• 제목/요약/키워드: a-type dislocation

검색결과 116건 처리시간 0.022초

A survey of the intravenous sedation status in one provincial dental clinic center for the disabled in Korea

  • Seok, Ujeong;Ji, Sangeun;Yoo, Seunghoon;Kim, Jongsoo;Kim, Seungoh;Kim, Jongbin
    • Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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    • 제16권2호
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    • pp.123-129
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    • 2016
  • Background: The objective of the present study was to examine the status of patients who had received dental treatment under intravenous (IV) sedation at Chungnam Dental Clinic for the Disabled in Korea from its inception to the present time, and to review the analysis results. Methods: Retrospective analysis was performed on 305 cases of patients who had received dental treatments under IV sedation between January 2011 and May 2016. The analysis examined the patient's sex, age, primary reason for IV sedation, duration of anesthesia and dental treatment, type of dental treatment performed, number of clinical departments involved in the dental treatment and level of multidisciplinary cooperation, and annual trends. Results: Most dental treatments using intravenous sedation were performed on medically disabled patients or dentally disabled patients with an extreme gag reflex or dental phobia. The mean duration of IV sedation was 72.5 min, while the mean duration of treatment was 58.0 min. The types of dental treatments included surgical treatment (n = 209), periodontal treatment (n = 28), prosthodontic treatment (n = 28), restorative treatment (n = 23), implant surgery (n = 22), endodontic treatment (n = 9), reduction of temporomandibular joint dislocation (n = 1), and treatment of traumatic injuries (n = 1), with treatments mostly performed on adult patients. Conclusions: With increasing demand for minimally painful treatment, cases using IV sedation are on an upward trend and are expected to continue to increase.

Improvement of wear resistance of Zircaloy-4 by nitrogen implantation

  • Han, Jeon G.;Lee, Jae s. J;Kim, Hyung J.;Keun Song;Park, Byung H.;Guoy Tang;Keun Song
    • 한국진공학회지
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    • 제4권S2호
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    • pp.100-105
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    • 1995
  • Nitrogen implantation process has been applied for improvement of wear resistance of Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding materials. Nitrogen was implanted at 120keV to a total dose range of $1\times 10^{17}$ions/$\textrm{cm}^2$ to $1\times 10^{18}$ions/$\textrm{cm}^2$ at various temperatures between $270^{\circ}C$ and $671^{\circ}C$. The microstructure changes by nitrogen implantation were analyzed by XRD and AES and wear behavior was evaluated by performing ball-on-disc type wear testing at various loads and sliding velocities under unlubricated condition. Nitrogen implantation produced ZrNx nitride above $3\times 10^{17}$ions/$\textrm{cm}^2$ as well as heavy dislocations, which resluted in an increase in microhardness of the implanted surface of up to 1400 $H_k$ from 200 $H_k$ of unimplanted substrate. Hardness was also found to be increased with increasing implantation temperature up to 1760 $H_k$ at $620^{\circ}C$. The wear resistance was greatly improved as total ion dose and implantation temperature increased. The effective enhancement of wear resistance at high dose and temperature is believed to be due to the significant hardening associated with high degree of precipitation of Zr nitrides and generation of prismatic dislocation loops.

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태권도 경기 중 스포츠 손상에 대한 분석 (Analysis of the Sports Injury in the Taekwondo Matches)

