• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.61-64
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• 2008

Purpose: The analysis of individual eye model designed from clinical demonstration about emmetropia shows that the aberration would be changed by the wave change. Method: The model on the basis of clinical demonstration of eye ball is designed in a form of having 4 refraction surfaces and a constant refractive index. We analyzed designed twelve individual eye model into aberrations changes, as giving changes Fraunhofer lines's six wavelengths. Result: About individual eye model, change in the wavelength of the wavefront aberrations analysis using the Zernike coefficient. This data indicate that the shorter wave is, the more defocus increases and the deviation value of spherical aberration and RMS are widened. Conclusion: As quantity of defocus according to result wavelength change is shorter and shorter, inclination which is similar twelve individual eye model is bigger and bigger and individual eye model majority of cases, little change, and change is shown in part individual eye model is a significant performance degradation can be raised.

• Journal of Genetic Medicine
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.111-118
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• 2010

Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) enables the genome-wide detection of submicroscopic chromosomal imbalances with greater precision and accuracy. In most other countries, CMA is now a commonly used clinical diagnostic test, replacing conventional cytogenetics or targeted detection such as FISH or PCR-based methods. Recently, some consensus statements have proposed utilization of CMA as a first-line test in patients with multiple congenital anomalies not specific to a well-delineated genetic syndrome, developmental delay/intellectual disability, or autism spectrum disorders. CMA can be used as an adjunct to conventional cytogenetics to identify chromosomal abnormalities observed in G-banding analysis in constitutional or acquired cases, leading to a more accurate and comprehensive assessment of chromosomal aberrations. Although CMA has distinct advantages, there are several limitations, including its inability to detect balanced chromosomal rearrangements and low-level mosaicism, its interpretation of copy number variants of uncertain clinical significance, and significantly higher costs. For these reasons, CMA is not currently a replacement for conventional cytogenetics in prenatal diagnosis. In clinical applications of CMA, knowledge and experience based on genetics and cytogenetics are required for data analysis and interpretation, and appropriate follow-up with genetic counseling is recommended.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.59-79
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• 2021

Objectives This study was performed to observe the genotoxic effect of the ChondroT. Methods To evaluate the genotoxicity of ChondroT, an experiment of bacterial reverse mutation test, in vitro mammalian chromosomal aberration test and mammalian erythrocyte micronucleus test in mouse was conducted. Results TA98, TA100 and TA1537 strains in the absence of metabolic activation system (S9 mix), the number of revertant colonies being greater than 2-fold of the respective negative control value. Both in -S9 mix and +S9 mix, the frequencies of aberration cells with structural aberration and numerical aberrations of chromosome were less than 5%. There was no increase of polychromatic erythrocyte with one or more micronuclei at any dose of test substance compared to the negative control group (p<0.05). Conclusions In TA98, TA100 and TA1537 strains in the absence of metabolic activation system (S9 mix), the number of revertant colonies was greater than 2-fold of the respective negative control value, showing positive results. ChondroT was considered to be non-clastogenic to Chinese hamster lung (CHL/IU) cells under the present experimental condition. and ChondroT was determined not to induce an increased frequency of micronuclei in the bone marrow cells of male ICR mice under the present experimental condition.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.54 no.4
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• pp.113-119
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• 2021

It is difficult for observers to conduct an optical alignment at an observatory without the assistance of an optical engineer if optomechanical parts are to be replaced at night. We present a practical tilt correction method to obtain the optimal optical alignment condition using the symmetricity of optical aberrations of a wide-field on-axis telescope at night. We conducted coarse tilt correction by visually examining the symmetry of two representative star shapes obtained at two guide chips facing each other, such as east-west or north-south pairs. After coarse correction, we observed four sets of small stamp images using four guide cameras located at each cardinal position by changing the focus positions in 10-㎛ increments and passing through the optimum focus position in the range of ±200 ㎛. The standard deviation of each image, as a function of the focus position, was fitted with a second-order polynomial function to derive the optimal focus position at each cardinal edge. We derived the tilt angles from the slopes converted by the distance and the focus position difference between two paired guide chip combinations such as east-west and north-south. We used this method to collimate the on-axis wide-field telescope KMTNet in Chile after replacing two old focus actuators. The total optical alignment time was less than 30 min. Our method is practical and straightforward for maintaining the optical performance of wide-field telescopes such as KMTNet.

