• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.168-176
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• 1996

Statistical analysis of occupational accidents plays an important role in establishing measures against accidents and for evaluating safety performance in work places. This research work, numerous numbers of research work have been conducted, which attemped to verify the existence of !he concept of "accident proneness" Also researches have been developed in the fields of systems safety analysis and risk analysis to analyze the characteristics of occupational accidents. This paper presents a brief historical review of these research activities with particular emphasis on the statistical analysis of occupational accidents. Based on this review, further development needs in relation to the statistical research on the occupational accidents in the near future are discussed.discussed.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.205-212
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• 2019

Background: Workforce health is one of the primary and most challenging issues, particularly in industrialized countries. This article aims at modeling the major factors affecting accidents in the workplace, including general health, work-family conflict, effort-reward imbalance, and internal and external locus of control. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Esfahan Steel Company in Iran. A total of 450 participants were divided into two groups-control and case-and the questionnaires were distributed among them. Data were collected through a 7-part questionnaire. Finally, the results were analyzed using SPSS 22.0 and Amos software. Results: All the studied variables had a significant relationship with the accident proneness. In the case group, general health with a coefficient of -0.37, worke-family conflict with 0.10, effort-reward imbalance with 0.10, internal locus of control with -0.07, and external locus of control with 0.40 had a direct effect on occupational stress. Occupational stress also had a positive direct effect on accident proneness with a coefficient of 0.47. In addition, fitness indices of control group showed general health (-0.35), worke-family conflict (0.36), effort-reward imbalance (0.13), internal locus of control (-0.15), and external locus of control (0.12) have a direct effect on occupational stress. Besides, occupational stress with a coefficient of 0.09 had a direct effect on accident proneness. Conclusion: It can be concluded that although previous studies and the present study showed the effect of stress on accident and accident proneness, some hidden and external factors such as work-family conflict, effort-reward imbalance, and external locus of control that affect stress should also be considered. It helps industries face less occupational stress and, consequently, less occurrence rates of accidents.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.165-180
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to propose an effective traffic safety countermeasure to reduce both violations of road traffic acts and accident rates related to the driver's characteristics by measuring them using Q analysis method, a microscopic statistics analysis method. As a result, violators of the road traffic act could be divided into five driving characteristics and causers of traffic accident could be classified into six driving characteristics. By understanding these characteristics, We could establish a proper traffic safety countermeasure for each driving characteristic. The accomplishments of this research are as follows: The first, We could classify the decisive driving characteristics, which cause road traffic acts and traffic accidents, into internal and external causes. The relationship between each driver's characteristic and the occurrence of the road traffic act and traffic accident could be recognized more clearly. We could find the dangerous driver samples who have Accidents proneness. The second, As a result of analyzing the characteristics of these factors, We could sort out and suggest countermeasure for reducing violation of road traffic acts and traffic accidents as a priority countermeasure and complementary countermeasure. Finally, transportation companies most closely related to automobile accidents can judge new personnels on the basis of their driving characteristics before hiring, and also apply this principle to the traffic safety education vigorously.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.50-62
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• 2014

The number of traffic accidents has been decreased since 2000; however, the downward trend of crash occurrence has been slower after 2006. A few decades ago, physical improvement projects such as alignment improvement and the installation of safety facilities were usually implemented to decrease the occurrence of traffic accidents, but the effects of physical improvement on safety have been gradually decreased. The main objective of this study is to identify how the drivers' characteristics affect and/or are related to traffic accidents. Most of previous works have focused on revealing the difference of the nature of the drivers between the drivers who have no experience and the drivers with experience of traffic accidents. This study tries to analyze the habitual accidents proneness through a survey of drivers' personalities for drivers who were involved in traffic accidents at least once. As a result, nine personality factors were found to be statistically significant: Neuroticism(N), Lie(L), Psychoticism* Neuroticism(PN), Psychoticism*Lie(PL), Extraversion*Lie(EL), Neuroticism*Lie(NL), Impulsiveness(IMP), Venturesomeness(VEN), Empathy(EMP). Among these factors, single character factors were found to increase accidents, whereas complex factors were found to decrease the occurrence of accidents.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.15-29
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• 2007

In this paper, we explore some interesting models of the quasi-negative-binomial distribution based on difference differential equations applicable to theory of microorganisms and the situations like that. Some characterizations based on conditional distributions and damage process have been obtained. Further, the distribution of number of accidents as the quasi-negative-binomial distribution in the light of Irwin's theory of ";proneness-liability"; model has been derived. Finally, the proposed model (QNBD) has been applied to study the Shunting accidents, home injuries, and strikes in industries.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.90-116
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• 1996

