• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2003년도 제120회 추계학술대회 제 5차 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회
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• pp.618-618
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the etching effects and bond strength of total etching and self-etching adhesive system on unground enamel using scanning electron microscopy and microtensile bond strength test. The buccal coronal unground enamel from human extracted molars were prepared using low-speed deamond saw. Scotchbond Multi-Purpose(group CM), Clearfil SE Bond(group SE), or Adper Prompt L-pop(group LP) were applied to the prepared teeth, and resin compasite(Z-250) was built up incrementally. Resin tag formation were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, after removal of enamel surface by acid dissolution and dehydration.(중략)

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제47권2호
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• pp.232-239
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• 2009

연구목적: 많은 의치 환자들은 의치의 유지력, 안정성 그리고 저작기능을 향상시키기 위해 의치접착제를 사용하고 있다. 이상적인 의치접착제는 독성이나 자극이 없고, 구강점막에 편안함을 제공하고, 나쁜 냄새나 맛이 없어야 한다. 의치접착 크림의 세포독성 여부를 확인하고, 의치접착제의 효과와 시간에 따른 유지력의 변화를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구재료 및 방법: 의치접착크림의 세포독성 여부를 알아보기 위해 mouse 섬유아세포를 이용한 MTT 시험을 통해 의치접착크림의 농도와 1일에서 4일까지의 시간에 따른 세포독성 여부를 평가하였다. 의치 접착제가 유지력 향상에 미치는 효과와 시간에 따른 유지력의 변화를 알아보기 위해 무치악 덴티폼과 이에 맞는 의치상을 제작하여 의치 접착제 적용 후 3일까지의 인장결합강도를 측정하였다. 결과: 1. 의치접착크림은 농도와 시간에 따라 세포독성이 관찰되는 것은 없었다. 2. 의치접착크림과 인공타액을 동시에 사용한 경우 통계학적으로 가장 높은 인장 결합강도를 나타내었고, 의치접착크림을 단독으로 사용한 경우보다 인장 결합강도가 통계학적으로 유의성 있게 높았다. 이는 인공타액과 의치접착크림의 인장 결합강도의 단순 합계보다 높았다. 3. 의치접착크림과 인공타액을 동시에 사용한 군에서 도포 후부터 1시간 후까지 인장 결합강도는 최대치를 기록하였고 3시간부터 인장 결합강도는 점차 감소하기 시작하여 12시간 후는 최대 인장 결합강도의 70%, 1일후에50%까지 감소하였다. 이상의 결과를 토대로 의치접착크림은 1일에서 4일까지 세포독성이 없었고 의치의 유지력을 향상시키는데 효과적이며, 타액과 같이 작용하여 효과를 더 발휘할 수 있었다. 향후 장기적인 사용에 따른 다양한 세포독성 실험과 접착력의 감소에 대한 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.451-458
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• 2011

Adhesives derived from renewable resources allow wood panel producers to make lower cost alternatives to formaldehyde-based adhesive resins. Among them, adhesive components extracted from industrial by-products or wastes are the most important research fields in the efficient utilization of waste and cost reduction. In our study, the rapeseed flour, which is a by product from the production of biodiesel extracted from rapeseed, was introduced to develop alternative adhesives for the production of wood flooring. The rapeseed flour was hydrolyzed with 1% sodium hydroxide solution and PF prepolymers were prepared with 3-molar ratios, 1.8, 2.1 and 2.4. The linear fracture mechanics was introduced to evaluate the glue bond quality in wood flooring composed of fancy-veneered and plywood, and the formaldehyde emission and adhesive penetration were also investigated. The formaldehyde emissions of wood flooring met the requirement of the standard of $SE_0$ specified in the KS standard. The rapeseed flour adhesive penetrated sufficiently into the vessel elements and lumens in fancy veneer and plywood and gave strong bond quality to the wood flooring. The fracture mechanics was introduced to evaluate the adhesive joint between fancy veneer and plywood. The critical stress intensity factor ($K_{IC}$) of boliva overlayed wood flooring was increased with increasing molar ratio and this was the same tendency in oak overlayed wood flooring. From the results, the formulated adhesives were efficiently used to bond fancy veneer onto the plywood to make wood flooring and showed a potential to be used as a component of environmentally friendly adhesive resin systems for production of flooring.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.163-170
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• 2002

