• 한국보육지원학회지
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.331-354
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• 2015

본 연구는 어린이집 초기적응과정에서 영아반 보육교사가 겪는 어려움을 살펴보고, 이를 통해 교사들의 생각과 요구를 실제적으로 파악하며 바람직한 초기적응 운영방식의 기초를 마련하는데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 P시에 위치한 국공립 S어린이집의 만 1세반 영아 9명과 부모 7명을 관찰하였으며, S어린이집 교사 8명을 심층면담 하였다. 연구에 의하면 교사들은 첫째, 부모와의 관계에서 내 자녀만을 위하는 이기주의, 상호간의 신뢰 부족, 초기적응 프로그램의 학부모 역할 이해 부족, 일과 운영에 대한 이해 부족으로 인해 어려움을 겪고 있었다. 둘째, 영아와의 관계에서는 우는 아이 달래기, 또래들 간의 다툼 중재하기, 재원 영아와 신입 영아간의 균형 맞추기에서 어려움을 나타내고 있었다. 셋째, 동료와의 관계에서는 동료교사와 협력하기, 원장선생님과 대화하기에서 어려움을 겪고 있었다. 이 연구 결과는 영아 초기 적응과정에서 겪는 교사들의 어려움을 실질적으로 이해하고, 교사들의 어려움을 지원할 수 있는 구체적인 운영방안을 마련하는 데 의미 있는 기초자료를 제공할 것이다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.394-405
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 허약노인에 대한 개념의 명확한 속성 규명과 이론적 근거를 마련하는 것이다. 연구방법은 Walker와 Avant(2005)의 개념분석을 위한 기본 원리에 근거하여 절차에 따라 진행하였다. 허약노인에 대한 개념 사용의 연구결과는 허약노인은 건강과 질병의 중간상태에 있다. 허약노인은 신체적으로 근감소증, 염증, 인슐린 저항성에서 신체적으로 취약하고, 진행된 질병의 결과로 입원, 낙상, 장애, 사망에 이를 수 있다. 생리적, 심리적, 사회적 생활습관, 경제적 요인과 관련된 다면적 속성을 가지며, 일상생활에 제한으로 다른 사람의 도움을 필요로 하여 의존적이며, 회복시간과 회복의 정도가 저하되는 것과 소진(exhaustion)의 속성을 가지고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 즉, 역동적 과정(dynamic process), 다면적 요소(multidimensional factors), 의존성(dependency), 취약성(vulnerability)이다. 허약노인은 건강과 질병의 중간 상태로 변화 가능성을 내포한 역동적 과정이며, 신체적, 정신적, 인지적, 사회 환경적 요소를 포함한다. 또한 일상생활에 어려움이 있는 노인으로, 신체적 취약성과 함께 적응에 어려움을 가지고 있는 노인을 의미하였다. 결론적으로 본 연구는 허약노인의 개념분석과 이해를 통해 노인의 허약 수준을 파악하고, 체계적으로 관리함으로써 장기요양상태에 이르지 않도록 지역사회 방문간호를 포함한 보건의료체계 마련을 위한 기초자료 제공에 기여할 것이다.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.590-597
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• 1985

본 논문에서는 위치오차는 가공전 밀링베드를 수치제어 장치를 이용하여 가공 면에 수직한 방향으로 움직여 수치제어 장치인 스텝모우터의 분해능 한계 내에서 보정 하고 또한 공구휨에 상당하는 만큼 이 송속도를 더함으로써 제어하며, 파형오차는 이 송속도와 공구처짐 사이의 관계를 수정된 Taylor의 공구식으로 모형화하고 절삭공정중 이송속도를 적절히 조절하여 공구의 휨양을 제어함으로써 스텝모우터를 갖는 밀링머시 인에서 길이 508mm,두께 20mm의 두꺼운 철판을 평면절삭하는 경우 직진도오차를 최소 로 하는 GAC 방법을 개발하였다.측정은 밀링머시인 자체의 구조적, 동적변화나 절삭 조건의 변화, 공구의 재질 및 마멸상태의 변화, 공작물의 재질 변화등에 적응할 수 있 도록 Fig. 2에 보인 바와 같이 등간격으로 배열된 100개의 위치에서 가공후(post-pro- cess)측정을 통하여 취하였고, 절삭계수의 추정은 측정점을 각각 10개씩 10개의 구간 으로 묶어 각 구간에서의 계의 특성이 변하지 않는다는 가정하에서 계수를 지수가중 반복최소 자승(exponentially weighted recursive least squares, EWRLS)법을 이용하 여 추정하였고, 실제 절삭작업중 모델의 계수변화에 대한 사전 지식이 없이도 이들 계 수들을 보정시킴으로써 최적의 직진도를 얻을 수 있는 절삭조건을 제시하였다. 그리 고 이 방법의 도입으로 단일(SINGLE-PASS)밀링작업이 가능함을 보였고 또한 방법의 타 당성을 증명하기 위하여 여러 경우의 절삭상태에서 실험을 수행하였다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.558-576
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• 1996

