• 대한약침학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.35-36
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• 2003

Background: Evidence based medicine has become main tools for medical practice. However, conducting a highly ranked in the evidence hierarchy pyramid is not easy or feasible at all times and places. There remains a room for descriptive clinical outcome measure studies with admitting the limit of the intepretation. Aims: Presents three Korean clinic based outcome measure studies with a view to encouraging Korean clinicians to conduct similar studies. Methods: Three studies are presented briefly here in치uding 1) Quality of Life of liver cancer patients after 8 Constitutional acupuncture; 2) Developing a Korean version of Measuring yourself Medical Outcome profile (MYMOP); and 3) Survey on 5 Shu points: a pilot In the first study, we have included 4 primary or secondary liver cancer patients collecting their diagnostic X-ray film and clinical data f개m their hospital, and asked them to fill in the European Organization Research and Treatment of Cancer, Quality of Life Questionnaire before the commencement of the treatment. The acupuncture treatment is set up format but not disclosed yet. The translation and developing a Korean version of outcome measures that is Korean clinician friendly has been sought for MYMOP is one of the most appropriate one. The permission was granted, the translation into Korean was done, then back translated into English only based on the Korean translation by the researcher who is bilingual in both languages. The back translation was compared by the original developer of MYMOP and confirmed usable. In order to test the existence of acupoints and meridians through popular forms of Korean acupuncture regimes, we aim at collecting opinions from 101 Korean clinicians that have used those forms. The questions asked include most effective symptoms, 5 Shu points, points those are least likely to use due to either adverse events or the lack of effectiveness, theoretical reasons for the above proposals, proposing outcome measures, and the time from insertion to be effective. The questionnaire is posted on the virtual notice board of the homepage of the communication KOMA (The official tool of Association of Korean Oriental Medicine).

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.125-135
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• 2011

Objectives : This study is aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of Ryodoraku for traditional Korean medicine practice reported in the Korean literature. Methods : A search of seven Korean databases was performed up to May 2011 using the search term 'Ryodoraku(in Korean)'. All clinical studies on diagnostic Ryodoraku characteristics were included. Results : The search yielded 59 studies, of which 5 were considered suitable for this analysis. Four were observational studies. Only one was a controlled trial. Average Ryodoraku score(RS), mean values for each measure point, physiologic limit, number of Pyesaek and Gyeokcha, and pattern classification were used as references for the analysis. Correlations were observed between average RS and idiopathic Parkinson's disease, some sub-groups of respiratory disease, chronic low back pain, and menopause. Some mean values for measure points showed particularly high or low tendencies in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease, chronic low back pain, and menopause. Positive correlations were observed between the number of Pyesaek and H-Y stage in idiopathic Parkinson's disease and F2(肝) and the modified Kupperman's index with menopausal women. The four classes, organized based on Ryodoraku pattern, showed differences in various characteristics. Conclusions : Since only five studies met the experimental conditions, this evaluation of the diagnostic value of Ryodoraku in various situations is limited. Future studies should be conducted using various physiologic and pathologic situations.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.221-235
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• 2001

According to the literature study on Nae-gwan and Kongson, reviewing the oriental medical books from Hung-Ti-Nei-Ching $\ll$黃帝內經$\gg$ to recent books and other 35 kinds of literatures, the following results are obtained. 1. The location of Nae-gwan is the superior 2 cun Tae-nung point between Tendon of flexor carpiradials and Tendon of palmaris longus; the location of Kongson is the 1st Metatarsal, medial, dented and posterior 1 cun T'aebaek point. 2. The effects of Nae-gwan are relaxing mind, nutrition of heart, peaceful chest, invigorate vital energy, transmitting triple energy; the effects of Kongson are steadying spleen harmonious stomach clearing away dampness, controlling ch'ung-im, regulating blood. 3. Nae-gwan is often used for circulatory organs disease, digestive organs disease, neuropsychiatry disease; Kongson is often used for digestive organs disease, urinary organs disease, neuropsychiatry disease, therefore, these double points are used for internal disease wholly. 4. The Needle-steadying depth of Nae-gwan is 0.5-1 cun, Kongson is 0.3-2 cun; the Moxibustion dosage of Nae-gwan is 3-7 zhuang, Kongson is 3-5 zhuang. 5. Nae-gwan belongs to pericardium Merdian, Kongson belongs to Spleen Meridian, therefore, these double points are combined in yin Meridian upper and lower sides. These points can be used for treating front body part, such as heart, chest and stomach.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2014