Recently, polishing tile(porcelain homogeneous polished tile) was used in the construction field as a finishing material. But, there happened some problems such as tile exfoliation by construction condition in early ages. Also, for use of polishing tile in the dry wall system which used to lightweight wall, the examination of adhesive stability of polishing tile is needed. In this study, adhesive strength of Polishing tile was investigated by tile bond types on gypsum board and non asbestos board coated by tar-urethane and Polymer modified cementitious waterproofing membrane(Series I). Then, the effect of heat stress and vibration was estimated on gypsum and non asbestos board(Series II). As the result of study are the follows; (1) Polishing tile(600$\times$400mm) construction on waterproofing layer : Both laboratory estimation and spot examination sieve were happened that fall of tile because their hardening speed is late. (2) To using powder style adhesives in the dry wail with waterproofing layer : Adhesive strength of tile is Influenced by interface bond area and base side condition. (3) Shock and heat stresses : obvious decline of adhesive strength is not happened

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제46권4호
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• pp.55.1-55.9
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• 2021

Objectives: The purpose of this systematic review was to collect and discuss the technique of adhesive systems application on dentin substrate under electric current. Materials and Methods: The first search strategy was based on data available at PubMed, LILACS, Scielo, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, using a combination of descriptors such as "dentin bond agents OR adhesive system AND electric current OR electrobond" or "dentin bonding agents OR dentin bonding agent application OR adhesive system AND electric current OR electrobond", with no limit regarding the publication year. The second search strategy was based on the articles' references found previously. An additional search strategy was applied that concerned the proposed theme in the SBU-UNICAMP (Unicamp's Library System Institutional Repository). Results: Twelve studies published between 2006 and 2020 were found. The analyses of the selected studies showed that the use of electric current during adhesive systems application on dentin, whether conventional or self-conditioning, increases resinous monomer infiltration in the dentin substrate, which improves the hybridization processes and the bond strength of the restorative material to dentin. Conclusions: Despite the favorable results related to the use of this technique, there is still no specific protocol for the application of adhesive systems under electric current.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.68-74
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• 2015

Objectives: This study examined the effects of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength of one-step self-etch adhesives with different compositions and pH. The effect of ethanol wetting on etched dentin bond strength of self-etch adhesives was also evaluated. Materials and Methods: Forty-two human permanent molars were classified into 21 groups according to the adhesive types (Clearfil SE Bond [SE, control]; G-aenial Bond [GB]; Xeno V [XV]; Beauti Bond [BB]; Adper Easy Bond [AE]; Single Bond Universal [SU]; All Bond Universal [AU]), and the dentin conditioning methods. Composite resins were placed on the dentin surfaces, and the teeth were sectioned. The microtensile bond strength was measured, and the failure mode of the fractured specimens was examined. The data were analyzed statistically using two-way ANOVA and Duncan's post hoc test. Results: In GB, XV and SE ($pH{\leq}2$), the bond strength was decreased significantly when the dentin was etched (p < 0.05). In BB, AE and SU (pH 2.4 - 2.7), additional etching did not affect the bond strength (p > 0.05). In AU (pH = 3.2), additional etching increased the bond strength significantly (p < 0.05). When adhesives were applied to the acid etched dentin with ethanol-wet bonding, the bond strength was significantly higher than that of the no ethanol-wet bonding groups, and the incidence of cohesive failure was increased. Conclusions: The effect of additional acid etching on the dentin bond strength was influenced by the pH of one-step self-etch adhesives. Ethanol wetting on etched dentin could create a stronger bonding performance of one-step self-etch adhesives for acid etched dentin.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.443-450
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• 2005