1978년 이후 중국은 농촌지역의 개혁을 통해 개혁. 개방이 시작되었다. 인민공사의 집체경제 체제에서, 농가를 단위로 하는 '가정연산승포제'로 변화하여 노동 의욕이 고취되고 생산성의 증가를 이루었다. 하지만 1980년대 이후 생산의욕 유인 효과가 줄어들고, 보다 확대된 시장 메카니즘에 적합하지 못한 토지이용 방식으로 농업생산의 정체와 노동력의 비농업으로의 이전 과정을 겪었다. 이에 농가의 수요에 맞춘 새로운 토지제도가 필요하게 되어, 流轉의 확대, 토지의 생활보호 기능과 상업적 기능을 동시에 만족시키는 兩田制, 토지의 분산성을 극복하여 토지 생산의 능률을 높이려는 規模經營, 토지 소유관계의 불명확성을 극복하려는 股役合作制(주식제), 열등한 토지의 개간과 이용을 위한 '四荒' 경매 등의 제도가 시행되었다. 이러한 정책은 중국의 전반적인 시장경제의 도입으로 인한 농촌지역의 적응과정으로 이해할 수 있다. 그 시행으로 급격한 변화를 피하면서도 기존의 모순을 해결할 수 있었으며, 특히 지역적 차이에 따라 정책은 상이하게 전개된 것이 특징이다.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제39권5호
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• pp.501-515
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 지구과학의 탐구 방법으로서 복수 작업가설의 방법을 특정한 구조를 지닌 암석의 형성 과정에 대한 귀추적 추론 과정에 적용하고, 그 속에서 드러난 복수 작업가설의 방법의 특징을 탐색하였다. 연구 참여자는 한교육대학교에서 진행된 수업에 참여한 31명의 4학년 학생들이었으며, 이들은 수업 활동의 일환으로 문제 암석의 형성 과정에 대한 복수의 작업가설을 상정하고 그것들을 함께 고려하여 귀추적 탐구를 수행하였다. 학생들의 추론 과정과 결과를 스케치북 보고서에 기록하게 하고, 보고서의 내용을 분석적 귀납의 원리에 따라 분석하여 4가지 연구 주장을 도출하였다. 첫째, 학생들의 작업가설은 자원 모델을 바탕으로 상정되고 이 과정에서 종종 자원 모델의 변형이 일어난다. 둘째, 자원 모델의 활성화에는 증거의 지각적 특성이 영향을 미친다. 셋째, 관찰한 증거의 종류와 증거에 대한 다른 해석이 작업가설들에 대한 서로 다른 판단을 초래한다. 넷째, 종종 대안적인 가설들이 결합하여 또 다른 가설이 만들어진다. 이러한 연구 결과가 지구과학 교육과 관련 연구에 시사하는 점을 논의하였다.

• 동의생리학회지
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• 제14권2호통권20호
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• pp.157-178
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• 1999