  • 허진강;김광수
    • 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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    • 제5권1호
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    • pp.75-80
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    • 1999
  • The Taekwondo being a martial sports, there are higher chances for the injury to occur than the non martial sports. Therefore, this study analyze the frequency, the area, the type, and the condition of the injury which are prone to occur in the Taekwondo matches; it is to help the Taekwondo players in prevention of the injury and in treatment. The subjects of this study were the 48 players (male 24, female 24) who participated in the final selection contest of the national team player on March 9 to 12, 1993. The data of the injury were obtained from the medical recoder staff and were analyzed to the frequency of the injury per match, the vulnerable area of the injury, the type of injury, and the condition of the injury with a gender difference. There were 24 matches for the male and 24 matches for the female, total 48 matches. Therefore, the total participation number of the players are the double of the match number. 1. The frequency of the injury per match was 18.3%(11/60) for male and 23.1%(12/52) for women. 2. The areas of the injury were ankle 36.4%(4), foot 18.2%(2), knee 18.2%(2), lower leg 18.2%(2), wrist 9.1%(1) in male; foot 33.4%(4), ankle 16.7%(2), knee 16.7%(2), lower back 16.7%(2), lower leg 8.3%(1), face 8.3%(1) in female. 3. The types of the injury were contusion 45.5%(5), sprain 27.3%(3), abrasion 9.1%(1), laceration 9.1%(1), tendon rupture 9.1%(1) in male; contusion 33.3%(4), sprain 33.3%(4), abrasion 16.7%(2), subcutaneous hemorrhage 8.3%(1), dislocation 8.3%(1) in female. 4. The condition of the injury were the unblocked attack 36.4%(4), attacking kick 27.3%(3), blocking a kick 18.2%(2), attacking punch 9.1%, impact with surface 9.1%(1) in male; attacking kick 33.3%(4), unblocked attack 25%(3), blocking a kick 25%(3), attacking punch 8.3%(1), impact with surface 8.3%(1) in female. This study shows that the injury from the Taekwondo matches occurred most in the lower extremity joints and the foot, and shows that the most of the injury types were contusion and sprain. Therefore, it is believed to be helpful to wear the proper fitting ankle or the knee protector and using other protective equipment to prevent the sports injury in the Taekwondo matches.

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미완성된 근첨을 가진 영구치 치근 파절의 치유에 관한 증례 (TRAUMATIC ROOT FRACTURE IN YOUNG PERMANENT TEETH : A CASE REPORT)

  • 강선희;김대업;이광희
    • 대한소아치과학회지
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    • 제30권4호
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    • pp.576-580
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    • 2003
  • 7세 남아가 맹출 중인 상악 영구 중절치의 외상을 주소로 내원하였다. 환아의 우측 중절치는 아탈구와 치근 파절을 보였고, 좌측 중절치는 함입성 탈구와 치근 파절을 보였다. 두 치아는 정복 후 선부자에 의해 고정하였다. 이후 주기적인 검진을 시행하였다. 4년이 지난 현재, 우측 중절치는 방사선 사진에서 파절편 사이에 방사선 투과성이 보이지 않고 정상적인 치조백선을 보여 경조직으로 치유되는 양상을 보였다. 좌측 중절치는 파절편이 분리되어있고 근관이 점차 폐쇄되는 소견을 보이고 있어 골과 결합조직의 개입에 의한 치유 양상을 보이고 있다. 임상 검사에서 정상적인 동요도와 타진 반응을 보였고, 전기치수검사에 양성 반응을 보였다. 외상을 받은 치아의 예후는 외상의 유형, 환자의 연령, 치근의 발육단계, 변위의 정도 등에 의해 영향을 받는다. 본 증례는 개방근관을 가진 치아가 외상 후 우측 중절치는 석회화 조직으로 치유, 좌측 중절치는 골과 결합조직의 개입으로 치유되고 있는 양상을 보이고 있어 이를 보고하는 바이다.

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Multiple damage detection of maglev rail joints using time-frequency spectrogram and convolutional neural network

  • Wang, Su-Mei;Jiang, Gao-Feng;Ni, Yi-Qing;Lu, Yang;Lin, Guo-Bin;Pan, Hong-Liang;Xu, Jun-Qi;Hao, Shuo
    • Smart Structures and Systems
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    • 제29권4호
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    • pp.625-640
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    • 2022
  • Maglev rail joints are vital components serving as connections between the adjacent F-type rail sections in maglev guideway. Damage to maglev rail joints such as bolt looseness may result in rough suspension gap fluctuation, failure of suspension control, and even sudden clash between the electromagnets and F-type rail. The condition monitoring of maglev rail joints is therefore highly desirable to maintain safe operation of maglev. In this connection, an online damage detection approach based on three-dimensional (3D) convolutional neural network (CNN) and time-frequency characterization is developed for simultaneous detection of multiple damage of maglev rail joints in this paper. The training and testing data used for condition evaluation of maglev rail joints consist of two months of acceleration recordings, which were acquired in-situ from different rail joints by an integrated online monitoring system during a maglev train running on a test line. Short-time Fourier transform (STFT) method is applied to transform the raw monitoring data into time-frequency spectrograms (TFS). Three CNN architectures, i.e., small-sized CNN (S-CNN), middle-sized CNN (M-CNN), and large-sized CNN (L-CNN), are configured for trial calculation and the M-CNN model with excellent prediction accuracy and high computational efficiency is finally optioned for multiple damage detection of maglev rail joints. Results show that the rail joints in three different conditions (bolt-looseness-caused rail step, misalignment-caused lateral dislocation, and normal condition) are successfully identified by the proposed approach, even when using data collected from rail joints from which no data were used in the CNN training. The capability of the proposed method is further examined by using the data collected after the loosed bolts have been replaced. In addition, by comparison with the results of CNN using frequency spectrum and traditional neural network using TFS, the proposed TFS-CNN framework is proven more accurate and robust for multiple damage detection of maglev rail joints.

