• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.214-217
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• 2018

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a well-recognized risk factor for thrombotic events in adults but data on children are scarce. In the great majority of adult patients, thrombotic events are usually deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Other sites such as jugular veins are extremely rare. We present a case of Lemierre syndrome in an adolescent girl with active ulcerative colitis and discuss possible risk factors. This is the first reported case of severe Lemierre syndrome with thrombus extension to cranial veins in a patient with ulcerative colitis. Early recognition of Lemierre syndrome in patients who present with rapidly worsening symptoms of neck pain, fever and signs of pharyngitis is imperative because it increases a chance of favorable prognosis. It is important for pediatricians treating IBD patients not to underestimate possible thrombotic events in children with IBD. Recognition of additional risk factors is crucial for prompt diagnosis and adequate treatment.

• Nutritional Sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.245-255
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• 2002

This study was designed to investigate body image, objective and subjective measurements of body size and shape, eating behavior, and weight control practices in 650 Korean adolescent girls; 500 of the subjects were 14 years old and enrolled in middle schools, while the remaining 150 were 17 years old and enrolled in high schools. Subjects responded anonymously to a self-administered questionnaire. The results showed that average height and weight of the subjects were 157cm and 49.5kg, respectively, while subjects ideal heights and weights averaged 164cm and 48kg, respectively. The ideal adult body heights and weights proposed by the subjects averaged 172cm and 55kg respectively. Over 50% of the subjects were dissatisfied with their body image; the degree of dissatisfaction with body image was higher in those who believed themselves to be fat. Most of the subjects wanted to lose weight and had tried to lose weight. Self-reported weight control practice methods included reducing food intake (31.9%), skipping meals (29.6%), exercise (25.8%), using slimming machines (6.9%), and using diet pills (5.1%). The heavier the subjects weight was, the greater the difference between the subjective and objective evaluations of body size. The body image scores of subjects who perceived themselves as fat were significantly lower than those of subjects who perceived themselves as normal or underweight. The difference between subjective and objective evaluations of body size, and the degree of obesity, were significantly higher in those subjects who had experience of weight control than those who had no experience of weight control. These results suggest that nutrition and health education programs for adolescent girls should be researched and implemented in order to establish a more realistic body image, positive habits in weight control, and healthful eating habits.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the psychological changes and influences of child actors depending on their role. First, we met the film producer of Dogani and discussed about the filming condition. Second, we visited filming locations during the filming of Neighborhood, when shooting of parts involving the female child actor was taking place and evaluated the emotional states of the child actor before and after she played her role. Third, we interviewed various people of the movie industry, which included adult actors, directors, a professor of films and broadcasting who was a former child actor and a scriptwriter. In case of the film Dogani, the production crew provided enough care and protection and we concluded that child actors had no psychological sequelae. After interviewing the child actor and visiting filming locations, we confirmed that the child actor was not influenced by playing certain roles. In addition, after interviewing various people related to filming, we thought that child actors might not have psychological sequelae related to the character played. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study about influences of the playing character for child actors. We concluded that playing certain roles would not have negative effects on child actors.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.43-54
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• 2009

Objectives: Adolescent health risk behaviors are typically smoking, drinking, violence, and the use of harmful media. The articles published in the literature are about those behaviors which was individually studied. Teenagers, however, are likely to have those behaviors simultaneously such as smoking and drinking. Also, the use of media and harmful materials are common among adolescents. This study was conducted with the purpose of investigating the relationship of smoking, drinking, the use of harmful media. Methods: This study was a secondary analysis using the data drawn from National Youth Committee's survey of adolescent harmful environment in 2007. The self-reported questionnaires were administered to 7,409 students attending junior high schools between October 10 and November 20. The samples were randomly selected based on strata of geography, schools, and gender. Results: Junior high school students used the harmful media ranging from 13.9 % to 31% depending on the type of media. The most accessed one was adult-only games. The current smoking rates was 5.4% and drinking rates was 27.4%. There are statistically significant relationship between smoking and the use of harmful media, between drinking and the use of harmful media, and between smoking and drinking. The behavioral factors that can predict the use of harmful media based on logistic regression analysis are the grade and smoking. Conclusion: Students were at risk of engaging health risk behaviors as they were getting older. Like other literature, smoking was a significant predictor of adolescent behavioral problems.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.64-80
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• 2003

