• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.13 no.7
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• pp.883-887
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• 2000

One way of evaluating the effectiveness of a dairy breeding program is to measure response to selection. This may be direct or indirect. The objectives of this study were to estimate expected progress for direct selection on milk, fat and protein yields; to estimate the expected correlated responses on indirect selection for milk, fat and protein yields in Zimbabwean Holstein cattle and to establish the effect of selection intensity on responses. The Animal Model contained fixed effects of herd, year of calving, calving month, dry period, milking frequency and additive effects pertaining to cows, sires and dams. AIREML software package was used to analyse the data. The genetic and phenotypic parameters obtained in this study were used to compute direct and correlated responses to selection. Because of the higher heritabilities in first parity, genetic progress was found to be greater when selection was practised on first parity cows as compared to later lactations. It is therefore recommended that older cows in the herd be replaced with improved heifers so as to enhance genetic progress.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Tobacco Science
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.207-214
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• 1984

In order to obtain the basic information for the successful breeding of aromatic tobacco (N. tabacum L.), the combining ability and the mode of inheritance in 28 $F_2$ hybrids by diallel crosses between Korea local and oriental varieties were investigated. Estimates of general combining ability were significant for all characters investigated, and the specific combining ability was significant for stalk height, leaves per plant, leaf length, leaf width and days to flower. The partial dominance was exhibited by all characters investigated as well as additive effects were larger than dominance effects for all characters.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.175-179
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• 2010

The present study aimed to assess the antifungal properties of the essential oil fraction from Ligusticum chuanxiong (Umbelliferae) and its components against five clinically important Aspergillus species. The essential oil fraction was extracted from the underground parts of the plant by steam distillation, and its main components, namely, Z-ligustilide, butylidene phthalide, and p-cresol were isolated by column chromatography. The antifungal activities of the essential oils were evaluated by the broth dilution method. Both the total essential oil fraction of L. chuanxiong and its components showed significant anti-Aspergillus activity against all five tested strains with MICs between 62.5 and 250 ${\mu}g$/ml, respectively. In a checkerboard microtiter assay, the combination of antibiotics, itraconazole with the essential oil fraction of L. chuanxiong or its main components exhibited synergistic or additive, and in some cases indifferent, effects against the tested Aspergillus species, resulting in FICIs (fractional inhibiting concentration indices) ranging from 0.12 to 2, while the combination of antibiotics, amphothericin B with L. chuanxiong essential oils mostly showed antagonistic effects.

• Journal of KSNVE
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.998-1004
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• 1999

The passenger car manufacturer should meet more and more strict requirements of customers on noise and vibration problems. It is proven that the Taguchi method is a powerful tool for improving the product quality in many areas. This paper employs the Taguchi method to reduce low-frequency booming noise in a passenger car. Selection of object function is very important to minimize interaction effects in the Taguchi method. We select logarithmic-scaled sound pressure level as an object function, which is commonly used to analyze the noise and vibration signals. The optimum noise level predicted with additive-model assumption agrees well with the test results. In addition, the optimum level is lower than the initial one by about 5 dB without any adverse effects. The results show that the Taguchi method can be applied efficiently to solve the noise problem in the passenger cars.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.97-106
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• 1998

In this Paper, a fuel minimizing closed loop explicit inertial guidance algorithm for orbit injection of a rocket is developed. In the formulation, the fuel burning rate and magnitude of thrust are assumed constant. The motion of rocket is assumed to be subject to the average inverse-square gravity, but negligible effects from atmosphere. The optimum thrust angle to obtain a given velocity vector in the shortest time with minimizing fuel consumption is first determined, and then the additive thrust angle for targeting the final position vector is determined by using Pontryagin's maximum principle. To establish real time processing, many algorithms of onboard guidance software are simplified. The explicit guidance algorithm is simulated on the 2nd-stage flight of the N-1 rocket developed in Japan. The results show that the explicit guidance algorithm works well in the presence of the maximum $\pm$10% initial velocity and altitude errors, and exhibits better performance than the open-loop program guidance. The effects of the guidance cycle time are also examined.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.40-45
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• 1978

Degree of dominance for culm length, panicle numbers, flag leaf fwidth and panicle weight showed higher values than the others, and additive protions in variance components were more greater than heterosis protions for many characters. Average gene frequency showed low values for all characters, GCA were more greater than SCA, and the effects of GCA and SCA were differ from parents, crosses, generation and characters.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.174-179
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• 1979

The effects of brightness, electrochemical behaviour on the organic additives, such as aldehydes, polymers, amines and condensed product obtained from epichlorohydrin and nicotinamide, in cyanide zinc electrolplating bath have been studied by controlled potential electrolyser. The results were summerized as follows: (1) It was found that the addition of only one compound of these organic compounds in the bath was unsuitable but mixture of anisaldehyde or monoethanolamine and condensed product as suitable as brightener. (2) The cathodic polarization curve of polymers or aldehydes in cyanide zinc electroplating bath was almost the same but the cathodic polarization curve of condensed product remarkable shifted to noble potential more than non-additive curve.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.2338-2340
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• 2009

Ionic palladium(II) complex containing a long aliphatic chain, [(tmeda)$PdL]_2(PF_6)_4$ (tmeda = N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine; L = decylmethylbis(m-pyridyl)silane) allowed to form a puckered submicrosphere morphology without any template or additive. The puckered spheres reversibly adsorb and desorb dioxane molecules. Coligand and cosolvent effects on the formation of submicrospherical morphology were observed.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 1996

To investigate the food preservative effects of mustard seed(Brassica juncea), mustard seed were added to Kimchi. Titratable acidity of Kimchi treated with mustard seed was higher than that of non-treated control at initial stage, but it was lower than control after 2 days of fermantation. The number of bacteria and lactic acid bacteria increased rapidly at the initial stage of fermentation and reached plateau by 2 days of fermentation. The number of bacteria and lactic acid bacteria of Kimchi treated with mustard seed was lower than that of control, and the more mustard seed added the less bacteria and lactic acid bacteria were observed.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.490-492
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• 2010

This letter proposes a robust feature extraction method using a spatially normalized mean for temporal ordinal measurement. Before computing a rank matrix from the mean values of non-overlapped blocks, each block mean is normalized so that it obeys the invariance property against linear additive and subtractive noise effects and is insensitive against multiplied and divided noise effects. Then, the temporal ordinal measures of spatially normalized mean values are computed for the feature matching. The performance of the proposed method showed about 95% accuracy in both precision and recall rates on various distortion environments, which represents the 2.7% higher performance on average compared to the temporal ordinal measurement.