상완골 간부 골절에 동반된 요골신경 손상을 가진 1명의 환자를 대상으로 "내경(內經)"의 독취양명치법(獨取陽明治法)에 따라 침구치료, 약침치료, 물리치료와 한약치료를 병행하였다. 손목관절의 하수 및 근력약화에 대한 치료성적으로 평가하기 위해 완관절의 운동범위와 능동저항검사를 통한 상대적인 지수를 평가하였으며, 요골신경마비로 인한 장악력의 약화정도는 악력측정기를 사용하여 평가하였다. 수지의 비증의 정도는 Numeric Rating Sclae(NRS) 사정법에 따라 평가하였다. 환자는 발병일로부터 약 6주째에 첫 회복징후를 보이기 시작하였으며, 발병이로부터 약 11.5주째에 가벼운 물건에 대한 집게운동이 가능하며 일상생활을 하는데에 큰 지장이 없는 수준으로 회복되었다. 이는 상완골 간부 골절이 동반된 요골신경손상의 자연회복시기보다 빠른 것으로, "내경(內經)"의 독취양명치법(獨取陽明治法)에 따른 한방치료요법이 상완골 골절에 동반된 요골신경손상의 치료에 효과가 있음을 알 수 있었다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.85-99
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• 2009

This book was completed in the 33rd year of Gang-hui-gapsul(康熙 甲戌) in the Cheong(淸) dynasty(1694), and was first inscribed in the 55th year of Geonryung(乾隆). In this first edition named 'Daechudangbon(大雅堂本)', his descendant Jinbonghui(陳鳳輝) wrote the postscript. There are also other editions such as 'Ga-gyeong-ganchwihyeondangbon(嘉慶間聚賢堂本)', 'Wimundanggeonsangbon(緯文堂巾箱本)' and 'Guangseo-ganseonseongdangbon(光緒間善成堂本)' Second, this book was called "Oe-gwabirok(外科秘錄)" and used the pen name 'Gibaekchunsasojeon(岐伯天師所傳)'. There are 16 volumes in total. The beginning of volume one, is a drawing of the 14 meridians. Volumes 1$\sim$4 are on the symptoms and treatment of abscesses and sores and ulcers[癰疽瘡瘍]. Volumes 5$\sim$13 are on surgery, dermatology and 156 diseases such as wounds by contusion, sharp objects and insects and beasts[跌撲, 金刃, 蟲獸傷]. Volumes 14$\sim$16 list the internal treatments, external medicine, acupuncture and moxibustion and surgery of sores and ulcers. Third, the book stressed early detection and treatment of diseases, emphasized inner resolving[內消] being cautious about using medicine, and further deepened the syndrome differentiation and treatment[辨證施治] of sores and ulcers[瘡瘍] by dividing fire toxin(火毒) into Eumhwa and Yanghwa(陰火/陽火). Also, it established the cause of sores and ulcers development as the deficiency of Gi(氣) and blood[血] and focused especially on the liver and kidney's involvement in the process. It also asserted that the pathogen[邪] is the tip[標], so one should eliminate and reinforce[攻補] to balance it out. The sore and ulcer surgery[瘡瘍外科] part is mostly based on detoxifying[解毒] and resolving[消散]. Although the meridians were mentioned, they were not emphasized, while moxibustion treatment of sores and ulcers[瘡瘍] were thoroughly analyzed. Also, of all 550 formulas in this book, 90% are experience-based which frequently use Geum-eunhwa(金銀花), Pogong-yeong(蒲公英) and Jahwajijeong(紫花地丁). The usages are unique, and the formulas have good adaptability. The symptoms of the diseases are explained first, followed by according main and sub treatments.

• 혜화의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

By studying the portions and layers(分部), left and right, superior and inferior, location of yin and yang, and beginning and end of diseases of skin, which is the core point of the theory of cutaneous region(皮部論) in "Naejing(內經)", in the physiological and pathological perspective, based on opinion of historic memorial doctors, arrived to the conclusion as below. Cutaneous region means not only the distribution of three yin and three yang(三陰三陽) of the surface, but also inside and outside, shallowness and depth, and it is the system which unites meridians, networks, and vessels. It is divided into portions and layers. The origin and beginning of diseases and the rule of favorable pattern and unfavorable pattern can be known through it. The portion of skin is not only the area that meridian vessels belongs to skin, but also the area that activation of twelve meridian vessels are expressed in the surface. The layer of skin is consisted in order of skin-tertiary collateral vessel-collateral vessel-meridian vessel-bone. In "Naejing", there are two preconditions to divide three yin and three yang into yin and yang. The first is standing while looking the south, and second is the quotation "outside is side of yang(外者爲陽 內者爲陰)." According to this preconditions, yang of outside of yang brightness, lesser yang, and greater yang is the whole body, except inside of hand and foot which yin of lesser yin, pericardium, and greater yin. Superior and inferior of the portions and the layers is designated as hand and foot, theological basis of which superior and inferior work in same diagnostic method can be found in the root and the basis(標本) and the origin and the insertion(根結). In conclusion, cutaneous region not only manages layer of the skin, but also it is divided into layers and portions, so it has close relations between meridian vessels and collateral vessels. The in-depth study of cutaneous region and meridians should be progress, in order to practice of diagnosis and acupuncture and moxibustion more.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.82-87
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• 2017