Although obsessive-compulsive disorder(OCD) affects children, adolescents, and adults whether its juvenile(dhild and adolescent) and adult forms are different subtype of a disorder remains unknown. But there are increasing findings that suggest that juvenile OCD may be unique subtype of the disorder. One proposed subtype is the childhood OCD associated with high comorbidity of tic disorder and increased familial loading for OCD or tic disorder. The other proposed subtype is the childhood OCD and/or tic disorder occuring in association with streptococcal infection(PANDAS). These two subtypes of OCD are unlikely to respond to SSRI due to possible different pathphysiological mechanism. So this paper reviews the characteristics of OCD and therapeutic approaches for treatment resistant OCD in childhood and adolescence. Considering the likely heterogeneity of OCD, the possibility that juvenild OCD may be a variant of the disorder can have important clinical and scientific implications because it may further our understanding of this disorder, its etiology, and perhaps its treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.26-33
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• 1998

Object：The authors compared the attention-deficit hyperactivity(ADH) symptoms in childhood of adult male patients with bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and normal control subjects and attempted to find out whether attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and bipolar disorder are related each other. Method：The authors compared ADH symptoms in childhood assessed with Wender Utah Rating Scale(WURS), selected 25 items of WURS(WURS-25), and Parent Rating Scale(PRS), and compared them between 26 bipolar, 29 schizophrenic, and 27 normal control subjects. Result：The subjects with bipolar disorder had significantly higher mean score of WURS compared with normal control group(One-way ANOVA, duncan test, WURS：DF=2, F=3.77 p=0.027), and the differences between the mean scores of WURS-25 and PRS of bipolar subjects and the other two groups were also highly significant(One-way ANOVA, Duncan test, WURS-25：DF=2, F=4.24 p=0.0178, PRS：DF=2, F=13.97 p<0.001). The mean scores of WURS, WURS-25, and PRS of schizophrenic subjects were higher than those of normal control group, though not significant. WURS and PRS were correlated for subjects with bipolar disorder(r=0.7495) and the normal control(r=0.5305), and there was no correlation for schizophrenic subjects. Conclusion：The ADH symptoms in childhood were much more evident for adult bipolar subjects than schizophrenic and normal control subjects. And these results are very suggestive that there might be some relationship between bipolar disorder and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder and these two disorders might have a shared common pathophysiology which needs further study.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.191-198
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• 2013

Objectives : The objective of this study is to find out the differences in psychopathology, temperament, and character factors between young adults with and without childhood attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms. Methods : The subjects consisted of 314 university students (male=72, female=242) in Gongju. They were divided into childhood ADHD group (N=54) and normal group (N=260) to the Wender-Utah Rating Scale. Participants were assessed using Korean Adult ADHD Scale, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Beck Anxiety Inventory, Kimberly Young's Internet Addiction Test, Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Paranoia Scale, Korean-Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale, Lubben Social Network Scale, and Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. Descriptive statistics, t-test, chi-square, spearman correlation, and stepwise multiple regression were applied to analyze the data. Results : Participants with childhood ADHD symptoms had high level of adult ADHD symptoms (p<.001), impulsiveness (p=.001), depression (p<.001), anxiety (p<.001), internet addiction (p<.001), paranoia tendency (p<.001) and low level of selfesteem (p<.001) compared to normal group. Self-directedness (p<.001) was lower, Harm avoidance (p=.001) and Self-transcendence (p=.029) were higher in the childhood ADHD group. In correlation and stepwise multiple regression, childhood ADHD symptoms were significantly associated with cooperativeness (r=-0.515 and ${\beta}$=-0.547, p<.001 respectively). Conclusion : This result showed that young adults with childhood ADHD symptoms had various forms of psychopathology and childhood ADHD symptoms were influenced by character such as cooperativeness. Therefore, more thorough evaluation regarding childhood ADHD symptoms is needed.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.32 no.5
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• pp.83-92
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• 2015

Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the status of the awareness of "school environmental sanitation and cleanup zone system" and to identify the level of harmful perception by shops. Methods: The survey was conducted using a self-administered questionnaire method online via the homepage of the education ministry's student health information center. A total of 293 schools (126 primary schools, 62 middle schools, and 45 high schools) was selected by using a stratified probability sampling. Results: Some 32.1% of all subjects knew the law of school environmental sanitation and cleanup zone system. The mean of harmful perception was 3.01 (very harmful: 4, harmful: 3, little harmful: 2, no harmful: 1). Regarding the types of high level of harmful perception of shops, adult good shops (3.53), hostess bar (3.52), karaoke bar (3.47), Cigarette vending machines (3.47), Adult only theater (3.47) and Phone sex room (3.37) were high. Singing room (2.29), dance school (2.45), tourist hotel (2.58), comic room (2.59), mini game console (2.66), hotel (2.77), billiard hall (2.81), PC room (2.83) were relatively low in the level of harmful perception. Conclusions: National government-level management and supervision will be necessary to prevent adolescent access to harmful shops.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.553-563
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• 2006

Purpose: This study was conducted, on the basis of the Theory of Planned Behavior to analyze factors influencing on undergraduate students' sexual behavior and to provide basic guidelines for the intervention of promoting sex education in school. Method: The participants of this study consisted of 284 under-graduate students at 3 colleges and 3 universities in Seoul. SPSS 10.0 win program was used and descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, multiple regression and logistic regression were used to evaluate the influencing factors on undergraduate students' sexual behavior. Results: The results of this study can be summarized as follows; For undergraduate students, perceived behavioral control, and attitude of sexual behavior could explain 43% of the variance in intention of sexual behavior. However, subjective norm didn't influence sexual behavioral intention. For undergraduate students, perceived behavioral control, sexual behavioral intention were factors influencing sexual behavior, and these factors could explain 43% of the variance in sexual behavior. Conclusion: In conclusion, the interventive sex education that is upright and healthy will be needed to strengthen perceived behavioral control and sexual behavioral intention as influencing factors on sexual behavior in adolescent and young adults.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.172-181
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• 2018

Objective: This study was performed to investigate buccal facial depth (BFD) changes after extraction and nonextraction orthodontic treatments in post-adolescent and adult female patients, and to explore possible influencing factors. Methods: Twelve and nine female patients were enrolled in the extraction and nonextraction groups, respectively. Changes in BFD in the defined buccal region and six transverse and two coronal measuring planes were measured after registering pretreatment and posttreatment three-dimensional facial scans. Changes in posterior dentoalveolar arch widths were also measured. Treatment duration, changes in body mass index (BMI), and cephalometric variables were compared between the groups. Results: BFD in the buccal region decreased by approximately 1.45 mm in the extraction group, but no significant change was observed in the nonextraction group. In the extraction group, the decrease in BFD was identical between the two coronal measuring planes, whereas this differed among the six transverse measuring planes. Posterior dentoalveolar arch widths decreased in the extraction group, whereas these increased at the second premolar level in the nonextraction group. The treatment duration of the extraction group was twice that of the nonextraction group. No differences were found in BMI and Frankfort horizontal-mandibular plane angle changes between the groups. BFD changes in the buccal region moderately correlated with treatment duration and dental arch width change. Conclusions: BFD decreased in adult female patients undergoing extraction, and this may be influenced by the long treatment duration and constriction of dentoalveolar arch width. However, nonextraction treatment did not significantly alter BFD.