비 운동선수에 있어 단독 제 2형 SLAP 병변의 관절경적 봉합수술의 임상적 결과 (The Clinical Outcomes of Arthroscopic Repair of Isolated type II SLAP Lesion in Non-athletes)

  • 유재철;안진환;고경환;김승연
    • 대한관절경학회지
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    • 제12권3호
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    • pp.185-190
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    • 2008
  • 목적: 비 운동선수에 있어 제 2형 SLAP 병변의 관절경적 봉합수술의 결과를 알아보고 단독 제2형SLAP 병변이 있는 군과 봉합이 필요치 않은 극상건의 부분층 파열을 동반한 군간의 임상적 결과를 비교해보고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2005년 7월부터 2007년 1월까지 제 2형 SLAP 병변에 대해 관절경적 봉합수술을 시행 받은 총 142예의 환자 중 50세 미만 비 운동선수를 대상으로 하였으며 이 중 같은 부위에 수술, 골절, 반복적인 탈구의 병력이 있거나, 봉합을 요하는 회전근개 전층 또는 50% 이상의 부분층 파열을 동반한 경우, 감염, 관절염, 염증성 질환을 동반한 경우는 제외하여 총 19예의 환자를 대상으로 하였다. 이 중 13예는 봉합이 필요치 않은 극상건의 부분층 파열을 동반하고 있었고(그룹 I), 6예는 단독 제 2형 SLAP 병변을 가지고 있었다(그룹 II). 평균 연령은 36.7세(29-49세)였으며 평균 증상 기간은 39.1개월(3-216개월)이었고 평균 추시 기간은 19.0개월(12-27개월)이었다. 외상의 병력은 그룹 I에서 9명, 그룹 II에서 5명 있었다. 모든 환자에서 술 전후로 관절운동범위, 통증 및 기능 VAS, Constant 점수 및 UCLA 점수를 측정하였다. 결과: 그룹 I에서 견관절의 외회전은 최종 추시시 의미있게 감소하였으며(p=0.003) 그 밖의 관절운동 범위는 그룹에 관계없이 모두 술전 상태로 회복되었고(p>0.05), 그룹간에도 차이가 없었다(p>0.05). 최종 추시에서 모든 평가 점수(Constant 점수, UCLA 점수, 통증 VAS, 기능 VAS)는 술 전에 비해 통계적으로 유의하게 향상되었다(p<0.05) : UCLA 점수는 $22.8{\pm}5.2$에서 $32.8{\pm}2.1$; Constant 점수는 $79.4{\pm}8.6$에서 $94.9{\pm}4.3$; 통증 VAS는 $5.4{\pm}2.7$에서 $1.1{\pm}1.4$; 기능 VAS는 $63.2{\pm}15.3$에서 $93.4{\pm}7.3$으로 향상되었다. 하지만 평균 UCLA 점수 및 Constant 점수의 그룹간 비교에서 두 그룹간 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 보이지 않았다. 결론: 비 운동선수에 있어 제 2형 SLAP 병변의 관절경적 봉합술은 임상적으로 좋은 결과를 보였으며 동반된 극상건의 부분층 파열은 1년 추시에선 최종결과에 영향을 미치지 않았다.

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Clavicle Hook Plate를 이용한 견봉 쇄골 관절 손상의 치료 (Treatment of Acromioclavicular Joint Injuries Using Clavicle Hook Plates)