본 연구는 아말감 면에 광중합형 레진으로 교정용 브라켓을 접착시킬 경우, 광원의 차이(할로겐 광중합기와 light-emitting diode (LED) 광중합기)와 샌드블라스팅 표면처리 여부에 따른 접착제의 전단결합강도를 비교하고자 시행되었다. 발거된 소구치 30개를 대조군으로 이용하였으며 법랑질 표면을 산부식한 후 통상적인 방법으로 브라켓을 접착하였다. 60개의 다른 소구치에 아말감 충전을 하여 실험군으로 이용하였다. 두 군에서 할로겐 광중합기와 LED 광중합기를 이용하여 브라켓을 접착시키고 브라켓이 탈락될 때까지 힘을 가해 전단결합강도를 측정하였다. 실험 결과, 실험군의 전단결합강도는 약 3-5.5 MPa로 대조군(19MPa)보다 낮았다. 실험군에서 샌드블라스팅 표면처리를 한 경우, 할로겐 광중합기를 사용한 군이 LED 광중합기를 사용한 군보다 높은 전단결합강도를 보였으나 (P<0.05), 샌드블라스팅 표면처리를 하지 않은 경우에는 광원에 따라 전단결합강도에 차이를 보이지 않았다 (p > 0.05). 할로겐 광중합 군과 LED 광중합 군 모두에서 샌드블라스팅 여부에 따른 전단결합강도에 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다 (p>005). 아말감 면에 광중합형 레진을 이용하여 브라켓을 접착할 경우 할로겐 광중합기와 LED 광중합기로 얻을 수 있는 접착제의 결합강도는 임상적으로 사용하기에는 낮게 나타나, 이의 증진 방법을 도모하기 위해 앞으로 더 많은 연구가 필요하리라 사료된다.

• 대한치과보철학회지
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• 제41권3호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2003

Statement of problem. Adhesives in dentistry playa major role in the success of restorative treatments. In the treatment of all ceramic restoration it is needed to find the adequate bond strength between enamel and dentin. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate shear bond strength of resin cement bonded to extracted human uncut enamel, cut enamel, and dentin in vitro. Material and methods. Ten freshly extracted anterior teeth without any previous restorative treatments were chosen. The extracted teeth were embedded in PMMA cold acrylic in the shape of a cylinder, 25 mm in diameter by 25 mm in height. The bonding system used was as follow: Uni-Etch (32% phosphoric acid), One-Step adhesive, Duolink resin cement. The specimens were acid etched and rinsed with water. Two layers of One-Step adhesive were coated with a disposable brush on the uncut enamel. VIP curing light at $500mV/cm^2$ was used to cure the adhesive. For cut enamel shear bond test, the specimen used for uncut enamel was further reduced approximately $0.3{\sim}0.5mm$ using a laminate preparation diamond bur (0.3 mm in depth). The specimens were subsequently treated with 320-grit SiC paper followed by 600-grit SiC paper and cleaned with distilled water. The bonding procedure on the cut enamel was same as uncut enamel bonding procedure. For dentin bonding test, the specimen used for cut enamel was further reduced approximately $0.5mm{\sim}1.0mm$ using a laminate preparation diamond bur (0.5 mm in depth of diamond cutting). The amount of reduction was evaluated with the silicone mold. The specimens were subsequently treated with 320-grit SiC paper followed by 600-grit silicon carbon paper and cleaned in distilled water. The bonding procedure on the dentin was same as uncut enamel bonding procedure. All samples were mounted and secured on the Ultradent shear bond test sample holder, and Ultradent restricted shear bond testing device was used with Universal Instron machine until fracture. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was performed comparing the result at P<0.05. Multiple comparison (Tukey) was used to compare each groups. Result. The result showed that the mean value in shear bond strength of resin cement bonded to uncut enamel, cut enamel and dentin were 27.04 Mpa, 30.25 Mpa and 26.39 Mpa with respect. Conclusion. Within the limitation of this study, the mean value of the shear bond strength of cut enamel was higher than those of uncut enamel or dentin. However there existed no statistical differences between three different human dentition substrates due to increased adhesive characteristics.

