surface of wind turbine significantly. Different from wind loads, sand loads mainly impact on 30° ranges at two sides of the lower windward region on the tower. The ratio between sand loads and wind load reaches 3.937% and the maximum sand pressure coefficient is 0.09. The coupling impact effect of strong typhoon and large sand particles is more significant, in which the resistance coefficient of tower is increased by 9.80% to the maximum extent. The maximum resistance coefficient in typhoon field is 13.79% higher than that in the normal wind field.

• 터널과지하공간
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.247-257
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• 2018

고속 열차는 승객과 화물을 대량으로 빠른 시간에 운송할 수 있어 세계 여러 나라에서 고속철도 건설이 증가하고 있다. 열차가 고속으로 주행할 경우 열차의 전두부에 공기 저항이 발생하며, 이러한 공기 저항을 감소시키기 위하여 열차의 형상을 유선형으로 설계한다. 고속으로 주행하는 열차가 터널에 진입할때, 터널 내에서 발생한 공기 저항으로 인하여 개활지 주행 시 보다 훨씬 큰 동력이 요구된다. 따라서 열차가 터널에 진입할 때 열차에 작용하는 공기 저항을 감소시키기 위하여 열차의 주행 속도를 감소시킨다. 이렇게 열차의 속도를 감소시킬 경우, 고속 열차의 운송 능력 및 장점이 감소되기 때문에 터널 내에서 열차 주행으로 인하여 발생되는 공기 저항을 감소시키는 설비가 필수적이다. 이 연구에서는 터널 내에서 열차의 고속 주행을 위하여 필요한 공기 압력 제어 시스템의 효과를 분석하기 위하여 1차원 수치해석을 수행하였다. 1차원 수치해석 프로그램을 통하여, 터널의 단면적 및 공기압력 제어 덕트의 단면적과 배치 간격이 터널 내에서 발생하는 공기 저항에 미치는 영향을 상세히 분석하였다.