  • 김명호;서중배;문상영
    • Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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    • 제13권1호
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    • pp.92-98
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    • 2010
  • 목적: 견봉 쇄골 관절 손상의 치료 방법으로서 Clavicle hook plate를 이용한 고정술의 결과를 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법: 2008년 2월부터 2010년 4월까지 본원에서 견봉 쇄골 관절 탈구로 Clavicle hook plate를 이용한 고정술을 시행하였던 18예를 대상으로 하였다. 제 3형의 견봉 쇄골 관절 손상이 7예, 제 5형이 11예였으며, Clavicle hook plate는 수술 후 3개월 이후에 제거하였다. 치료 결과의 판정은 스트레스 부하 방사선 촬영을 하여 건측과 비교하였고 Korean shoulder scoring system 및 American shoulder elbow society score를 이용하여 견관절의 기능과 환자의 만족도를 평가하였다. 평균 추시 기간은 9개월이었다. 결과: 스트레스 부하 방사선 사진에서 오구 쇄골 간격이 건측에 비해 수술 전 평균 114% 증가되어 있었으나 수술 후 최종 추시 시 23%로 감소하였으며, Korean shoulder scoring system은 평균 80점이었고 American shoulder elbow society score는 평균 74점이었다. 결론: 견봉 쇄골 관절 손상의 Clavicle hook plate를 이용한 고정 시 충분한 관절 안정성으로 조기 재활이 가능하며, 방사선학적 및 기능적으로도 비교적 만족할만한 결과를 얻을 수 있어 수술적 치료에 있어 유용한 방법 중 하나라고 사료된다.

The Effect of Carbide Precipitation on the High Temperature Deformation of Ni3Al and TiAl

  • Han, Chang-Suk;Kim, Jang-Woo;Kim, Young-Woo
    • 대한금속재료학회지
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    • 제47권3호
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    • pp.147-154
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    • 2009
  • The effect of carbon addition on the microstructures and mechanical properties of $Ni_3Al$ and TiAl intermetallic alloys have been characterized. It is shown that carbon is not only an efficient solid solution strengthener in $Ni_3Al$ and TiAl, it is also an efficient precipitation strengthener by fine dispersion of carbide. Transmission electron microscope investigation has been performed on the particle-dislocation interactions in $Ni_3Al$ and TiAl intermetallics containing various types of fine precipitates. In an $L1_2$-ordered $Ni_3Al$ alloy with 4 mol.% of chromium and 0.2~3.0 mol.% of carbon, fine octahedral precipitates of $M_{23}C_6$ type carbide, which has the cube-cube orientation relationship with the matrix, appear during aging. Typical Orowan loops are formed in $Ni_3Al$ containing fine dispersions of $M_{23}C_6$ particles. In the L10-ordered TiAl containing 0.1~2.0 mol.% carbon, TEM observations revealed that needle-like precipitates, which lie only in one direction parallel to the [001] axis of the $L1_0$ matrix, appear in the matrix and preferentially at dislocations. Selected area electron diffraction (SAED) patterns analyses have shown that the needle-shaped precipitate is $Ti_3AlC$ of perovskite type. The orientation relationship between the $Ti_3AlC$ and the $L1_0$ matrix is found to be $(001)_{Ti3AlC}//(001)_{L10\;matrix}$ and $[010]_{Ti3AlC}//[010]_{L10\;matrix}$. By aging at higher temperatures or for longer period at 1073 K, plate-like precipitates of $Ti_2AlC$ with a hexagonal structure are formed on the {111} planes of the $L1_0$ matrix. The orientation relationship between the $(0001)_{Ti2AlC}//(111)_{L10\;matrix}$ is and $[1120]_{Ti2AlC}//[101]_{L10\;matrix}$. High temperature strength of TiAl increases appreciably by the precipitation of fine carbide. Dislocations bypass the carbide needles at further higher temperatures.

일부 치과 외래환자의 측두하악장애 실태와 음식섭취능력에 관한 연구 (A Study of Temporomandibular Disorders and Food Intake Ability among Dental Clinic Outpatients)