Objectives : Recently the case of lactobacillus mixture culture fluid appliment was reported. In this study, anti-inflamation effects and anti-allergy effects were studied by stimulus of lactobacillus mixture culture fluid extracts in HaCaT cells. Methods : The atopic dermatitis were induced by TNF-${\alpha}$ and interferon-${\gamma}$ in HaCaT cells. TARC/CCL17, MDC/CCL22, RANTES/CCL5 and ROS production were investigated to explain anti-inflamation and allergy effects of lactobacillus mixture culture fluid with cell-enzyme-linked Immunosorbent assay in 450 nm, 485 nm, 535 nm with spectro-fluorometer. Results : The extracts of lactobacillus mixture culture fluid were decreased TARC/CCL17, MDC/CCL22, RANTES/CCL5 expressions and ROS production with a concentration dependent manner. Conclusions : The effects mechanism of Lactobacillus mixed culture fluid for atopic dermatitis symptoms were considered to be explain anti-inflamation and allergy effects via control of cytokine, chemokine and ROS production, and the fluid could be applied in skin cells directly. But classified AD symptom degrees reported in clinical case before as Reaction Period, Reduction Period, Effect Period, Reproduction Period and Rebound Period could not be explained. Further study will be expected.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.87-96
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• 2002

Objective : To study of Literature on the Ying Qi and Wei Qi One of thing that is among basis theory of Oriental medicine is Vital Essence, Vitality, Qi and Blood(精神氣血) justly. Results : Physiological special quality of Ying Qi(營氣) first, flows within Blood Circulation and the temper is mild and second, transform blood and grow up whole body, and follow through Pectoral Qi(宗氣). Wei Qi(衛氣) means running regeneration of material that do guard action of human body as refined nutritious substances transformed in food. Physiological special quality of Wei Qi(衛氣) first, nature is fast, smooth, and sharp. And it flows outside Blood Circulation. Second, go on muscslar gap without following through Pectoral Qi(宗氣). Ying blood(營血) flows within Blood Circulation means living body ingredient which thing reveals by circulation of the blood change phenomenon. Ying Qi(營氣) is Ying(營) in meaning which go on meridians, therefore meridians as wandering living body reaction route mean. This Ying Qi(營氣)'s physiology transform blood and grows up whole body and flows within Blood Circulation. It becomes most important ingredient of composition of blood, Wei Qi(衛氣) transforms and becomes nutrition constantly by running regeneration of material which transform in Jungcho(中焦) and spread by spreading action of upper chest exhaust in lower belly above the blader of apriority, Kidney-yang.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.99-119
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• 2003

Objectives : The Jap Byoung(雜病) of the Young Chu(靈樞), one of the classical book of oriental medicine contains symptoms and remedies for various diseases that can be seen on human body. But it is too difficult to understand the Jap Byoung(雜病), because it is written in old chinese and there are many printer's error and omissions or adds in this book. As a consequence of above reason, the writer of this article has researched to find out the exact meaning of that. Methods : So in this part we study a woodblock-printed book of successive generation and view of annotators, and add adding notes, adjustment, translation to exact comprehension of the original text. Results & conclusions : The principle ideas of the thesis can be summarized as follows: The Jap Byoung(雜病) is consist of five part. In chapter 1, we present symptoms occurred by the upstream current of Qi(氣逆) and their treatments by taking meridian flowing the body parts on which the symptoms occur. In chapter 2, we deal with symptoms such as ikgun(?乾), a pain of the knee(膝中痛), huby(喉痺), epistaxis(?血), lumbago(腰痛), anger(怒), a pain of the jaw(痛), a pain of the nape(項痛) and their remedies. In chapter 3, since abdominal inflation occurs when the Qi(氣) of the five viscera(五臟) is damaged or go upstream, I discussed that the treatment should be given by taking the meridian accordingly. In chapter 4, we deal with the remedy for heartache, and different meridians to be taken by symptom, and parts on which needle to be used, and detailed remedies. In chapter 5, we present other diseases, detailed body parts to be cured and remedies by referring symptoms for a pain of the jaw(痛), the upstream current of Qi(氣逆), hiccup, etc. Especially, we introduce a part of Doinbup(導引法) for wegurl(?厥) and remedies for hiccup such as inducing sneeze by stimulating nostrils, holding one's breath, etc.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.124-129
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• 2015

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to understand truncus area conception to be explained in the pyobon and geungyul (Root-Stem and Origin-End relationships; PG) of meridian theory as to do the macro organic spatial conception in bio-mechanic system for human body. Methods : The extremity areas and truncus area to be explained in PG theories were classified spatially, and the reason was discussed that human body was classified as the extremities and truncus areas for the people of old times. It was considered the structural characteristics, exercise species and movement characteristics of truncus area in human body also. Results : The truncus area were made of cranium, vertebrae, sternum, ribs, clavicle, scapula, sacrum and the hipbone. It was the hollow structure and classified as cranial cavity, pleural cavity(thoracic cavity) and pelvic cavity. These cavities had mutually organic relationships, and because of cavity structures in the truncus and full structures in extremities would act in different direction about gravity with each other for movements. So it would be estimated that the old peoples had to need to separate the truncus and the extremities. Conclusions : In this study, the truncus area and the extremity areas in the PG of meridian theory could be recognized as the spatial conception of bio-mechanic system in human body. Although this study was the theoretical study not to be proven, it will be used to understand for the meridian theory as basic reference for spatial conception and bio-mechanic system.