In terms of the bolt-leaf-hanges in Three-yum and Three yang I referd to successive medical books and many recent literatures on the basis of Huangjenegeong Somun Treatise on the Darting and meeting of Yin and yang, thus considerd concept of successive commentators about the bolt-leaf-hanges in Three-yum and Three yang and reconstructed and systeamtically arranged the bolt-leaf-hanges's interrelationship, yum-yang's relation and movement of six chnnel, and then studied there trinciple in all the universe apply the body and the process is operated by the bolt-leaf-hanges in the trinciples followed in human make his life adaption environment. The process is operated by the bolt-leaf-hanges in Three-yum and Three yang. The trinciples followed in. Firstly, Three-yum and Three yang is not dirrerentiate by many, middle, little of yum-yanggi's different function & role. Secondly, Three-yum and Three yang is negatively related white showing that there is the bolt-leaf-hanges relationship through space of Three-yum and Three yang. Through internal relationship of Three yum channel & Three yang channel, it can be proven that Three-yum and Three yang is in negative relation and through achieving the bolt-leaf-hanges relation in dimensional concept, it can be proven that it can actually be applied to human. Thirdly, by showing Three-yum and Three yang's the bolt-leaf-hanges relation is relation between Three yum & Three yang as well as negative relation, it can be shown that Three-yum and Three yang's the bolt-leaf-hanges activity is circular, and that it maintains itself through appropriate transformation. Fourth, understanding of Three-yum and Three yang's the bolt-leaf-hanges relationship and yum-yang Concern & six channer's activity has been varied. It means that the understanding is affected by socity, philosophical & research culture of the various times. The purpose has been to systematically arrange and diagnosing Three-yum and Three yang's the bolt-leaf-hanges and thus make up a fundamental for recognition. But, further study should be carried out on medical explanation on the bolt-leaf-hanges and interpretation and operation of the bolt-leaf-hanges in O-UnYukKiron.

• 임상간호연구
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.209-226
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• 2018

Purpose: This purpose of this study was to develop evidence-based practice guideline for isolation in health care settings to prevent transmission of infectious diseases utilizing guideline adaption process. Methods: The process of guideline adaptation was performed according to the Korean hospital nurses association's guideline adaptation manual which consisted of three main phases, 9 modules, and 24 steps. Results: The adapted isolation guideline consisted of introduction, overview of isolation guideline, summary of recommendations, recommendations, references, and appendices. The guideline includes 224 recommendations in 4 sections which are organizational administration, standard precautions, transmission-based precautions, and education/counselling. Conclusion: The adapted isolation guideline is recommended to be disseminated and utilized by nurses and clinicians nationwide to improve the isolation practices for infected or colonized patients with communicable diseases and to decrease the transmission of infections in the healthcare settings.

• 동남아시아연구
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.137-184
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• 2011

This article is aimed at understanding the political narratives represented in the National Museum of Indonesia. Starting initially as a colonial museum, the National Museum of Indonesia functioned as a useful tool for the Dutch colonial force to fuel its imaginations of the colonial territory and the people within it. The Dutch used the cultural display to advertize its benevolent colonial rule. All the while, the museum also inevitably reflected orientalism on the people and the culture of the colony. The republic of Indonesia inherited the colonial museum's practices and its display patterns. The business surrounding the museum also played a key role in the newly-born nation-state laying out a future for its redefined territory and people. Thus, what the colonial force imagined for the colonial territory through the study of museum displays was rather directly transferred to the republic without serious consideration of the decolonization process. Four main characteristics have been seen in the museum displays. The first is an emphasis on the glorious Hindu-Buddha history, from which numerous temples, statues, and jewelry have been found. Secondly, the Islamic period, which spanned between the Hindu-Buddha times to the colonial era, has almost completely been eliminated from the display. Third, the colonial era has been depicted as the time of Europe's exportation of scientific tools and adaption of sophisticated living patterns. Fourth, the images of ethnic groups were represented as being stagnant without reflecting any challenges and responses that these groups had faced throughout history. Looking at these display patterns, it can be concluded that all the dynamic internal developments and anti-colonial resistance that took place during the Islamic and Colonial Era have simply not been represented in the museum display. These display patterns do not reflect the real history or culture of the archipelago. Two considerations are thought to have influenced the neglecting of social realities in the display. The first of which is the Dutch's and Republic's apprehension over the possible political upheaval by the Islamic forces. Yet, more fundamentally, cultural displays themselves are distinct from historical education in that the former pays more attention to business ideas with an aim to attract tourists rather than to project objective historical knowledge. Thus, in cultural displays, objects which work to stimulate fantasies and spur curiosity on archipelagic culture tend to be selected and emphasized. In this process, historical objectivity is sometimes considered less vital. Cultural displays are set up to create more appealing narratives for viewers. Therefore, if a narrative loses its luster, it will be replaced by another flashy and newly-resurrected memory. This fact reveals that museums, as transmitters of historical knowledge, have a certain degree of limitation in playing their role.