  • 한세영;유지수
    • 치위생과학회지
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    • 제11권3호
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    • pp.285-292
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 치과의원에 내원한 일부 외래환자를 대상으로 측두하악장애 실태와 음식섭취능력을 파악하여 삶의 질을 향상하고자 대전광역시 소재 5개 치과의원에 내원한 외래환자 208명을 대상으로 2010년 1월부터 9월까지 구조화된 설문지를 이용하여 실시하였다. 측두하악장애의 주관적 증상, 악습관 및 이상기능, 음식섭취능력에 대해 조사 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 조사대상자의 측두하악장애의 주관적 증상을 보면 악관절 동통 45.7%, 관절잡음 45.2%, 저작 시 동통 41.3%, 개구 시 동통 38.0%, 비저작시 동통 19.7%, 관절탈구 13.0% 순으로 나타났다. 2. 성별에 따른 측두하악장애의 주관적 증상을 보면 관절탈구별로는 남자군 18.0%, 여자군 8.3%로 관절탈구를 보였으며(p=0.038), 저작 시 동통별로는 남자군 49.0%, 여자군 34.3%로 저작 시 동통을 보였으며(p=0.031) 유의하게 높았다. 3. 성별에 따른 악습관 및 이상기능을 보면 이악물기별로는 남성군 35.0%, 여성군 22.2%로 이악물기를 보였으며(p=0.041), 이갈이별로는 남성군 21.0%, 여성군 9.3%로 이갈이를 보였으며(p=0.018) 유의하게 높았다. 4. 연령에 따른 측두하악장애의 주관적 증상을 보면 악관절 동통별로는 21-30세군에서 자주 27.8%, 가끔 25.0%로 52.8%가 악관절 동통을 보였으며(p=0.001) 유의하게 높았다. 5. 연령에 따른 악습관 및 이상기능을 보면 두통여부별로는 31세 이상군에서 48.3%가 두통을 보였으며(p=0.046) 유의하게 높았다. 6. 측두하악장애의 주관적 증상에 따른 음식섭취능력을 보면 관절잡음이 없는 군일수록(p=0.000), 저작시 동통이 없는 군에서(p=0.000), 악관절 동통이 없는 군 일수록(p=0.000) 유의하게 높았다. 7. 악습관 및 이상기능에 따른 음식섭취능력을 보면 이악물기가 없는 군에서(p=0.000), 이갈이가 없는 군에서(p=0.000), 두통이 없는 군에서(p=0.000) 유의하게 높았다. 8. 조사대상자의 측두하악장애에 따른 치료방법을 보면 휴식 30.8%, 물리치료 24.0%, 약물치료 16.4% 순으로 나타났다. 저작 시 동통별로는 저작 시 동통에서 36.0%로 약물치료가, 악관절 동통별로는 악관절 동통에서 자주 52.4%, 가끔 40.5%로 약물치료와 물리치료가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.000). 이상의 연구결과를 종합하여 볼 때 측두하악장애의 복합요인에 대한 관리 조사가 병행되어 치료 및 예방 등에 대한 프로그램의 구축과 음식섭취능력을 높여 삶의 질이 향상되어지도록 신체적, 사회적, 문화적, 심리적인 측면을 고려함과 동시에 개인차가 심하기 때문에 다각적인 후속 연구가 계속 되어져야 할 것으로 사료된다.

탑승자 교통사고에서 경추손상 판단을 위한 중증도 요인 분석 (Parameter Analysis to Predict Cervical Spine Injury on Motor Vehicle Accidents)

  • 이희영;육현;공준석;강찬영;성실;이정훈;김호중;김상철;추연일;전혁진;박종찬;최지훈;이강현
    • 자동차안전학회지
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    • 제10권3호
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    • pp.20-26
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    • 2018
  • It was a pilot study for developing an algorithm to determine the presence or absence of cervical spine injury by analyzing the severity factor of the patients in motor vehicle occupant accidents. From August 2012 to October 2016, we used the KIDAS database, called as Korean In-Depth Accident Study database, collected from three regional emergency centers. We analyzed the general characteristics with several factors. Moreover, cervical spine injury patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 for from Quebec Task Force (hereinafter 'QTF') grade 0 to 1, and group 2 for from QTF grade 2 to 4. The score was assigned according to the distribution ratio of cervical spine injured patients compared to the total injured patients, and the cut-off value was derived from the total score by summation of the assigned score of each factors. 987 patients (53.0%) had no cervical spine injuries and 874 patients (47.0%) had cervical spine injuries. QTF grade 2 was found in 171 patients (9.2%) with musculoskeletal pain, QTF grade 3 was found in 38 patients (2.0%) with spinal cord injuries, and QTF grade 4 was found in 119 patients (6.4%) with dislocation or fracture, respectively. We selected the statistically significant factors, which could be affected the cervical spine injury, like the collision direction, the seating position, the deformation extent, the vehicle type and the frontal airbag deployment. Total score, summation of the assigned each factors, 10 was presented as a cut-off value to determine the cervical spine injury. In this study, it was meaningful as a pilot study to develop algorithms by selecting limited influence factors and proposing cut-off value to determine cervical spine injury. However, since the number of data samples was too small, additional data collection and influencing factor analysis should be performed to develop a more delicate algorithm.