• The Korean Journal of Vision Science
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.469-482
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• 2018

Purpose : We investigated the change of spherical and comma aberrations after wearing aspheric soft contact lens (ASCL) in young myopes. Methods : Fifty young myopes ($23.15{\pm}1.70years$, spherical equivalent: $-2.90{\pm}1.75D$) were recruited and refractive errors were corrected using ASCL (Biotrue, Bausch+Lomb, USA). High order aberrations were measured in the 4 mm pupil size using the wavefront analyze and pupil sizes were measured with a pupillometer at the modes of scotopic condition (light off) at 3.5 m in the 100 lx illuminance condition. Results : Spherical aberrations and coma aberration of the 20s myopes were $0.026{\pm}0.031{\mu}m$ and $0.078{\pm}0.039{\mu}m$ respectively, and $0.019{\pm}0.026{\mu}m$ and $0.082{\pm}0.038{\mu}m$ after ASCL wear that spherical aberration was decreased and coma aberration was increased. However, spherical aberration was decreased in the 68% of the subject have positive spherical aberration, and increased in the 11% of the subject have negative spherical aberration. Coma aberration was increased in the 53% of the subject, did not change in the 19% of the subjects, and decreased in the 28% of the subject. Spherical aberration was not different with the refractive errors in low and moderate myopies, however, coma aberrations was higher in the higher myopes. Conclusion : In a scotopic condition without accommodation stimuli, spherical aberration is decreased after wearing ASCL, however in the subject have negative spherical aberration spherical aberration could be increased, and which is thought to be the influence of contact lens design and pupil size.

• Transactions of the Society of Information Storage Systems
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.135-138
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• 2007

Using a Shack-Hartmann sensor and sub-wavelength sized pinhole point source, we develope an optical testing system that measures the wavefront error of high numerical aperture and small sized optical components. The subwavelength sized pinhole generates perfect spherical waves with large diffraction angle and this makes possible to test high numerical aperture optics. The Shack-Hartmann sensor reconstructs the wavefront and calculates the aberrations. We make a home-made reference plane wave source which generates nearly perfect plane waves and the calibration with this plane source gives the overall uncertainty of the optical testing system 0.010 $\lambda$ rms.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.129-134
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• 1998

To evaluate the genotoxicity of CKD-602, an anticancer agent the in viかo reverse mutation assay using Salmonella typhimurium, the Chromosome aberration assay using Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells and the in vivo micronucleus assay using bone marrow cells of ddY mice were performed. In the reverse mutation assay, CKD-602 did not induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535, and TA 1537 strains with and without metabolic activation. In the chromosome aberration test using CHL cells, there was an increased incidence of structural aberrations induced by CKD-602 without metabolic activation during 24 and 48 hours, but CKD-602 did not induce chromosome aberration with metabolic activation. The in vivo induction of micronuclei was measured in polychromatic erythrocytes of bone marrow of male ddY mice. At 24 hours after treatment with CED-602 by i.p. once, there was an increased incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of ddY male mice.

• Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.123-128
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• 1998

To evaluate the genotoxicity of SKP-450, an antihypertensive agent the in vitro reverse mutation assay using Salmonella typhimurium, the Chromosome aberration assay using Chinese hamster lung (CHL) cells and the in vivo micronucleus assay using bone marrow cells of ddY mice were performed. In the Reverse mutation test, SKP-450 did not induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537 with and without metabolic activation. In the chromosome aberration assay using CHL cells, there was no increased incidence of structural and numerical aberrations with and without metabolic activation. The in vivo induction of micronuclei was measured in polychromatic erythrocytes of bone marrow of male ddY mice at 30 hours after treatment with SKP-450 by p.o once. The results showed no increased incidence of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes in bone marrow of ddY male mice treated with SKP-450.

• Korean Journal of Optics and Photonics
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.145-156
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• 1993

From the optimal system specifications of optical parts in rear projection TV focused on competitive price and performances, we designed and developed projection lens which is able to be used on current broadcast standard NTSC and HDTV in common. Through the serial processes, which are initial design of all aberrations free, aspherization of the plastic lenses, optimization with tolerances and manufacturability, and athermalization, the lens was designed. The developed CRT-lens ass'y could display the 40-55 inches image and it's resolution is more than 1000 TV-lines.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.18-21
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• 2005

These observations were performed to investigate the safety of the natural herbs (Rhus-II) in respect of genotoxicity. This substance was examined in two in-vitro tests: (1) Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay (Ames test) in strain TA 98, TA 100, TA 1535 and TA 1537, (2) in vitro chromosome aberration test in cultured Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. In the reverse mutation test, Rhus-II did not induced mutagenicity in Salmonella typhimurium reversion assay(Ames test) with or without metabolic activation. In the chromosome aberration assay using CHO cells, there was no increased incidence of structural and numerical aberrations with or without metabolic activation. These results indicated that, the Rhus-II had no genotoxicity.