The purpose of this study is to provide basic data for the children so as to avoid any accidents and to improve their health through a sound and safe living environment with safety education established through more systematic methods. For the study, the methods used include the questionnaires for collecting data which are distributed among 273 children from 3 to 6 years old. They live in three districts of Seoul (Kangnam and Kangbuk), Kyeonggido (Munsan and Ilsan) and Incheon. The children's general characteristics are investigated and the relationship between the accident-proneness prospects and their results are analyzed assuming that children's health is expected to have an effect on their safety. The findings of the study are as follows: 1. The accident-proneness prospect (for the living safety) has significant difference in sleeping habits and physically weak conditions(p<0.05). 2. The accident-proneness prospect (for the traffic safety) has no significant difference in accordance with the children's health condition. 3. Children's reasoning power has no significant difference in accordance with their health condition. 4. Children's movement speed non-significantly differs in accordance with their health condition. 5. Children's movement stability has a significant difference in accordance with their health conditions such as history of mild disease(p<0.05) and physical work capacity(p<0.05). 6. Children's attention power has no significant difference in accordance with their health condition. 7. Children's characteristic activities show a significant difference in accordance with their health history of mild disease(p<0.05). mental health(p<0.05). eating habits(p<0.05) and others (i.e. auditory abnormality and skin desease)(p<0.05). 8. General assessment of the APP test has no significant difference in accordance with their health condition. 9. The health conditions are a significant difference in the history of mild disease in accordance with sex(p<0.05) and whole family members(p<0.001). Also there are shown significant differences. in accordance with sex(p<0.05). in physical work capacity(p<0.05). Eye sight, blood circulation and skin condition show significant differences in accordance with residence(p<0.05) and whole family members(p<0.01). and the condition of eating habits appeared significant in accordance with age(p<0.05). Also, sleeping habits and physically weak conditions shows significant differences in accordance with age(p<0.001) and housing pattern(p<0.01), and others (i.e. auditory abnormality and skin desease) show significant differences in accordance with residence (p<0.001).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.180-194
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• 2015

On roads vehicles are the bossy, while pedestrians are the frangible. The current paper has a purpose for contributing to pedestrian's safety. First, it studies the association between demographic parameters and TPB(Theory of Planned Behavior)'s variables(pedestrian's attitude toward crossing behavior in roads, personal norm, etc.) and his/her crossing intention, perceived risk while crossing, and the experience of past traffic accidents. Its sample comes from a specific population(college students). Further, the present study endeavors to explain the portion of human cognitive failure/error, impulsiveness, time perspective, and probabilistic/math-logical judgment ability in pedestrian's riky crossings on roads. Research results found that TPB variables and such a few human characteristics have some significant association with the risky crossing intention on the road. Considering the human psychological portion in pedestrian accidents would help us prevent the accidents and reduce unhappiness of the accidents and, further, economic loss and insurance expenditure related with the accidents.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.85-96
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• 2006

The oriental life change unit(LCU) models differ from the western LCU model in human behavior, life style, ideas, culture, and psychology factors. Especially, the cause and effect models by behavior scientific approach method have provided the accident proneness concept through the LCU factors. Therefore this paper describes the analytical results of the oriental LCU model and western LCU model. Especially, the death of parents and death of close friend in Korean LCU model feel more acute stress than the western factors. In the case of Korean LCU models between the unmarried and married workers living in the middle area of Korea, death of parents, change in family member's health, change to different line of work, and change in work hours and condition are significant at the significance level of 5%. The priority of life change factors in these models is approved in the order of death of parents, death of spouse, death of close family member, and death of close friend. Finally, the result of this paper can be easily used in order to minimize the industrial accidents by the job stress with the worker and safety manager in real fields.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.28 no.2D
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• pp.191-203
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• 2008

According to a characteristic analysis of traffic accidents of industrial vehicles (RTSA 2007), the occurrence rate and lethality per 10,000 vehicles is 6.7 times higher and 5.3 times higher than that of non-industrial vehicles respectively. For the recent 10 years, in contrast to the 1.5% decrease of the annual rate of entire traffic accidents, the accident rate of industrial vehicles have been increasing 2.0% on the annual average. For the recent 10 years, the accidents of a freight truck and bus have been steadily falling off. But, in the case of a taxi, it has constantly been rising 5.6%. In these situations, the countermeasures to decrease the accident rate are suggested by grasping the inclination of taxi drivers through Q analysis which is character and psychology analysis method.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.126-130
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• 2003

The term stress is currently used to cover a wide variety of phenomena, ranging from physical to social and cultural factors. The term has defined psychological stress as an imbalance between perceived or subjective demand and perceived response capability. The behavior science model has provided the accident proneness through the life change unit factors considering human behavior, life style, ideas, culture, and psychological state. Therefore, this paper presents the Korean life change unit model through statistical testing with the proposed life change unit factors on the unmarried workers living in the middle area. The proposed model can be simply used in real fields in order to minimize the industrial accidents.