• 복식
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• 제28권
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• pp.239-253
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• 1996

The purpose of this dissertation is to exam-ine the hippie look which is one of the most popular fashion trends in the early 90s, in re-lation to the hippie style in 60s and cultural restoration. in order to investigate the re-lationship this dissertation studies the trans-feral phenomenon of anti-fashion into mother fashion in the basis of social and clutural theories. hippie culture is the anti-culture which appeared in America in the late 60s, it tried to create a new culture by subverting the ruling class culture with their combative life style and peculiar appearance which are distinguished from mother culture. First of all to examine the inner symbolic meaning and outer shape of the hippie style I divided the characteristics of the hippies into ideology social value and attitude on sex. in the aspect of ideology the hippie show strong subjectivity while mother culture shows ob-jectivity. in social value the hippie has the resisting chaacteristics while mother culture has the conformative characteristics. In the aspect of sex the hippie tries to break the fixed idea of mother culture. Hippie culture as anti-culture is symbolically expressed in hippie style fashion which is dif-ferent from mother fashion in shape. There-fore the inner meaning and the outer shape of the hippie style shows strong characteristics of anti-fashion. Hippie style as anti-fashion has an effect on high fashion in the late 60s and the early 70s and on hippie look which is restored in 90s. however hippie-look in 90s is a mother-fashion in which all symbolic mean-ings of the hippie style are weakened and the only outer shape of hippie style is presented and suggested. It doesn't show any cultural backgrounds ideology social value and new attitude on sex of the hippies. The transferal phenomenon of anti-fashion into mother-fashion is summarized as follows. First in the process of tranference to highfashion in 60s and 70s and hippie-look in 90s the resistance of the hippie style is weakened and only suggested through the outer look. Second the hippie style which reappeared in the high fashion and mother fashion in 90s are layered look military uniform mode flower print grunge look romantic look peasant look ethnic look gypsy style handicraft ornaments working suit style handicraft ornaments working suit style and the use of the see-through cloth. Third the fact that the popular and high fashion were influenced by anti fashion in 60s proves filter-up theory in fashion adaption theory. As I examined before the ideology of the hippies are faded in high fashion in 60s-70s and hippie-look in 90s. The symbolic meaning of the hippie style is also weakened and only presented as a fashion trend.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.639-648
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• 2016

Purpose: Existing precedent studies include success factors of individual management innovation activities constantly. However, those studies have limitations about the common key success factors of individual management innovation activities. Methods: For this study, we investigate the key success factors using literature research of the most typical management innovation activities adopted and implemented by many companies in Korea, such as 6sigma, TQM, Lean 6sigma, ERP, TPM, BPR, Project Management, System Engineering. Factors emerging repeatedly was combined into common factors and inherent factors that are necessary for the success of individual management innovation activities are designated to essential factors. Results: 'Essential factors for Six Sigma' consist of 5 items. Black belt operating system, personnel management system linkage, the correct management of the data, perform improvement projects associated with financial performance financial result, linked to financial performance improvement project, project progress management. 'Essential factors of TQM' are arranged 4 items. Quality team's independence and role, goal-setting, Quality Information System, corporate's philosophy of quality first. 'Essential factors of Lean Six Sigma' are the selection of value stream which is based on the customer needs and the value creation and identify the project based on the selected value in the company. 'Essential factors of ERP' are investigated 6 items. Ongoing system maintenance and upgrades, the measurement and support of user satisfaction, the operating systems and the policies for the maintenance, IT infrastructure, change adaption condition monitoring, focusing on improving business performance. 'Essential factors for TPM' are arranged 4 items. Motivated and energetic Bottom-Up, CEO's recognition of the importance facility management, long-term perspective of necessity and ongoing patience. 'Essential factors for BPR' are the pursuit of change process and the staff's sense of crisis management. 'Essential factors for Project Management' are the strategy that reduce the risk management skills through risk management and the understanding and organized management for the project participant's needs. 'Essential factors for System Engineering' consist of 2 items. The first is the design for the best balanced system with pre-analysis about the compromise the cost, schedule and the performance. The second is the analysis of large problem into small problems which can solved. We have found the solution considering components of the interface through the systematic perspective. Conclusion: Common factors and essential factors presented in this study will properly help to introduce the individual management innovation activities for the each business sector and implement management innovation. After this study, new literature research that reflect new studies should accomplish steadily.