• 대한치과교정학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.137-147
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• 2001

Acidic primer는 하나의 용액으로 conditioning과 priming을 동시에 시행하는 새로운 접착 시스템으로 치질의 손상이 적고 처리 과정이 간단한 특징을 지닌다. 본 실험은 acidic primer를 이용하여 치면처리를 시행한 후 기존의 접착제로 브라켓을 접착할 때 적절한 결합강도를 지니는지 평가하기 위하여 고안되었다. 50개의 사람 소구치를 5개군으로 나누어 4개군은 acidic primer로 법랑질을 처리한 후 Clearfil Liner bond $2^{\circledR}$(1군), Transbond $XT^{\circledR}$(2군), Panavla $21^{\circledR}$(3군), Fuji Ortho $LC^{\circledR}$(4군)로 브라켓을 접착하였고 1개군은 TransHond $XT^{\circledR}$를 통상적인 산부식 방법을 이용하여 접착(5군)한 후 전단 결합 강도를 측정하고 접착파절의 양상을 평가하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1 Acidic primer로 처리한 4개의 군 가운데 광중합형 글래스 아이오노머를 사용한 군(4군)의 전단결합강도($9.72{\pm}3.16MPa$)와 Panavia $21^{\circledR}$을 사용한 군(3군)의 전단 결합 강도($8.69{\pm}2.72MPa$)는 37$\%$ 인산으로 처리한 후 광중합형 레진 (Transbond $XT^{\circledR}$)을 사용한 군(5군)의 전단결합강도($10.48{\pm}2.60MPa$)와 유의성있는 차이를 보이지 않았다 (P>0.05). 2. Acidic primer로 처리한 4개의 군 가운데 광중합형 글래스 아이오노머를 사용한 군(4군)과 Panavia $21^{\circledR}$을 사용한 군(3군)의 전단 결합 강도는 Clearfil Liner bond $2^{\circledR}$를 사용한 군(1군)의 전단 결합 강도($1.09{\pm}0.53MPa$)와 광중합형 레진(Transbond $XT^{\circledR}$)을 사용한 군(2군)의 전단 결합 강도($2.70{\pm}1.46MPa$)에 비해 유의하게 큰 강도를 보였다 (p<0.05). 3. 접착제 잔류지수 측정 결과 4군($2.1{\pm}1.1$)과 5군($2.9{\pm}0.3$)의 경우 1군($0.2{\pm}0.4$), 2군($0.3{\pm}0.9$), 3군($0.2{\pm}0.4$)에 비해 접착제 잔류지수가 유의하게 높았다 (p<0.05). 4. 4군과 5군의 접착제 잔류 지수간에는 유의한 차이가 없었다 (p>0.05). 따라서 acidic primer로 치면을 처리하는 방법은 시용되는 접착제에 따라 기존의 산부식 접 착법과 유사한 결합강도를 얻을 수 있어 교정용 브라켓 접착시 산부식 단계를 생략할 수 있는 가능성을 보여준다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.90-97
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• 2008

이 연구는 Clearfil SE Bond를 거친 법랑질 표면에 적용할 때, 자가부식 프라이머의 적용방식 (능동적인 또는 수동적인)과 접착레진의 도포회수 (1회 또는 2회)가 법랑질의 결합강도에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 16개의 발거된 대구치 치관의 협면이나 설면에서 법랑질 절편을 만들어 4개의 군으로 배정한 다음, 1군은 프라이머를 수동적으로 적용한 후 접착레진을 1회 도포하였고, 2군은 프라이머를 능동적으로 적용한 후 접착레진을 1회 도포하였고, 3군은 프라이머를 수동적으로 적용한 후 접착레진을 2회 도포하였고, 4군은 프라이머를 능동적으로 적용한 후 접착레진을 2회 도포하였다. 적용된 접착레진을 10초간 광조사한 후, 법랑질 표면에 2-3개의 Tygon tube를 위치시키고 Clearfil AP-X를 충전하고 40초간 광조사 하였다. Universal testing machine을 이용하여 법랑질 표면에서 복합레진이 파절될 까지 분당 1.0 mm의 cross-head speed로 전단하중을 가하고 통계적으로 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 거친 법랑질에 대한 Clearfil SE Bond의 미세전단 결합강도는 자가부식 프라이머의 적용방식 보다는 접착레진의 도포회수에 의해 증가할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다.